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首页 > 2019-2020学年新导学同步译林版 - 皖湘 - 高中英语必修5 - Unit Unit 2 Period Five(9)

2019-2020学年新导学同步译林版 - 皖湘 - 高中英语必修5 - Unit Unit 2 Period Five(9)

发布时间：2019-06-22 21:53:22 来源：文档文库

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模拟高考强化练

练模拟

Ⅰ.阅读理解

(2018·河南中原名校高三预测)

From the loss of wildlife to rising sea levels，we’re all well aware of the problems that climate change could cause.

But while it may seem like such issues won’t affect most of us directly，it looks like future generations could grow up without something that many of us now take for granted：chocolate.

According to an essay published by the US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration，changes to the climate in the regions that produce cacao—the plant from which chocolate is produced—may mean that it will soon become extinct.

Most of the world’s cacao grows in countries close to the equator，with over half of it growing in the African nations of Ghana and Ivory Coast.

It’s predicted that by 2050，climate change will have accelerated the rate at which temperatures in these countries rise，making it extremely difficult for cacao to grow there.

The problem doesn’t lie in increased heat，however，but in lower humidity(湿度)，as it’s believed that rainfall will stay at the same level if the temperature rises.

“In other words，as higher temperatures squeeze more water out of soil and plants，it’s unlikely that rainfall will increase enough to offset the moisture(含水量) loss，” Michon Scott，the essay’s author，wrote.

To help fight this problem，researchers from Berkeley University in the US are working on changing the DNA of cacao plants to allow them to survive in dryer conditions by using gene editing technology，according to US News.

In the meantime，US company Mars，one of the world’s biggest manufacturers of chocolate products，announced in January that it would spend 1 billion to help reduce the effects of climate change.

“This is a world issue，and it requires everyone to work together，” Mars spokesperson Barry Parkin told Business Insider.

The message here is that if we all do our part，we may be able to prevent some of the worst impacts of climate change.Or if we’re unlucky，chocolate will become a thing of the past.

1．What could make it hard for cacao to survive around the equator in the future?

A．The increased heat there.

B．The higher humidity there.

C．The decrease in rainfall there.

D．The moisture loss in the soil there.

答案　D

解析　细节理解题。由第七段可知，未来赤道附近的可可树很难存活，是因为那里土壤中水分的流失，故选D。

2．What does the underlined word “offset” in the seventh paragraph mean?

A．Hold back. B．Make up for.

C．Protect. D．Accept.

答案　B

解析　词义猜测题。由第七段可知，高温带走了土壤和植物中更多的水分，降雨量不可能增长到足以抵消水分流失的水平，所以“offset”的意思是“弥补，抵消”，故选B。

3．What will US company Mars do to help cacao survive?

A．It will work hard to plant cacao in greenhouses.

B．It will apply gene editing technology in planting cacao.

C．It will give financial support to help fight climate change.

D．It will develop cacao that can survive in dryer conditions.

答案　C

解析　细节理解题。由倒数第三段可知，美国的火星巧克力公司将为对抗气候变化提供资金援助，故选C。

4．What may be the best title for this text?

A．Chocolate Could Become History

B．Work Together to Fight Climate Change

C．How Do We Grow Cacao in the Future?

D．How Do Cacao Plants Affect Climate Change?

答案　A

解析　标题归纳题。本文主要讲了未来由于气候的变化，为制造巧克力提供原料的可可树可能会灭绝，所以巧克力有可能会成为历史，故选A。

Ⅱ.七选五

(2018·江西新余高三模拟)

Many people think of guys as being carefree when it comes to their appearance.But in fact，a lot of guys spend plenty of time in front of the mirror.They care just as much as girls do about their body image.

Body image is a person’s opinions and feelings about his or her own body and physical appearance. 5 You appreciate your body for its capabilities and accept its imperfections. 6 Here are some ideas.

Recognize your strengths.

Different body types are good for different things.What does your body do well? Maybe your speed，strength，or coordination makes you better than others at a certain sport.That may be basketball，table tennis，mountain biking，dancing，or even running.Or perhaps you have nonsports skills，like drawing，painting，singing，playing a musical instrument，writing，or acting.

7

Exercise regularly.

Exercise can help you look well and feel good about yourself.Good physiques(体形) don’t just happen. 8 A healthy habit can be as simple as exercising 20 minutes to 1 hour three days a week.Working out can also lift your spirits.

Respect your body.

Practicing good habits—regular showering；taking care of your teeth，hair and skin；wearing clean clothes，and so on—can help you build a positive body image.

9

Your body is just one part of who you are.Your talent for comedy，a quick wit(智慧)，and all the other things make you unique.So try not to let small imperfections take over.

A．Be yourself.

B．Just explore talents that you feel good about.

C．So，what can you do to develop a positive body image?

D．Use this as an opportunity to discover what you’re good at.

E．The good news is that selfimage and body image can be changed.

F．They take hard work，regular workouts，and a healthy diet.

G．Having a positive body image means feeling satisfied with the way you look.

5．答案　G

解析　空前的意思是：身体形象是一个人对自己的身体和面貌特征的看法和想法。空后的意思是：你欣赏你身体的能力并接受它的不足。所以这里选G(有积极的形象意味着我们对于自己的长相是满意的。)与上下文一致。

6．答案　C

解析　空后的意思是：这里有一些建议。所以这里选C(所以为了发展一个健康的形象你可以做什么？)与上下文一致。

7．答案　B

解析　空前的意思是：或许你有非运动技巧，像画画、唱歌、玩乐器、写作或者表演。所以这里选B(只需探索你感觉好的天赋。)与上下文一致。

8．答案　F

解析　空前的意思是：好的身材不会凭空就会有。空后的意思是：健康的习惯是像一周三天二十分钟到一个小时的锻炼时间这样简单。所以这里选F(好的身体需要努力、有规律的锻炼和健康的饮食。)与上下文一致。

9．答案　A

解析　该空为段落小标题。下文的意思是：你的身体只是你自己的一部分。不要被一些小缺点所掌控。所以这里选A(做你自己。)与上下文一致。

过高考

Ⅲ.完形填空

(2016·浙江)

During the war，my husband was stationed at an army camp in a desert in California.I went to live there in order to be 10 him.I hated the place.I had never 11 been so unhappy.My husband was ordered out on a longterm duty，and I was left in a tiny shack(棚屋) alone.The heat was 12 —almost 125°F even in the shade of a cactus(仙人掌)． 13 a soul to talk to.The wind blew nonstop，and all the food I ate，and the very air I breathed，were 14 with sand，sand，sand!

I was so sorry for myself that I wrote to my parents.I told them I was 15 and coming back home.I said I couldn’t stand it one minute longer.I 16 be in prison! My father answered my 17 with just two lines—two lines that will always sing in my 18 —two lines that completely changed my life：

Two men looked out from prison bars，

One saw the mud，the other saw the stars.

I read those two lines 19 .I was ashamed of myself.I made up my mind I would find out what was good in my present 20 ；I would look for the stars.

I made friends with the natives，and their 21 amazed me.They gave me presents of their favorite artworks which they had 22 to sell to tourists.I studied the delightful forms of the cactus.I watched for the desert sunsets，and 23 for seashells that had been left there millions of years ago when the sands of the desert had been an ocean 24 .

What brought about this 25 change in me? The desert hadn’t changed， 26 I had.I had changed my 27 .And by doing so，I changed an unhappy experience into the most amazing 28 of my life.I was excited by this new world that I had discovered.I had looked out of my selfcreated prison and 29 the stars.

10．A.off B．behind

C．near D．beyond

答案　C

解析　根据空格前的went to live there可以看出，作者到那里住的目的是希望离丈夫近(near)一些。off离开；behind在……后面；near在……附近；beyond超出，远于。

11．A.before B．already

C．then D．still

答案　A

解析　根据上文使用的过去时及第二段第三句“I said I couldn’t stand it one minute longer.”可知，作者在此之前(before)从未那么不快乐过。before在……之前；already已经；then然后，那么；still仍然。

12．A.inflexible B．incomprehensible

C．uncontrollable D．unbearable

答案　D

解析　由破折号后的“almost 125°F even in the shade of a cactus(仙人掌)．”可知，即便是在仙人掌的阴凉里，这种炎热也是让人无法忍受的(unbearable)。inflexible缺乏弹性的，不可改变的；incomprehensible难懂的，不可理解的；uncontrollable控制不住的，无法管束的；unbearable无法忍受的，承受不住的。

13．A.Only B．Not

C．Many D．Such

答案　B

解析　由该段内容可以看出，作者所居住的地方环境很恶劣，可推知空格处应该指这里没有(not)作者可以与之聊天的人。only仅仅，只有；not没有；many许多；such那样的。

14．A.covered B．filled

C．buried D．charged

答案　B

解析　be covered with用……覆盖；be filled with充满……；be buried with被……掩埋；be charged with被指控犯……(罪)。由该句语境可以看出，无论是作者吃的食物还是呼吸的空气，到处都充满了(were filled with)沙子。

15．A.catching up B．keeping up

C．giving up D．getting up

答案　C

解析　由后面的“I said I couldn’t stand it one minute longer.”可以看出，由于居住地恶劣的环境，作者打算放弃(give up)并准备回家。catch up赶上；keep up保持，维持；give up放弃；get up起床。

16．A.ought to B．might well

C．would rather D．had better

答案　C

解析　由该空所在句可知，作者在信中告诉父母，她一分钟也坚持不下去了，她宁愿(would rather)去蹲监狱。ought to应该；might well有可能；would rather宁愿；had better最好。

17．A.request B．call

C．question D．letter

答案　D

解析　由该段第一句中的“...I wrote to my parents.”可知，作者给自己的父母写了封信。request请求，要求；call通话，召唤；question问题；letter信。

18．A.comparison B．imagination

C．consideration D．memory

答案　D

解析　由下文可以看出，作者父亲的这两行话彻底改变了作者对生活的态度，所以这两行话总是在她的记忆(memory)里唱响。comparison对比；imagination想象；consideration考虑，体贴；memory记忆。

19．A.over and over B．by and by

C．up and down D．now and then

答案　A

解析　由上下文语境可知，作者收到父亲的信后反复(over and over)阅读，并为自己感到羞愧。over and over再三，反复；by and by不久，很快；up and down上上下下，来回；now and then不时，时常。

20．A.company B．occupation

C．situation D．relationship

答案　C

解析　由上文可知，空格所在句表示作者下定决心找到自己目前处境(situation)的优势。company陪伴，公司；occupation工作，占用；situation处境，状况；relationship关系。

21．A.movement B．reaction

C．guidance D．purpose

答案　B

解析　由该段内容可知，作者与当地人交朋友，而他们把最喜欢的艺术品作为礼物送给作者。他们的反应(reaction)让作者感到吃惊。movement运动，活动；reaction反应；guidance指导；purpose目的。

22．A.refused B．failed

C．managed D．happened

答案　A

解析　由上下文语境可知，当地人对作者作出的反应让作者感到吃惊，因为他们竟然舍得将拒绝(refuse)卖给游客的艺术品当作礼物送给作者。refuse拒绝；fail失败，不及格；manage管理；happen发生，碰巧。

23．A.asked B．hunted

C．waited D．headed

答案　B

解析　各选项均可与空格后的for构成短语。ask for请求，要求；hunt for寻找；wait for等待；head for前往……。由下文中的定语从句“...that had been left there millions of years ago...”可知，作者在沙漠里寻找(hunt for)几百万年前遗留下来的贝壳。

24．A.floor B．surface

C．rock D．level

答案　A

解析　由空格所在句“...when the sands of the desert had been an ocean .”可知，沙漠里的沙地曾经是海底(floor)。floor底部，地面；surface表面；rock岩石；level水平。

25．A.shocking B．challenging

C．puzzling D．astonishing

答案　D

解析　由上文可以看出，作者由最初的抱怨并打算放弃在沙漠中的生活，到后来接受自己的处境并学会欣赏生活中的美好可以看出，作者的变化是令人十分惊讶的(astonishing)。shocking骇人的；challenging具有挑战性的；puzzling令人迷惑的。

26．A.as B．but

C．for D．or

答案　B

解析　由上文可以看出，沙漠没有改变，但(but)作者发生了变化。as表原因；but表转折；for表原因；or表示出现相反的情况。

27．A.attitude B．principle

C．identity D．standard

答案　A

解析　由上文可以看出，作者由最初的不快乐到后来学会享受沙漠生活，完全是因为自己对生活的态度发生了改变。attitude态度；principle原则；identity身份，一致；standard标准。

28．A.vacation B．operation

C．affair D．adventure

答案　D

解析　所给选项中的adventure与该句中的experience相对应。vacation假期；operation操作，手术；affair事务，事件；adventure冒险，奇遇。

29．A.sought B．counted

C．found D．reached

答案　C

解析　作者将自己从最初感受到沙漠之苦到后来体验到沙漠生活的快乐的转变比喻为在自创的监狱里发现(find)了星星。seek寻找；count数数；find发现；reach到达。

Ⅳ.语法填空

(2018·全国Ⅲ)

I’m not sure 30. is more frightened，me or the female gorilla(大猩猩) that suddenly appears out of nowhere.I’m walking on a path in the forest in the Central African Republic.Unexpectedly，I’m facetoface with the gorilla，who begins screaming at 31. top of her lungs.That makes her baby scream，and then a 400pound male appears.He screams the 32. (loud) of all.The noise shakes the trees as the male beats his chest and charges toward me.I quickly lower myself，ducking my head to avoid 33. (look) directly into his eyes so he doesn’t feel 34. (challenge)．

My name is Mireya Mayor.I’m a 35. (science) who studies animals such as apes and monkeys.I was searching 36. these three western lowland gorillas I’d been observing.No one had seen them for hours，and my colleagues and I were worried.

When the gorillas and I frightened each other，I was just glad to find 37. (they) alive.True to a gorilla’s unaggressive nature，the huge animal 38. (mean) me no real harm.He was just saying：“I’m king of this forest，and here is your reminder！” Once his message was delivered，he allowed me 39. (stay) and watch.