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2018年高考英语全国卷I听力分析报告-

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**** 2018 年高考英语全国卷 I 听力分析与启示
2018年高考英语全国卷 I 听力部分全面考查了学生在真实语境中理解、 获取信息以及运 用信息的能力，难度适中。材料话题广泛，语言地道，信息点丰富，题目及选项设置灵活。 特别是词汇的使用上，灵活创新，值得关注。本套试卷的听力主播是美音，总词数 比去年减少 50 词。
1. 近 5 年全国卷 I 听力考点对比分析
考点 年份 具体信息 推理判断 主旨大意 观点态度
2014 10 8 1 1 2015 11 8 1 0 2016 9 9 1 1 2017 7 11 1 1 2018 8 10 1 1 888 词，
2018 年听力测试所设计的考点与 2017 年高考反映的趋势相同，即改变以往事实细节类 具体信息题目居多的印象，加大推理判断类题目的考查，符合真实的听力场景，听懂细节的 同时，也应能够对听到的信息进行简单加工，作出合理推断， “根据所听内容推断得出相关信 息的能力是听力理解能力的重要构成部分。 ”同时也加大了听力试题的区分度，利于选拔优秀 人才。
启示：今后的教学训练中，应有意识地加大简单推理能力的训练，能作出合理预测，会 进行简单运算。
1----
**** 2. 近 5 年全国卷 I 听力话题对比分析 年份/ 章节

2014
2015 第一节(Txt 2 3 4

准备 读
搭车
报告 书

谈天 气 求助

参加 会议

解决 矛盾

准备 聚餐

赶火 车
选 择 课 程 餐 馆 点 餐 图 书 馆 步 行 上 班
第二节(Txt 8 9 纽约出
面试
差

准备报 告身体 不适

酒店预 订

预约谈 话

住房租 房

周末计 划

出国工 作
1 问 路 赶 火 车 生 日 礼 物 看 电 影 看 电 视
5
天气
6 7
看电
拒绝
影
希望对
度假 餐馆
方关掉
旅行 就餐
收音机


是否开 暑期 毕业 窗 工作 计划 网上查 餐馆
问路
询火车 点餐 课堂请 重返
旅行
假 学业
10 大城市与

小县城生 活比较

伦敦茶叶 贸易中心

美国大学 毕业生求 职状况

干旱酷热 天气

知识改变 人生
2016
2017
2018
出国 旅行 购物
就餐 租房
近五年听力话题高度重复，集中在衣食住行学习生活。听力话题围绕学生，特别是中学 生的认知世界展开，比如看电视、请假、就餐、旅行等，特别是有四篇材料都谈到了学校、 学习，突出了学习的意义和价值，是对学生世界观、价值观的引领。
启示：新高考，立德树人是重要任务，听力部分同样可以渗透人文关怀与精神引领；新 高考下的英语测试，不再是单纯的语言知识测试，而是注重于真实场景下语言的正确使用， 特别是恰当表达与地道词汇的使用， 是今年高考题的新亮点与新趋势。 关注听力训练与教学 中的词汇教学，已成为当务之急。备考中，利用话题的集中性，熟悉相关情景话题词汇、句 式、表达，并加以针对性练习。多熟悉常用词，不回避生僻词。 3. 逐题分析
Text 1 W: James, you ’ve been watching TV for the whole evening. What M: It ’s a science program on the origin of the universe. I m tomorrow. 1. What will James do tomorrow? A. Watch a TV program. B. Give a talk. C. Write a report. 2---- ’s on? ’ll give a presentation on it in
**** 【解析】事实细节题。根据男士的话“ I’ll give a presentation on it in my class tomorrow.”可 知，男士明天要在课堂上作演讲，故选 B。
关键难词：
presentation 启示：加强地道场景词汇的有效累积。 Give a presentation是英美课堂上的常见场景， 如考生不了解该词汇，理解就会有困难，更谈不上与 talk 的有效转化。
Text 2 M: Hello, do you have “The Best of Mozart ”?
W: Um, sorry, we ’ve just sold out. But we can order ofonreyou. If you give us your number, we’ll call you when the CD arrives. 2. What can we say about the woman? A. She ’s generous. B. She ’s curious. C. She ’s helpful. 【解析】 推理判断题。根据女士的话“But we can order one for you. If you give us your number, we will call you when the CD arrives.”可知，女士帮男士预订唱片，等唱片到货就联系他，从 而判断女士是爱帮助人的，故选 C。
理解难词： “The Best of Mozart《”莫扎特音乐精选集》 启示：（ 1）学生需了解一些西方知名的文学家、音乐家、画家等优秀人物，对西方文 化的了解是学生跨文化交际能力的有效前提。（ 2）与人打交道是听力常考话题，人与社会 是修订课标的三大主题之一，是需要重点训练的主题。
Text 3 W: We’d better be going now, or we late’forlltbhe train. M: No rush. It ’s 8:30 now. We still have two hours. 3. When does the train leave? A. At 6:30. B. At 8:30. C. At 10:30. 【解析】 推理判断题。简单的数字推算。根据男士的话“It’s 8:30 now. We still have two hours”. 可知，现在是八点半，他们还有两个小时，从而计算出火车是十点半发车，故选 C。
理解难词：
No rush. 启示：听力前五题中的推理计算都相对简单一些，听清楚基准数据信息很重要。
Text 4 M: I am so tired of driving all those hours to work. W: Yeah. I know what you mean. I used to drive two hours to work each way. But now, I live within walking distance of my office. I don ’bitkeev. en need a 4. How does the woman go to work? A. By car. B. On foot. C. By bike. 【解析】 推理判断题。根据女士的话“ But now, I live within walking distance of my office. I don’t even need a bike.”可知，女士住在工作单位附近，步行就可到达办公室，甚至都不需 要骑自行车，故选 B。
3----
**** 关键难词：
within walking distance. 启示：衣食住行均为听力常见考查内容，需加强对此类场景的常见表达积 。累Text 5 W: Hi, Andy. I didn ’t see you in Professor Smith ’s class yesterday. What happened? M: Well, I had a headache. So, I called him and asked for sick leave. 5. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Classmates. B. Teacher and student. C. Doctor and patient. 【解析】推理判断题。根据女士的话“ I didn’t see you in Professor Smith’s class yesterday”. 和 男士的话“ So, I called him and asked for sick leave”. 可知，两人的关系可能是同班同学，故 选 A。
判断关系时，注意说话者之间打招呼的方式以及彼此的称呼。 关键难词：
ask for sick leave 启示：（ 1）请假、度假、放假，假假不同。需要引导学生关注类似汉语表达下的英文 地道表达是什么。（ 2）请假是常见的学生活动，高考侧重于考查从学生特别是中学生的认 知角度所了解的世界。
Text 6 W: The biggest mistake I made, uh ⋯ was leaving college in my last year and not completing my education. So, I ’m thinking of going back to school. M: School? To study what? W: Ecology. I ’m interested in the relationship between humans and nature. M: Cool. Is it what you studied years ago? W: No, I majored in chemistry then. 6. What does the woman regret? A. Giving up her research. B. Dropping out of college. C. Changing her major. 【解析】 事实细节题。根据女士的话“ The biggest mistake I made, uh ⋯ was leaving college in my last year and not completing my education”. 可知，女士很后悔从大学辍学，故选 B。
关键难词：
leave college 启示：听力材料中的 leave college和选项中的 drop out of college都是关键词，考查学 生熟词生义。
7. What is the woman interested in studying now? A. Ecology. B. Education. C. Chemistry. 【解析】 事实细节题。 根据男士的话 “To study what? ”和女士的回答“Ecology. I ’m interested in the relationship between humans and natur”e.可知，女士现在对生态学感兴趣，故选 A。
4----
**** 理解生词：
ecology 启示：人与自然是本材料渗透的主题，也是修订课标的三大主题之一。
Text 7 M: Good morning, madam. I am your guide for this trip. W: How lovely! Could you tell me about the hotel I ’m going to stay at? M: Yes, of course. The Grand Hotel opened in 1990. And it sits on the seaside along the South Coast Highway. It is the most beautiful hotel here. W: That sounds great. M: And there are some restaurants outside. So, at dinnertime, you ’d have a lot of choice W: That ’s really nice. I like to have some local foods while traveling. What about thescenery around it? M: The hotel has the best views of the Pacific Ocean. W: Oh, I think I will love this hotel. 8. What is the man? A. A hotel manager. B. A tour guide. C. A taxi driver. 【解析】 事实细节题。根据男士的话“ I am your guide for this trip.”可知，男士的身份是导 游，故选B。
关键难词：
guide 启示：guide一词从听的角度是难词，但幸运的是，选项 B 中出现了该原词，所以启示 我们一是听前的浏览预习必很节环要， 二是不要纠结于上一题是否做对， 应及时转入下一题。
9. What is the man doing for the woman? A. Looking for some local foods. B. Showing her around the seaside. C. Offering information about a hotel. 【解析】 推理判断题。 根据女士的话 “Could you tell me about the hotel I ’m going”to stay at? 和男士的话“ Yes, of course”. 以及他后面给出的信息可知，男士为女士提供了关于这个宾馆 的情况，故选C。
地道表达： it sits on the seaside ⋯ 理解难词：
scenery, view 启示：口语中的地道英文表达需要关注， 阅读高水平的听力原文材料是积累此类表达的 有效途径。
Text 8 W: Hi, Mike. M: Hi, Alice. Nice to see you. You don ’t often come here. W: I usually have fast food delivered to my office. Just came here for a change today. M: The environment here is good—
clean and relatively quiet. W: Yeah, and I heard the food is tasty. By the way, are you going to the concert tomorrow evening? M: Yes, are you? W: Yeah. Catherine was supposed to go with me. But she may have to work extra hours tomorrow. Do you know anyone who might like to go? M: No. But if you like, I can ask around. Uh, Joan might want to go. 5----
**** W: Oh, yes. She ’s a great fan of classical music. I ’ll give her a ring after lunch. 10. Where does the conversation probably take place? A. In an office. B. At home. C. At a restaurant. 【解析】 推理判断题。 根据女士的话 “I usually have fast food delivered to my office. Just came here for a change today”. 和“Yeah, and I heard the food is tasty”. 可知，对话发生的地点可能 是餐馆，故选 C。
理解难词：
deliver 启示：民以食为天，食是高考听力的重要考查方面，与食有关的餐馆信息、订餐、食物 评价等均为热点话题。
11. What will the speakers do tomorrow evening? A. Go to a concert. B. Visit a friend. C. Work extra hours. 【解析】 事实细节题。根据女士的话“ By the way, are you going to the concert tomorrow evening?”和男士的回答“ Yes, are you?”以及接下来女士的回答“ Yeah”. 可知，他们明天 要去听音乐会，故选 A。
理解难词：
be supposed to 启示：听音乐会、 参观博物馆、 看比赛等是业余文化生活的重要活动，提醒学生们关注 相关表达。
12. Who is Alice going to call? A. Mike. B. Joan. C. Catherine. 【解析】 事实细节题。 根据男士的话 “Uh, Joan might want to go”. 以及女士的话 “I ’ll give her a ring after lunch.”可知，女士接下来会给 Joan打电话，故选 B。
关键难词： work extra hours 启示：约会是常见的生活场景，表达某人有空或没空，不一定要用 free 或 busy，应多 掌握一些类似于 work extra hours的多样化表达。
Text 9 W: Hi, I ’ovnel y just arrived. M: Oh, good. Now, here are the keys. Let ’s go in. There are two apartments. The one for rent is the right. Do come in. W: Thank you. I like the carpet. The color is nice, isn ’t it? M: Yes, and this apartment is in good condition. Here is your lounge. W: Where would we eat? M: There is this corner here, or you can use your kitchen. Come and see. W: The kitchen is quite small. M: Yes, but it has everything— cooker, fridge, even a dishwasher. W: And there are lots of cupboards. M: Let me show you the bedrooms. This is the smaller one. W: It ’s a good size, though. M: Now come into the other bedroom. You can see the bathroom, too. W: Yes. It is very nice, but I will have to ask my friend first. And we will come together. I 6----
**** understand it is $800 a month. M: Yes, but a few blocks downtown would be much more expensive. W: Well, thank you. I will be in touch. 13. Why does the woman meet the man? A. To look at an apartment. B. To deliver some furniture. C. To have a meal together. 【解析】 推理判断题。根据男士的话“There are two apartments. The one for rent is on the righ”t. 以及后面说话双方谈到租金价格可知，女士来见男士是为了看一间出租的公寓，故选 A。
关键难词：
rent 启示：安居方可乐业，衣食住行作为生活的基本构成部分，长期受到听力考查的青睐。 买房、卖房、租房、收拾房间、购买家具等话题均需熟练掌握。
14. What does the woman like about the carpet? A. Its color. B. Its design. C. Its quality. 【解析】 事实细节题。根据女士的话“ I like the carpet. The color is nice, isn ”可知，’女t it? 士很喜欢这个地毯的颜色，故选 A。
理解难词：
lounge 启示：lounge作为客厅的表达方式，不同于学生熟悉的 living room。应加强重点场景 的多元词汇积累。
15. What does the man say about the kitchen? A. It ’s a good size. B. It ’s newpalyinted. C. It ’s adequately equipped. 【解析】 推理判断题。 根据男士的话“but it has everything— cooker, fridge, even a dishwashe”r. 可知，男士觉得这间厨房虽然小，但该有的家电一样都不少，配备很完善，故选 C。 adequately不在 3500大纲词汇内，但是 adequate的派生词，该词在听力材料中不常用。
关键难词：
adequately equipped 启示：此处听力原文表述并不难理解， 但选项为学生不太熟悉的词汇。 提示我们关注考 纲中相对较生僻的词汇及其词形变化。
16. What will the woman probably do next? A. Go downtown. B. Talk with her friend. C. Make payment. 【解析】 推理判断题。根据女士的话“ but I will have to ask my friend first. ”可知，女士接 下来要和自己的朋友谈一谈，故选 B。
理解难词：
block 启示：What will the man/woman probably do next是常见的推理判断类设问方式， 基于 原文的描述作出简单推理。
7----
**** Text 10 Thank you very much. Thank you, Dr. Johnson. Well, it is really great to be back at university again. The thing that I wanted to tell you today is this: Education is important. When I came to the US, I was only thinking about being a carpenter, but I could not read the newspaper. And I could not understand the news on television or movies or anything like this. So, I entered the city college to take English classes for foreign students. I was very proud that I was going to a college because no one in my family ever went to any college or to any university. You know, when you ’re 15 years old in my country, you finish school and then you learn a trade. And that exactly what I did. When I was 15 years old, I learned how to be a carpenter. A year later, I came to America. Luckily, I met a very good teacher who encouraged me to take some math classes, business classes, and history classes, and I became a full-time college student. And today, when I look back, I ’mso happy becauseyou never know where life will take you. All of a sudden, I started making money because I was really good at math. You know, how to work out everything with math is so important. This is something that I learned when I started my own business, which is doing really well. 17. Who is the speaker probably talking to? A. Movie fans. B. News reporters. C. College students. 【解析】推理判断题。根据讲述者的话“ Well, it is really great to be back at university again.” 以及后面讲述自己如何接受教育、 自己的生意如何得益于教育等可知， 讲述者在给大学生讲 话，故选 C。
标志词汇：
Thank you. 启示：从材料的开篇用语可以看出这是典型的演讲模式。 演讲、采访中的大段自述都是 独白的重要材料来源。 TED 演讲等是日常的很好的训练素材。
18. When did the speaker take English classes? A. Before he left his hometown. B. After he came to America. C. When he was 15 years old. 【解析】 事实细节题。讲述者说自己到美国后，看不懂报纸、电影等，因此他开始上英语 课学习英语，故选 B。
理解难词：
carpenter 启示：俗语说，三百六十行，行行出状元。不同行业的职业名称应当属于日常英语的掌 握范畴。
19. How does the speaker feel about his teacher? A. He ’s proud. B. He ’s sympathetic. C. He ’s grateful. 【解析】 情感态度题。 根据讲述者的话 “Luckily, I met a very good teacher who encouraged me to take some math classes, business classes, and history classes, and I became a full-time college student.”可知，由于他碰到好的老师，他才成为全日制大学生。他的言语中充满了对老师的 感激之情，故选 C。
关键难词： sympathetic，grateful 启示：材料原文并不难，但选项中的两个关键词都有一定难度。再次重申，熟练掌握考 纲词汇，特别是不能放过相对生僻词汇及其词形变化。
8----
**** 4. What does the speaker mainly talk about? A. How education shaped his life. B. How his language skills improved. C. How he managed his business well. 【解析】 主旨大意题。讲述者一开始就点明了主题 “The thing that I wanted to tell you today is this: Education is important.”然后讲述了教育如何改变了自己的人生，故选 A。
理解难词：
shape 启示：教育改变人生是本题的人文渗透， 是走进社会的阶梯， 个体的修养与社会的生涯 要求应当是相符的。人与社会是修订课标三大主题之一。
注：单题分析和分析报告是由不同的老师撰写的， 推理判断方面，看的角度不一样，这些都是可以理解的。9 ---- 所以在对试题的考点是事实细节还是



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