英语作文 新颖词汇总结（连词）
3． contrast: on the contrary, on the one hand, on the other hand, otherwise, unlike, in sharp contrast, whereas, rather than, conversely, in stead, by contrast
4． exemplification: for example, for instance, as an example, as a case in point, as an illustration, such as, namely, that is, like, say
5． enumeration: first, second, in the first place, initially, first of all, to begin with, to start with, first and foremost, in the second place, next, also, besides, furthermore, moreover, in addition, what is more, beyond that, for one thing, for another , finally, supremely, eventually,
6． cause: because…, because of, as, since, for, owing to, due to, on account of, as a result of..
7． concession: although, nevertheless, however, but, yet, admittedly, it is true…but, in spite of , even though…, granted that…, at the ever worse
8． emphasis: chiefly, especially, indeed, in fact, certainly, particularly, to be sure, actually, above all, surely, most important of all, even worse, no doubt, needless to say, more often that not.
9． result: thus, so , consequently, hence, therefore, accordingly, as a result, for this reason, as a consequence, on that account, it follows that…
10． summary: in conclusion, in short, in brief, in summary, on the whole, finally, to sum up, to conclude, in a word
1) 表层次:
first,firstly, to begin with, further, in the first place
second,secondly, to start with, still, furthermore third,thirdly, what is more, last, last but not least also, and then, next, besides
and equally important too moreover besides in addtion finally 2)表转折；
by contrast although though yet
at the same time but despitethe fact that even so in contrast nevertheless even though for all that notwithstanding on the contarary however in spite of
on the other hand otherwise instead still regardless 3)表因果；
therfore consequently because of for the reason thus hence due to owing to
so accordingly thanks to on this account since as on that account in this way for as a result as a consequence 4）表让步：
still nevertheless concession granted naturally in spite of all the same of course despite even so after all 5)表递近：
furthermore moreover likewise what is more besides also not only...but also... too in addtion 6)表举例：
for example for instance for one thing that is to illustrate as an illustration a case in point 7)表解释：
as a matter of fact frankly speaking in this case namely
in other words 8)表总结：
in summary in a word thus as has been said in brief in conclusion altogether in other wordsto conclude in fact finally in simpler terms indeed in short in particular that is
in other words of course on the whole to put it
differently
namely in all therefore to summarize
英语作文常用句型
一、开头句型
我们常说，良好的开端等于成功的一半。做事如此，作文也是如此。所以我们颇有必要在作文的开头花一番心思。 在写议论文时，你通常以什么样的方式开头呢？最简单也最常用的可能就是开门见山法。也就是说——直截了当地提出你对这个问题的观点，点出文章的中心思想。
i．．．．has both advantages and disadvantages．……既有利又有弊。例如： 1．obviously television has both advantages and disadvantages． 2．living in a city has both advantages and disadvantages．
1．advertisement plays an informative role in our daily life．
iii．with the development of．．．，随着……的发展，例如：
1．with the development of our economy，m any chinese families can afford a car． 2．with the development of our economy and society，pollution is more and more serious．
3．with the rapid development of science and technology，people can get a college degree by taking online-courses at home．
4．with the current social and technological developments，
employees with more knowledge and higher academicdegrees are needed． 举一反三：
2．with more and more women entering society，peoples attitude towards women is changing． 随着越来越多的妇女走入社会，人们对妇女的态度也在改变。
3．with the deepening of chinese reform and opening up，an increasing number of chinese families can afford a car．
随着中国改革开放的深入，越来越多的中国家庭买得起车了。（“越来越多”除了常用的more and more外，还可以用an increasing number of， a growing number of，a significant number of，a great number of等来表达。） 本结构看似固定，实则富于变化，只要记住with有“随着”的意思，相信大家可以根据实际的需要造出更多的句子。
我们已经看到，开门见山的开头使论文直切主题，直白明确地提出了论点。不过在讨论某些有争议性的问题时，就显得有欠缺，因为我们必须在文章的开头引出人们对要讨论的问题的不同看法，然后再表明自己的观点。下面就是专门针对争议性论文的一种句型。
英语议论文多以简要总结全文或对所讨论的问题提出解决办法来结尾。总结全文时除常用到in one ／a word，generally speaking等外，没有固定模式。提出解决办法时却常使用下一句型。 v．．．．take measures to do sth．例如：
1．we should take measures to control pollution in order to save the world． 2．wed better take effective measures to prevent students from cheating on exams． 3．the government decided to take strong measures against drug abuse．
4．urgent measures should be taken to prevent terrorists from carrying out further attacks．常用句型二 一，开头句型
1.as far as ...is concerned 2.it goes without saying that... 3.it can be said with certainty that... 4.as the proverb says 5.it has to be noticed that... 6.it`s generally recognized that... 7.it`s likely that 8.it`s hardly that...
it’s hardly too much to say that...
what calls for special attention is that...需要特别注意的是 there’s no denying the fact that...毫无疑问，无可否认 nothing is more important than the fact that... what’s far more important is that...
二，衔接句型 a case in point is ... as is often the case...
as stated in the previous paragraph如前段所述
but the problem is not so simple. therefore然而问题并非如此简单，所以…… but it’s a pity that...
for all that...in spite of the fact that... further, we hold opinion that... however , the difficult lies in... similarly, we should pay attention to... not(that)...but(that)...不是，而是
in view of the present station.鉴于目前形势 as has been mentioned above...
in this respect, we many as well (say)从这个角度上我们可以说
however, we have to look at the other side of the coin, that is...然而我们还得看到事物的另一方面，即
三，结尾句型i will conclude by saying...
therefore, we have the reason to believe that... all things considered,总而言之 it may be safely said that...
therefore, in my opinion, it’s more advisable...
it can be concluded from the discussion that...从中我们可以得出这样的结论 from my point of view, it would be better if...在我看来……也许更好
四，能句型
let’s take...to illustrate this.试举例以兹证明
let’s take the above chart as an example to illustrate this. it’s remains to be further studied... there’s question is how... so that, so...that...
if you use a question it means you are questioning and not proving your point.
questions are best to be left out of essays because they are very passive and sometimes make holes in your essay. when you confront a question, turn it into a statement: example:what do you think that person should do? change to:
the person should do the following things to solve his/her problem. 2. use of and so on &etc.
you cant put these in a formal essay. you must either identify what the so on and etc are or else just name three examples. the reader knows that you cannot possibly list every example or situation, but if you use so on and etc you are using non-formal language.
example: there are many types of religions in society: judaism, buddhism, christianity and so on. change to:
there are many types of religions in society such as judaism, buddhism, christianity, jehovah witnesses and hinduism. 3. using iwhen writing a formal essay, you cannot use i think i feel(and other i type statements. instead, use words like one and phrases like the reader or the audience. the reason we do this is, first, the reader knows you wrote it and also that it is your opinion; therefore, i is not needed. it is not formal language to say i think, plus it is not needed.
examples:i think t hat cats are better than dogs.
change to:
cats are better than dogs.
take out all the i thinks, in my opinion, i will show, i will prove and any other personal phrases. instead, make them into more general statements.
4. use of you your we us our
please do not use these words in a formal essay. not only are they not formal language, but readers may be insulted if the author of the paper insinuates that you/we do something. it brings too personal of an
examples:
i think/ in my opinion
change to: more general statements
i think war is a pointless activity.
war is a pointless activity.
you/your
change to:a person/ people/ his/ her/ one/ ones
you think that reading is boring.
one may think that reading is boring.
our/ we/ us
change to: his/ her/ people
we all have to work together for a better society.
people need to work together in order to create a better society.
英语作文常用词语和句型
一．开头用语：
良好的开端等于成功的一半．在写作文时，通常以最简单也最常用的方式---开门见山法。也就是说, 直截了当地提出你对这个问题的看法或要求，点出文章的中心思想。
１．议论论文：a. just as every coin has two sides, cars have both advantages and disadvantages．
d. opinions are divided on the advantages and disadvantages of living in the city and in the countryside.
f. why do you go to university? different people have different points of view.
2. 书信：
a. i am writing to you to apply for admission to your university as a visiting scholar.
b. i read an advertisement in today’s china daily and i apply for the job...
c. thank you for your letter of may 5.
d. how happy i am to receive your letter of january 9.
e. how nice to hear from you again.
3. 口头通知或介绍情况：
a. ladies and gentlemen, may i have your attention, please. i have an announcement to make.
b. attention, please. i have something important to tell you.
4. 演讲稿：
a. ladies and gentlemen, i feel very much honored to have a chance here to make a speech on the subject -- a balance diet and health.
二．并列用语：as well as, not only…but (also), including,
b. all of us, including the teachers / the teachers included, will attend the lecture.
c. he speaks french as well as english.=he speaks english, and french as well.=he speaks not only english but also french.
三．对比用语：on one hand ,on the other hand, on the contrary/contrary to ..., though, for one thing ;for another, nevertheless
b. it is hard work; i enjoy it though.
c. contrary to what i had originally thought, the trip turned out to be fun.四. 递进用语：even, besides, what’s more, as for, so…that…, worse still, moreover, furthermore; but for, in addition, to make matters worse
a. the house is too small for a family of four, and furthermore/besides/what’s more/moreover /in addition/worse still , it is in a bad location.
五. 例证用语：in one’s opinion, that is to say, for example, for instance, as a matter of fact, in fact, namely
a. as a matter of fact, advertisement plays an informative role in our daily life．
b. there is one more topic to discuss, namely/that is ( to say ), the question of education.
六. 时序用语：first/firstly, meanwhile, before long, ever since, while, at the same time
in the meantime, shortly after, nowadays,
a. they will be here soon. meanwhile, let’s have coffee.
b. firstly, let me deal with the most important difficulty.
七. 强调用语：especially, indeed, at least, at the most, what in the world/on earth.. , not at all ,
a. noise is unpleasant, especially when you are trying to sleep.
b what in the world/on earth are you doing?
八. 因果用语：thanks to, because, as a result, because of/as a result of , without, with the help of..., owe ...to...
b. as a result, many of us succeeded in passing the college entrance examinations.
九. 总结用语：in short; briefly/ in brief ; generally speaking, in a word, as you know, as is known to all
a. generally speaking, sending an e-mail is more convenient than sending letters.
b. in short, measures must be taken to prevent the environment being polluted.
常用句型
（一）段首句
1. 关于……人们有不同的观点。一些人认为……
there are different opinions among people as to……some people suggest that
……
2. 俗话说（常言道）……，它是我们前辈的经历，但是，即使在今天，它在许多场合仍然适用。
there is an old saying……its the experience of our forefathers，however，it
is correct in many cases even today.
3. 现在，……，它们给我们的日常生活带来了许多危害。首先，……；其次，……。更为糟糕的是……。 today, …… which have brought a lot of harms in our daily life. first, ……
second,……what makes things worse is that…….
besides，……
5. 任何事物都是有两面性，……也不例外。它既有有利的一面，也有不利的一面。
everything has two sides and …… is not an exception，it has both advantages
and disadvantages.
6. 关于……人们的观点各不相同，一些人认为（说）……，在他们看来，……
people’s opinions about …… vary from person to person. some people say
that ……to them,……
7. 人类正面临着一个严重的问题……，这个问题变得越来越严重。
8. ……已成为人的关注的热门话题，特别是在年青人当中，将引发激烈的辩论。
debates are right on their way.
9. ……在我们的日常生活中起着越来越重要的作用，它给我们带来了许多好处，但同时也引发一些严重的问题。 ……has been playing an increasingly important role in our day-to-day life.it
has brought us a lot of benefits but has created some serious problems as
well.
10. 根据图表/数字/统计数字/表格中的百分比/图表/条形图/成形图可以看出……。很显然……，但是为什么呢？ according to the figure/number/statistics/percentages in the /chart/bar graph/line/graph，it
can be seen that……while. obviously，……but why?
（二）中间段落句
1. 相反，有一些人赞成……，他们相信……，而且，他们认为……。
on the contrary，there are some people in favor of……t the same time，they
say……
2. 但是，我认为这不是解决……的好方法，比如……。最糟糕的是……。
but i dont think it is a very good way to solve …….for example，……worst
of all，…….
3. ……对我们国家的发展和建设是必不可少的，（也是）非常重要的。首先，……。而且……，最重要的是…… ……is necessary and important to our countrys development and construction. first，……whats
more, ……most important of all,……
4. 有几个可供我们采纳的方法。首先，我们可以……。
there are several measures for us to adopt. first, we can……
5. 面临……，我们应该采取一系列行之有效的方法来……。一方面……，另一方面，
confronted with……we should take a series of effective measures to…….for one thing，for another，
6. 早就应该拿出行动了。比如说……，另外……。所有这些方法肯定会……。
it is high time that something was done about it. for example. ……in addition.……all
these measures will certainly…….
7. 为什么……？第一个原因是……；第二个原因是……；第三个原因是……。总的来说，……的主要原因是由于……
why…… the first reason is that ……the second reason is ……the
third is…….for all this, the main cause of ……use to …….
8. 然而，正如任何事物都有好坏两个方面一样，……也有它的不利的一面，象……。
however, just like everything has both its good and bad sides, ……also has
its own disadvantages, such as ……
9. 尽管如此，我相信……更有利。
nonetheless, i believe that ……is more advantageous.
10. 完全同意……这种观点（陈述），主要理由如下：
i fully agree with the statement that ……because…….
（三）结尾句
1. 至于我，在某种程度上我同意后面的观点，我认为……
as far as i am concerned, i agree with the latter opinion to some extent. i
think that ……
2. 总而言之，整个社会应该密切关注……这个问题。只有这样，我们才能在将来……。
in a word, the whole society should pay close attention to the problem of ……only in this way can ……in the future.
3. 但是，……和……都有它们各自的优势（好处）。例如，……，而……。然而，把这两者相比较，我更倾向于（喜欢）……
but ……and……have heir own advantages. for example, …… while……
4. 就我个人而言，我相信……，因此，我坚信美好的未来正等着我们。因为……
personally, i believe that…… consequently, i’m confident that a bright
future is awaiting us because……
5. 随着社会的发展，……。因此，迫切需要……。如果每个人都愿为社会贡献自己的一份力量，这个社会将要变得越来越好。
with the development of society, ……so its urgent and necessary to ……if every member is willing to contribute himself to the society, it will be better
and better.11
6. 至于我（对我来说，就我而言），我认为……更合理。只有这样，我们才能……
for my part, i think it reasonable to…… only in this way can you……
7. 对我来说，我认为有必要……。原因如下：第一，……； 第二，……；最后……但同样重要的是…… in my opinion, i think it necessary to……the reasons are as follows. first
……second …… last but not least,……
8. 在总体上很难说……是好还是坏，因为它在很大程度上取决于……的形势。然而，就我个人而言，我发现……。 it is difficult to say whether ……is good or not in general as it depends
very much on the situation of…….however, from a personal point of view
find……
9. 综上所述，我们可以清楚地得出结论……
from what has been discussed above, we may reasonably arrive at the conclusion
that……
10. 如果我们不采取有效的方法，就可能控制不了这种趋势，就会出现一些意想不到的不良后果，所以，我们应该做的是……
if we can not take useful means, we may not control this trend, and some undesirable
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