A
Britain’s oldest man made his first visit to London yesterday at the age of 101. Mr. John Evans had never found the time or money to make the trip from his home in Forest Fach, near Swansea. But, when British Rail offered him an all-expenses-paid birthday trip to the capital he just could not refuse.
He arrived at Paddington Station and smartly turned out in his best suit, favorite Panama hat and a red rose in his buttonhole. “It’s very exciting. There’s no doubt about it,” he said.
Until yesterday he had never been far from home, except for one trip to Aberdeen. “But I’ve been on the seas to that faraway land called Ilfracombe 21 miles from home,” he joked.
Mr Evans, who spent 60 years working as a miner in South Wales, almost made the journey to London once before, at the turn of the century. “There was a trip to the White City but it was ten shillings return from Swansea — too much I thought. All my money went to the family then,” he said.
During the next two days Mr. Evans will be taken on a short tour of London to see the sights. Top of his list is a visit to the House of Parliament organized by his MP, Mr. Gareth Wardell.
The only arrangement he does not care for is the wheelchair provided for him if he gets tired. “I don’t like the chair — people will think I am getting old. ” he said. His secret for a long and healthy life has been well publicized — no wine, no tobacco and no anger.
word/media/image2_1.pngBefore setting off from Swansea with his 76-year-old son, Amwell, he said jokingly, “I’m glad to see they’ve given me a return ticket. ”
1. The very reason that Mr. Evans didn’t go to see the world is that _________.
A. he had already been on the seas to Ilfracombe
B. he was too busy to go too far away from home
C. he couldn’t afford both the time and the money
D. he believed “East or west, home is best”
2. Mr Evans didn’t like the wheelchair simply because _________.
A. he was not used to traveling in it
B. the wheelchair was of poor quality and not easy to operate
C. he actually preferred walking to sitting in it at home
D. he thought he was still young enough to manage the trip
3．Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage？
A. Mr. Evans had to work hard to raise his family when young.
B. The trip to London excited Mr. Evans very much.
word/media/image2_1.pngC. Mr. Evans could not really enjoy the trip because of his age.
word/media/image2_1.pngD. Humor was one of Mr. Evans’ characters.
word/media/image2_1.png4．The probable explanation to Mr. Evans’ long life lies in _________.
word/media/image2_1.pngA. his good living habits B. his hard working for the family
word/media/image2_1.pngC. his sticking to his hometown D. his living conditions near the Swansea
B
The Queen’s English is now sounding less upper-class, a scientific study of the Queen’s Christmas broadcasts had found. Researchers have studied each of her messages to the Commonwealth countries since 1952 to find out the change in her pronunciation from the noble Upper Received to the Standard Received.
Jonathan Harrington, a professor at Germany’s University of Munich, wanted to discover whether accent (口音) changers recorded over the past half century would take place within one person. “As far as I know, there just is nobody else for whom there is this sort of broadcast records,” he said.
He said the noble way of pronouncing vowels (元音) had gradually lost ground as the noble upper-class accent over the past years. “Her accent sounds slightly less noble than it did 50 years ago. But these are very, very small and slow changes that we don’t notice from year to year. ”
“We may be able to relate it to changes in the social classes,” he told The Daily Telegraph, a British newspaper. “In 1952 she would have been heard saying ‘thet men in the bleck het’. Now it would be ‘that man in the black hat’. And ‘hame’ rather than ‘home’. In the 1950s she would have been ‘lorst’, but by the 1970s ‘lost’. ”
The Queen’s broadcast is a personal message to the Commonwealth countries. Each Christmas, the 10-minute broadcast is put on TV at 3 pm in Britain as many families are recovering from their traditional turkey lunch. (传统火鸡午餐).
The results were published (发表) in the Journal of Phonetics.
5. The Queen’s broadcasts were chosen for the study mainly because ______.
A. she has been Queen for many years
B. she has a less upper-class accent now
C. her speeches are familiar to many people
D. her speeches have been recorded for 50 years
6. Which of the following is an example of a less noble accent in English?
A. “duaty” B. “citee” C. “hame” D. “lorst”
7. We may infer from the text that the Journal of Phonetics is a magazine on _________.
A. speech sounds B. Christmas customs
C. TV broadcasting D. personal messages
8. What is the text mainly about?
A. The relationship between accents and social classes.
B. The Queen’s Christmas speeches on TV.
C. The changes in a person’s accent.
D. The recent development of the English language.
C
. Something in chocolate could be used to stop coughs and lead to more effective medicines, say UK researchers.
Their study found that theobromine, found in cocoa, was nearly a third more effective in stopping coughs than codeine, which was considered the best cough medicine at present.
The Imperial College London researchers who published their results online said the discovery could lead to more effective cough treatment. “While coughing is not necessarily harmful(有害的) it can have a major effect on the quality of life, and this discovery could be a huge step forward in treating this problem,” said Professor Peter Barnes.
Ten healthy volunteers(志愿者) were given theobromine, codeine or placebo, a pill that contains no medicine, during the experiment. Neither the volunteers nor the researchers knew who received which pill. The researchers then measured levels of capsaicin, which is used in research to cause coughing and as a sign of how well the medicine are stopping coughs.
The team found that, when the volunteers were given theobromine, the capsaicin need to produce a cough was around a third higher than in the placebo group. When they were given codeine they need only slightly higher levers of capsaicin to cause a cough compared with the placebo.
The researchers said that theobromine worked by keeping down a verve activity(神经活动), which cause coughing. They also found that unlike some standard cough treatments, theobromine caused no side effects such as sleepiness.
9. According to Professor Barnes, theobromine ______.
A. cannot be as effective as codeine
B. can be harmful to people’s health
C. cannot be separated from chocolate
D. can be a more effective cure for coughs
10. What was used in the experiment to cause coughing?
A. Theobromine. B. Codeine. C. Capsaicin. D. Placebo.
11. We learn from the text that volunteers in the experiment _____.
A. were patients with bad coughs
B. were divided into the three groups
C. received standard treatments
D. suffered little side effects
12. Which of the following would be the best title for the text?
A. Codeine: A New Medicine B. Chocolate May Cure Coughs
C. Cough Treatment: A Hard Case D. Theobromine Can Cause Coughs
1. C 细节理解题。从第一段第二句话“…never found the time or money…”可知。
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word/media/image2_1.png2. D 细节理解题。从第六段第二句话“…people will think I am getting old…”可知。
word/media/image2_1.png
word/media/image2_1.png3．C 细节理解题。从第二段，尤其是最后一句话可知。
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word/media/image2_1.png4．A 细节理解题。从第六段最后一句话“…no wine, no tobacco and no anger”可知。
5. D。细节理解题。第二段最后一句As far as I know, there just is nobody else for whom there is this sort of broadcast records可知只有女王的讲话录音完整，具有研究的价值。
6. B。细节判断题。从文章第三段第一句He said the noble way of pronouncing vowels (元音) had gradually lost ground as the noble upper-class accent over the past years. 可知，研究者主要是研究女王发音的元音的变化。四个选项中只有B项中的元音没有变化，其余三个在第四段可以看出现在都有变化。
7. A。推理判断题。从文章德内容得知，研究者是研究女王50年来口音的变化，属于语音类的研究，所以研究成果应刊登在语音学杂志上。由此推断Journal of Phonetics是一本有关语言方面的杂志。
8C。主旨大意题。文章开头一句The Queen’s English is now sounding less upper-class, a scientific study of the Queen’s Christmas broadcasts had found. 就是文章的中心句，其后内容就是围绕这一话题展开的，故主要是讲述一个人口音随着时间的变化。
篇是一篇科普性读物。选材于医学的某一方面的研究――对巧克力中theobromine（可可碱）独特的治疗咳嗽的功效的对比研究，证明theobromine（可可碱）是未来有效的治疗咳嗽的良药。
9 D。推理判断题。从第二段的Their study found that theobromine, found in cocoa, was nearly a third more effective in stopping coughs than codeine, which was considered the best cough medicine at present. 可看出theobromine比codeine更有效，判断A项错误。既然它用来止咳，改善人们的生活质量，所以B项错误。在第一段提到了heobromine是从chocolate里提炼出来的，所以C项错误。故正确答案是D项。
10C。细节理解题。A、B、D三项中的物品是用来做实验的物品。在文章第四段最后一句The researchers then measured levels of capsaicin, which is used in research to cause coughing and as a sign of how well the medicine are stopping coughs. 可知Capsaicin（辣椒素）用来引起咳嗽和作为这些药物如何止咳的依据。
11B。推理判断题。从第四段首句Ten healthy volunteers(志愿者) were given theobromine, codeine or placebo, a pill that contains no medicine, during the experiment. 可知实验中每组人吃一种所给的物品才能看出止咳的效果，故需要三组志愿者。
12B。归纳主旨题。本文主要介绍chocolate中含有的一种成分Theobromine能有很好的止咳效果，所以该题的正确答案为B精品推荐 强力推荐 值得拥有
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