高中英语不规则动词表

高中英语不规则动词表

王艳英

一、规则动词的过去式由“动词原形+-ed”构成，具体变化有：

1. 直接在词尾加-ed。如: want—wanted, work—worked, need—needed, clean—cleaned

2. 以不发音的e结尾的在词尾加-d。如：like—liked, live—lived, use—used, move—moved

3. 以一个元音字母加一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节动词，先双写结尾的辅音字母，再加-ed。如：stop—stopped, trip—tripped

4. 以辅音字母加y结尾的动词，先把y变成i，再加-ed。如：study—studied, carry—carried, hurry—hurried, marry—married

二、不规则动词变化，大体上归纳有以下六条记忆法：

1. 以t结尾的词，过去式与原形相同。如：put—put, let—let, cut—cut, beat—beat

2. 以d结尾的词，把d变成t。如:build—built, lend—lent, send—sent, spend—spent

3. 以n结尾的词，在词后加t。如：mean—meant, burn—burnt, learn—learnt

4. 以ow / aw结尾的词，把ow / aw变成ew。如：blow—blew, draw—drew, know—knew, grow—grew

5. 含有双写字母的词，将双写改为单写，在词尾加t。如：keep—kept, sleep—slept, feel—felt, smell—smelt

6. 含有元音字母o / i的词，将o / i变成a。如：sing—sang, give—gave, sit—sat, drink—drank

三、不规则动词表

动词原形 中文意思 过去式 过去分词

arise 出现 arose arisen

awake 醒来 awoke awaked / awoken

baby-sit 临时照顾 baby-sat baby-sat

be(am / is / are) 是 was / were been

beat 击打 beat beaten

become 变成 became become

begin 开始 began begun

bend 使弯曲 bent bent

bet 赌 bet bet

bite 咬 bit bitten / bit

blow 吹 blew blown

break 打破 broke broken

bring 拿来 brought brought

build 建造 built built

burn 燃烧 burnt / burned burnt / burned

buy 买 bought bought

can 能 could ×

cast 抛 cast cast

catch 捕捉 caught caught

choose 选择 chose chosen

come 来 came come

cost 花费 cost cost

cut 割 cut cut

deal 分配 dealt dealt

dig 挖 dug dug

do / does 做 did done

draw 画，拉，拖 drew drawn

dream 做梦 dreamed / dreamt dreamed / dreamt

drink 喝 drank drunk

drive 驾驶 drove driven

eat 吃 ate eaten

fall 掉落 fell fallen

feed 喂 fed fed

feel 触摸 felt felt

fight 作战 fought fought

find 找出 found found

fly 飞 flew flown

forbid 禁止 forbade / forbad forbidden

forget 忘记 forgot forgot / forgotten

forgive 原谅 forgave forgiven

freeze 结冰 froze frozen

get 得到 got got

give 给 gave given

go 去 went gone

grow 成长 grew grown

hang 挂 / 绞死 hung / hanged hung / hanged

have / has 有 had had

hear 听到 heard heard

hide 隐藏 hid hidden / hid

hit 打 hit hit

hold 拿住 held held

hurt 受伤 hurt hurt

keep 保持 kept kept

know 知道 knew known

lay 放置 laid laid

lead 引导 led led

learn 学习 learnt / learned learnt / learned

leave 离开 left left

lend 借贷 lent lent

let 让 let let

lie 躺 lay lain

light 点着 lit / lighted lit / lighted

lose 遗失 lost lost

make 制作 made made

may 可以 might ×

mean 表…意思 meant meant

meet 遇到 met met

mistake 误认 mistook mistaken

misunderstand 误会 misunderstood misunderstood

pay 支付 paid paid

prove 证明 proved proved / proven

put 放置 put put

quit 放弃 quit / quitte quit / quitted

read 读 read read

rebuild 改建 rebuilt rebuilt

retell 复述 retold retold

rid 免除 rid / ridded rid / ridded

ride 骑 rode ridden

rise 上升 rose risen

run 跑 ran run

saw 锯 sawed sawed / sawn

say 说 said said

see 看 saw seen

seek 寻觅 sought sought

sell 卖 sold sold

send 送 / 寄 sent sent

set 安置 set set

sew 缝合 sewed sewn / sewed

shake 摇 shook shaken

shall 将 should ×

shine 发光 shone shone

擦亮 shined shined

shoot 放（炮） shot shot

show 显露 showed showed / shown

sing 唱歌 sang sung

sink 下沉 sank / sunk sunk / sunken

sit 坐 sat sat

sleep 睡 slept slept

smell 发出气味 smelt smelt

sow 种植 sowed sown / sowed

speak 说 spoke spoken

spell 拼写 spelt / spelled spelt / spelled

spend 花费 spent spent

spit 吐出 spat / spit spat / spit

spring 跳跃 sprang / sprung sprung

stand 站立 stood stood

steal 偷 stole stolen

sweep 打扫 swept swept

swim 游泳 swam swum

take 拿 took taken

teach 教 taught taught

tear 撕裂 tore torn

tell 告诉 told told

think 思考 thought thought

throw 投 / 扔 threw thrown

understand 了解 understood understood

wake 醒着 woke / waked waked / woken

wear 穿着 wore worn

wet 淋湿 wet / wetted wet / wetted

will 将 would ×

win 获胜 won won

write 书写 wrote written

附录1、现在分词变化规则：

1 .一般情况下直接加ing

think---thinking sleep---sleeping study---studying

speak---speaking say---saying

2 .以不发音的字母e结尾的单词，去掉字母e，再加ing

wake---waking make---making come---coming

take---taking leave---leaving have---having

dance----dancing ride----riding write---writing

3.以重读闭音节结尾，呈现“辅，元，辅”结构的动词，先双写末尾的辅音字母，再加ing

stop---stopping sit---sitting run---running

forget---forgetting begin---beginning

4. 以ie结尾的动词，把ie改为y ，再加ing lie---lying

5.以重读闭音节结尾，呈现“辅，元，辅”结构的动词，先双写末尾的辅音字母，再加ing 。

begin，cut, get, hit, run, sit, stop, set, swim, fit, dig, forget等。

附录2、第三人称单数变化规则

1、直接在动词后+s

例如： like- likes play-plays

2、以s, x, sh, ch, 接尾的动词：+es

例如： wash-washes

3、以辅音+o接尾的动词：+es

例如： go-goes

4、以辅音+y接尾的动词：变y为i+es

例如： fly-flies

附录3、名词单复数变化规则+口诀

一、可数名词都有单数和复数之分。

A: 规则的可数名词的复数变化规则：

1.一般情况加 s ： book-- books mouth---mouths house---houses girl---girls

2.以 s 、 sh 、 ch 、 x结尾的加 es ： class--- classes box----boxes match----matches

3.辅音字母 + y结尾的变 y为 i加es： city---cities country----countries party----parties factory----factories

4.以 o 结尾的词 +es的只有以下词 ：heroes Negroes tomatoes potatoes zeroes/zeros

以 o 结尾并且词尾有两个元音字母 +s radios, zoos, bamboos ,(pianos ,kilos photos)

5.以f， fe 结尾的 变f或fe为v +es ：

thief wife life knife wolf half leaf shelf

The thief’s wife killed three wolves with some leaves and knives in half of her life.

B: 名词词尾的读音规则：

A． 在[ p] [t] [k] [f]等清辅音后读[s] cups， hats， cakes， roofs

B. 在[s] [z] [∫] [t∫]等音后读[iz] glasses, faces, roses.

C.在其他情况下读作[z] beds days cities knives.

D.以th结尾的词原来读[ ] 加词尾后多数读[ ]

如： mouth—mouths path—paths ;

但是也有不变化的，如： month—months, ninth—ninths, youth—youths.

C: 不规则的可数名词的变化规则：

小老鼠爬灯台，偷油吃下不来。

男人当警察，保护妇女跟儿童；

英国人的牙咬了法国人的脚；

养了一头日本羊，送给了中国人；

养了一头鹿跟鹅，卖给了瑞士人。

—men, woman—women, tooth—teeth, foot—feet, goose—geese child—children, mouse—mice,

2.单复数相同: sheep, deer, Chinese, Japanese Swiss.

3.以man, woman 修饰名词构成合成词时,两个词都变化.

man servant—men servants. (boy/girl students)

woman doctor—women doctors.

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