高考英语二轮复习考前三个月专题一阅读理解精研高考真题，寻找解题规律真题演练一全国I

精研真题　模拟演练

A

You probably know who Marie Curie was，but you may not have heard of Rachel Carson.Of the outstanding ladies listed below，who do you think was the most important woman of the past 100 years?

Jane Addams (1860­1935)

Anyone who has ever been helped by a social worker has Jane Addams to thank.Addams helped the poor and worked for peace.She encouraged a sense of community(社区) by creating shelters and promoting education and services for people in need.In 1931，Addams became the first American woman to win the Nobel Peace Prize.

Rachel Carson (1907­1964)

If it weren’t for Rachel Carson，the environmental movement might not exist today.Her popular 1962 book Silent Spring raised awareness of the dangers of pollution and the harmful effects of chemicals on humans and on the world’s lakes and oceans.

Sandra Day O’Connor (1930­present)

When Sandra Day O’Connor finished third in her class at Stanford Law School，in 1952，she could not find work at a law firm because she was a woman.She became an Arizona state senator(参议员) and，in 1981，the first woman to join the U．S.Supreme Court.O’Connor gave the deciding vote in many important cases during her 24 years on the top court.

Rosa Parks (1913­2005)

On December 1,1955，in Montgomery，Alabama，Rosa Parks would not give up her seat on a bus to a white passenger.Her simple act landed Parks in prison.But it also set off the Montgomery bus boycott.It lasted for more than a year，and kicked off the civil­rights movement.“The only tired I was，was tired of giving in，” said Parks.

语篇解读　本文属于人物传记。介绍了近一百年来涌现出来的四位杰出的女性以及她们对社会所做出的贡献与影响。

21．What is Jane Addams noted for in history?

A．Her social work.

B．Her teaching skills.

C．Her efforts to win a prize.

D．Her community background.

答案　A

解析　细节理解题。根据Jane Addams下的第一句(任何一位得到过社会工作者帮助的人都要感谢Jane Addams)可知，Jane Addams以其社会工作而出名。故答案为A。

22．What was the reason for O’Connor’s being rejected by the law firm?

A．Her lack of proper training in law.

B．Her little work experience in court.

C．The discrimination against women.

D．The poor financial conditions.

答案　C

解析　细节理解题。根据Sandra Day O’Connor下的“...she could not find work at a law firm because she was a woman.”可知，由于O’Connor是女性而未能在法律事务所找到工作。由此可知这是对女性的歧视。因此答案选C。

23．Who made a great contribution to the civil­rights movement in the U．S.?

A．Jane Addams. B．Rachel Carson.

C．Sandra Day O’Connor. D．Rosa Parks.

答案　D

解析　细节理解题。由题干可以迅速将答案锁定在文章最后一段，根据“Her simple act landed Parks in prison...and kicked off the civil­rights movement.”所提供的信息可知，Parks为美国的民权运动做出了极大贡献。故选D项。

24．What can we infer about the women mentioned in the text?

A．They are highly educated.

B．They are truly creative.

C．They are pioneers.

D．They are peace­lovers.

答案　C

解析　推理判断题。根据Jane Addams下的“...the first American woman to win the Nobel Peace Prize.”，Rachel Carson下的“If it weren’t for Rachel Carson，the environmental movement might not exist today.”，Sandra Day O’Connor下的“...the first woman to join the U．S.Supreme Court.”以及Rosa Parks下的“...it also set off the Montgomery bus boycott...kicked off the civil­rights movement.”可知，文中提到的这几位女性都是不同领域的先驱(pioneer)，因此C项正确。

B

Grandparents Answer a Call

As a third­generation native of Brownsville，Texas，Mildred Garza never planned to move away.Even when her daughter and son asked her to move to San Antonio to help with their children，she politely refused.Only after a year of friendly discussion did Ms.Garza finally say yes.That was four years ago.Today all three generations regard the move as a success，giving them a closer relationship than they would have had in separate cities.

No statistics show the number of grandparents like Garza who are moving closer to adult children and grandchildren.Yet there is evidence suggesting that the trend is growing.Even President Obama’s mother­in­law，Marian Robinson，has agreed to leave Chicago and move into the White House to help care for her granddaughters.According to a study by grandparents.com,83 percent of the people said Mrs.Robinson’s decision will influence grandparents in the American family.Two­thirds believe more families will follow the example of Obama’s family.

“In the 1960s we were all a little wild and couldn’t get away from home far enough or fast enough to prove we could do it on our own，”says Christine Crosby，publisher of Grand，a magazine for grandparents.“We now realize how important family is and how important it is to be near them，especially when you’re raising children.”

Moving is not for everyone.Almost every grandparent wants to be with his or her grandchildren and is willing to make sacrifices，but sometimes it is wiser to say no and visit frequently instead.Having your grandchildren far away is hard，especially knowing your adult child is struggling，but giving up the life you know may be harder.

25．Why was Garza’s move a success?

A．It strengthened her family ties.

B．It improved her living conditions.

C．It enabled her to make more friends.

D．It helped her know more new places.

答案　A

解析　细节理解题。由第一段最后一句“...regard the move as a success，giving them a closer relationship...”一句可知，Garza一家子孙三代住在一起，使他们的关系更亲密了，也就是加强了他们家人之间的关系。因此答案为A。

26．What was the reaction of the public to Mrs.Robinson’s decision?

A．17% expressed their support for it.

B．Few people responded sympathetically.

C．83% believed it had a bad influence.

D．The majority thought it was a trend.

答案　D

解析　推理判断题。由第二段最后一句“Two­thirds believe more families will follow the example of Obama’s family.”不难看出，多数人认为这是一种趋势。

27．What did Crosby say about people in the 1960s?

A．They were unsure of themselves.

B．They were eager to raise more children.

C．They wanted to live away from their parents.

D．They had little respect for their grandparents.

答案　C

解析　细节理解题。由第三段首句可知，人们急切地想要“远走高飞”来证明自己能独立行事。因此C为正确答案。

28．What does the author suggest the grandparents do in the last paragraph?

A．Make decisions in the best interests of their own.

B．Ask their children to pay more visits to them.

C．Sacrifice for their struggling children.

D．Get to know themselves better.

答案　A

解析　推理判断题。本段首句即为中心句。由接下来的解释可知，祖父母不可盲从，要根据自己的利益做出相应的选择。故答案为A。

C

I am Peter Hodes，a volunteer stem cell courier.Since March 2012，I’ve done 89 trips—of those,51 have been abroad，I have 42 hours to carry stem cells(干细胞)in my little box because I’ve got two ice packs and that’s how long they last.In all，from the time the stem cells are harvested from a donor(捐献者) to the time they can be implanted in the patient，we’ve got 72 hours at most.So I am always conscious of time.

I had one trip last year where I was caught by a hurricane in America.I picked up the stem cells in Providence，Rhode Island，and was meant to fly to Washington then back to London.But when I arrived at the check­in desk at Providence，the lady on the desk said：“Well，I’m really sorry，I’ve got some bad news for you—there are no flights from Washington.”So I took my box and put it on the desk and I said：“In this box are some stem cells that are urgently needed for a patient—please，please，you’ve got to get me back to the United Kingdom.”She just dropped everything.She arranged for a flight on a small plane to be held for me，re­routed(改道) me through Newark and got me back to the UK even earlier than originally scheduled.

For this courier job，you’re consciously aware that in that box you’ve got something that is potentially going to save somebody’s life.

29．Which of the following can replace the underlined word “courier” in Paragraph 1?

A．provider B．delivery man

C．collector D．medical doctor

答案　B

解析　词义猜测题。由下文及作者在机场的经历可知，他是一名志愿者，从事干细胞递送的工作。所以答案为B。

30．Why does Peter have to complete his trip within 42 hours?

A．He cannot stay away from his job too long.

B．The donor can only wait for that long.

C．The operation needs that much time.

D．The ice won’t last any longer.

答案　D

解析　细节理解题。根据第一段的“...because I’ve got two ice packs and that’s how long they last.”一句可知，用于冷藏干细胞的两个冰块只能维护42小时，因此必须在这个时间内将干细胞送达。故正确答案为D。

31．Which flight did the woman put Peter on first?

A．To London. B．To Newark.

C．To Providence. D．To Washington.

答案　B

解析　细节理解题。由第二段可知，由于没有飞往华盛顿的航班，航空公司为作者安排了一架小型飞机。根据该段最后一句“...re­routed(改道) me through Newark and got me back to the UK even earlier than originally scheduled.”可知是先去了Newark，再转到了英国。故选B。

D

The meaning of silence varies among cultural groups.Silences may be thoughtful，or they may be empty when a person has nothing to say.A silence in a conversation may also show stubbornness，uneasiness，or worry.Silence may be viewed by some cultural groups as extremely uncomfortable；therefore attempts may be made to fill every gap(间隙) with conversation.Persons in other cultural groups value silence and view it as necessary for understanding a person’s needs.

Many Native Americans value silence and feel it is a basic part of communicating among people，just as some traditional Chinese and Thai persons do.Therefore，when a person from one of these cultures is speaking and suddenly stops，what may be implied(暗示) is that the person wants the listener to consider what has been said before continuing.In these cultures，silence is a call for reflection.

Other cultures may use silence in other ways，particularly when dealing with conflicts among people or in relationships of people with different amounts of power.For example，Russian，French，and Spanish persons may use silence to show agreement between parties about the topic under discussion.However，Mexicans may use silence when instructions are given by a person in authority rather than be rude to that person by arguing with him or her.In still another use，persons in Asian cultures may view silence as a sign of respect，particularly to an elder or a person in authority.

Nurses and other care­givers need to be aware of the possible meanings of silence when they come across the personal anxiety their patients may be experiencing.Nurses should recognize their own personal and cultural construction of silence so that a patient’s silence is not interrupted too early or allowed to go on unnecessarily.A nurse who understands the healing(治愈) value of silence can use this understanding to assist in the care of patients from their own and from other cultures.

32．What does the author say about silence in conversations?

A．It implies anger. B．It promotes friendship.

C．It is culture­specific. D．It is content­based.

答案　C

解析　推理判断题。由第一段第一句及下文给出的沉默在不同文化中不同含义的例子可知，作者认为不同文化对于沉默的解读是有很大差异的，意即它与特定的文化有关。因此答案为C。

33．Which of the following people might regard silence as a call for careful thought?

A．The Chinese. B．The French.

C．The Mexicans. D．The Russians.

答案　A

解析　细节理解题。题干中的“as a call for careful thought”与第二段末句“a call for reflection”相对应，reflection意为“沉思，审慎的思考”，再联系本段首句可知答案为A。

34．What does the author advise nurses to do about silence?

A．Let it continue as the patient pleases.

B．Break it while treating patients.

C．Evaluate its harm to patients.

D．Make use of its healing effects.

答案　D

解析　细节理解题。第四段讲述护理人员对于病人沉默的处理技巧。由该段末句可知作者建议护士们利用沉默的治愈效果来关爱病人。故选D。

35．What may be the best title for the text?

A．Sound and Silence

B．What It Means to Be Silent

C．Silence to Native Americans

D．Speech Is Silver；Silence Is Gold

答案　B

解析　标题归纳题。全文自始至终都是围绕沉默而展开，论述其在不同文化中的含义及影响。因此答案为B。值得注意的是D项(雄辩是银，沉默是金)，该选项迷惑性较大，但文章并未涉及前者的内容，故D项不适合作文章标题。

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