八年级英语下册Lesson42教材内容详解冀教版
Lesson 42:It Only Takes a Moment !
只需要一会儿!
◆课文英汉对照
THINK ABOUT IT! 想一想!
●Have you ever written an e-mail? How often do you write e-mails to your friends?
你写过电子邮件吗?你经常给你的朋友发邮件吗?
●How do you send an e-mail? 你怎样发送邮件呢?
E-mail Instructions
电子邮件说明
Getting Started 准备开始
图片译文: E-mail lets you send and receive messages around the world in seconde ! 电子邮件让你在几秒之内发送和收到世界各地的信息! |
1. Turn on your computer and connect to the Internet。 打开电脑并连接上网。 2. Open your e-mail program. How do you do that? Sometimes, your screen will show a picture of 打开你的电子邮件程序。你怎样做? 有时,你的屏幕上将显示一个信封 an envelope or a letter. Click on that. A box will open on your screen. It will show you lots of 或者信的图标 点击它。 一个对话框会出现在你的屏幕上。里面有许多 pictures and words. This is your e-mail “menu.” 图片和单词。 这就是你的电子邮件“菜单”。 Sending E-mail 发送电子邮件 Do you want to send e-mail to somebody? 你想给某人发送电子邮件吗? 1. Click on “Compose / Send.” Another box will open. 点击“组合或者发送”按钮,屏幕上会跳出另一个对话框。 2. Click on “To.” Type the e-mail address of the person you want to receive the e-mail. 点击“收件人”。键入要接收你的邮件的人的电子邮件地址。 3. Click on “Subject.” Type a few words to describe your e-mail. 点击“主题栏”。输入你的邮件的主要内容。 4. Click on the “message” box. It’s the big, empty box on your screen. Type what you want to say- that’s your “message.” 点击“信息”窗口。它是屏幕上的一个容量很大的空的方框。键入你想说的,那就是你的邮件信息。 5. Click on “Send” in this box. Your message will be send to the person you address. 点击这个框里的“发送”。你的信息将会被发送到你想发送的人那里去。 Receiving E-mail 接收电子邮件 Do you want to receive e-mail somebody has sent you? 你想查看某人已经发给你的电子邮件吗? 1. Click on “Receive.” If you have new mail, you will see a list of messages. Then click on the message you want to read. 点击“收件箱”。如果你有新的邮件,将会看到一系列的信息。然后点击你想阅读的邮件。 2. When you have finished reading a message, click on “Close.” The box with the message will close – you won’t see it anymore! 当你读完信件,点击“关闭”,窗口将会关闭,你将不会再看到它。 |
图片译文: Look! I got an e-mail from my friend, Wu Hong. It’s always nice to hear from Wu Hong. 看!我收到朋友的一封邮件,吴鸿的,非常高兴能收到他的邮件。 |
LET’S DO IT! 做一做!
With a partner , make up a dialogue. One of you works in a big computer company . The other is a
找一个搭档,编一些对话。 你们其中的一个在一所大的电脑公司工作。另一个人是顾
customer . The worker tries to tell the customer how to use a computer to send and receive e-mail !
客。 这位工作人员试着告诉顾客怎么使用计算机发送和接收电子邮件!
◆重点难点详解
1. How often do you write e-mails to your friends?
你经常给你的朋友发邮件吗?
短语:how often 意为“多久,多长时间”,指某个动作重复发生的频率间隔,答语用“次数+时间”。
●—How often do you go to a novie ? 你多长时间去看一次电影?
—Once a month . 一个月一次。
友情提示:how long , how far 与how soon ①how long意为“多长”,指时间或物体的长度。 ●How long does it take you to do your homeword ever day ? 每天你用多少时间做作业? ②how far意为“离得多远,到什么程度” ●How far is it from here to the post office ? 从这儿到邮局有多远? ③how soon意为“(以后)多长时间”,提问将来的时间状语。 ●—How soon will he be back ? 他多久会回来? —In ten minutes . 10分钟后。 |
2.E-mail lets you send and receive messages around the world in seconde !
电子邮件让你在几秒之内发送和收到世界各地的信息!
⑴ 生词:receive v. 意为“接到;接收;接待;对某人(某物)做出反应”,其同义词为accept,反义词为send.
●—You will receive a warm welcome when you come to English.
你到英国时一定会受到热烈欢迎。
●—I received a letter from my friend . 我收到了朋友的一封来信。
帮你辨析:receive 与accept receive 与accept都有“接受”的意思,但也有区别。 ①receive意为“收到,接到”,单指收到某物这一动作,不包含收到者本身是否愿意接受的意思。 ●I like to receive presents on my birthday. 我喜欢收到生日礼物。 ●I received an invitation to the party yesterday , but I refused to accept it. 昨天我接到一份参加晚会的邀请,但我拒绝接受它。 ②accept意为“接受”,指经过考虑,由主观意志来决定接受。 ●He couldn’t accept our suggestions but our gifts. 他们不能接受我们的建议但接受了我们的礼品 ●She was very glad to accept the invitation. 她非常高兴地接受了邀请。 |
经典考题:认真选一选 When did you _____ the new ? A. received B. accepted C. receive D. accept 解析:句意为“你什么时候收到这个消息的?”在一般过去时态的疑问句中,动词用原形,排除A、B两个选项;receive是指客观上的收到,accept是指主观上的接受。本句中是指客观上收到,故应用receive。 答案:C |
3. Do you want to send e-mail to somebody ? 你想给某人发送电子邮件吗?
生词: somebody pron. 意为“有人;某人”
●—There’s somebody at the door . 门口有个人。
●—Somebody from your office phoned . 你办公室的人来过电话。
归纳总结:复合不定代词是由“some , any , no 或every 后加thing , one , body构成,在句中作主语、宾语、表语。作主语时,谓语动词要用单数形式。 ●—Who taught her Japanese ? 谁教她日语? —Nobody. She learned it by herself . 没有人教。她是自学的。 ●I’m sure I can smell something . 我肯定我可以闻到什么味儿。(something作宾语) ●Everything grows very quickly . 万物都生长得很快。(Everything作主语,谓语动词用单数) ●Does anybody live on his island ? 这个岛上有人吗?(anybody常用于疑问句中) |
经典考题:认真选一选 If _____needs help, they can ask me. A. somebody B. nobody C. someone D. anybody 解析:句意为“如果有人需要帮忙,可以来找我”。本句属于if引导的条件状语从句。在条件状语从句中,用anybody或anyone,而不用someone或somebody。故应用anybody。 答案:D |
4. Click on “Compose / Send .” Another box will open .
点击“写信/发信”。另外一个框就会打开。
⑴生词:click v. & n. 意为“(使某物)发出咔嗒声”
●—The door clicked shut . 门咔嗒一声关上了。
⑵短语:click on sth. 意为“点击……”
●—Click on the Internet icon . It will open on your screen .
点击因特网图标,它就会在你的屏幕上打开。
⑶生词:compose v. 意为“组成;创作”
●—She began to compose songs at an early age . 她年轻时就已开始创作歌曲。
●—I’m composing a formal reply to the letter . 我正在写一封郑重其事的回信。
5. Type the e-mail address of the person you want to receive the e-mail.
输入要接收你的邮件的人的电子邮件地址。
⑴person n. 人
●—Who is the person you were talking with just now ? 刚才同你讲话的那个人是谁?
帮你辨析:people 与 person ①people 泛指“人们”,着重指“全体”:the people指“人民”或确指的“人们”,a people 和peoples指“民族,种族”。 ●There are some people in the park . 公园里有一些人。 ●The Chinese people is a great people . 中华民族是一个伟大的民族。 ②person可以指 man , woman或 child ,其复数形式是persons 。 ●There are two persons / two people in the room. 房间里有两个人。 |
⑵语法:句中the person you want to receive the e-mail为定语从句,其中person为先行词,关系代词that省略了,因为先行词在从句中作宾语。
6. Your message will be sent to the person you address .
你的邮件将会被发送到收件人的邮箱里。
⑴生词:message n. 意为“消息;信息”
●—Would you mind giving him a message ? 请你给他带个口信好吗?
知识拓展:与message有关的短语 ①give a message 给传个信儿 ●I’ll give her a message. 我会给她带个口信的。 ②leave a message for sb. 给某人留个口信 ●May I leave a message for her ? 我可以给她留言吗? ③take a message for sb. 为某人捎个口信 ●Can you take a message for me ? 你能为我捎个信儿吗? |
帮你辨析:news , information与 message ①news有“消息,新闻”之意,是不可数名词,指公众感兴趣的、近来发生的事件,尤其是通过广播和电视所报道的事件。 ●I have some good news to tell you . 我有好消息要告诉你。 ②information意为“信息,情报”,是不可数名词,指通过学习、阅读、观赛等而得到的情报、信息。 ●He wanted to get new information for the computers . 他想得到有关计算机的新信息。 ③message意为“音信”,一般口头传达或书写的“消息”,是可数名词,其复数形式为messages。 ●I’ll leave a message on his desk . 我会在他桌子上留个字条。 |
经典考题:认真选一选 Can I take a message ___ you ? A. to B. for C. with D. of 解析:句意为“我可以给你捎个信吗?” take a message for sb.为固定搭配,意为“为某人捎个口信”,故应用for。 答案:B |
⑵生词:address v.& n.
①v. 意为“写信给(某人);向(某人或听众)讲话;对某人提出的(意见);称呼”
●—The chairman will now address the meeting . 现在由主席向到会者讲话。
●—Please address all complaints to the manager . 一切意见请向经理提出。
②n. 意为“住址;地址;通讯处;演说;演讲”
●—Tell me if you change your address . 如果你的地址改变了,请告诉我。
⑶语法:此句为一般将来时态的被动语态。英语有两种语态:主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是谓语动词动作的执行者,被动语态表示主语是谓语动词动作的承受者。被动语态的结构为:be+过去分词。一般将来时的被动语态的构成形式为:will be +动词的过去分词。
●—The composition will be finished in two hours . 两个小时之后这篇作文将被完成。
●—A factory will be built in the village next year. 明年将在这个村庄开办一家工厂。
7. If you have new mail , you will see a list of messages.
如果你有新的邮件,你将会看见信息单。
语法:If 作连词,意为“如果”,引导条件状语从句,如果主句是一般将来时或一般现在时,从句用一般现在时。
●—You will fail in the exam if you don’t work hard . 如果你不努力学习,你考试会不及格。
●—Please call me if you want to go there . 如果你想去那儿,请给我打电话。
8. When you have finished reading a message , click on “Close”.
当你看完信息后,点击“关闭”。
短语:finish意为“结束,完成”,后跟名词或动名词,即finish doing sth. ,意为“完成(做)某事”。
●—When does he finish his college course ? 他什么时候大学毕业?
●—I have finished doing my homework . 我已经完成家庭作业了。
知识拓展: 类似finish后面只能用v.-ing形式或名词,而不能用不定式作宾语的词还有:enjoy, keep , mind , practice , suggest , dislike , excuse , consider 等。 ●Do you enjoy playing football ? 你喜欢踢足球吗? ●They are practicing speaking English . 他们正在练习说英语。 |
经典考题:认真选一选 I haven’t finished ______ that book yet . A. to read B. read C. reading D. to reading 解析:句意为“我还没有读完那本书”。finish doing sth. 为固定短语,意为“完成(做)某事”,即finish后只跟动名词形式,故应用reading。 答案:C |
9. The box with the message will close ---you won’t see it anymore !
⑴语法:with the message 为介词短语作定语,修饰the box ,介词短语作定语修饰名词时常放在名词后。
●—The girl in the red hat is my sister. 戴红帽的那个女孩是我妹妹。
●—The picture on the right is more beautiful . 右边的那张画更漂亮。
⑵短语:not ... anymore 为固定短语,意为“不再,再没有”,该短语相当于no more .
●—She doesn’t live here anymore .
她不在这里住了。
●—I won’t go there any more . = I will no more go there . 我不再去那儿了。
⑶not ... anymore(no more)指数量或次数上的“不再”,一般情况下not ... anymore(no more)与非延续性动词连用。此外,not … anylonger = no longer 也意为“不再”。
10. It’s always nice to hear form Wu Hong ! 收到吴红的来信是一件高兴的事!
⑴短语:hear form 为固定短语,意为“收到……的来信”,相当于get / receive a letter / an e-mail / a phone from sb. 意为“收到某人的来信/邮件/电话”。
●—I often hear from my parents . 我经常收到父母的来信。
●—Have you heard from Li Ming recently ? 你最近收到李明的来信了吗?
知识拓展: ①hear from 还可意为“从……处得知” ●I have heard from your friends that you have gone to America . 我听你朋友说你去了美国。 ②hear of / about 意为“听说”,其后常接名词或代词。 ●I’ve never heard of the place . 我从未听说过那个地方。 ●I have heard of / about the news . 这个消息我听人说过。 ③hear sb. doing sth . 意为“听见某人正在做某事” ●I heard the girl singing in the next room . 我听见那个女孩正在隔壁唱歌。 ④hear sb. do sth. 意为“听见某人做了某事”,听见的是动作的全过程。 ●I heard him climb upstairs. 我听到他爬上了楼梯。 |
⑵句型:It is +形容词/名词(+for sb. )to do sth . 为固定句型,it为形式主语,不定式短语为真正的主语,表示“对某人来说做某事怎么样(是什么)”。
●—It is important for us to learn English . 学好英语对我们来说是很重要的。
●—It’s our duty to obey the traffic rules . 遵守交通规则是我们的职责。
归纳总结:It’s +形容词+to do sth. 中的of与 for It’s +形容词+to do sth.中常用of或 for来引出不定式的行为者(即:不定式的逻辑主语),究竟是用of sb.还是用 for sb. ,取决于前面的形容词。 ①若形容词是描述不定式行为者的性格、品质的用of sb,如kind , good , nice , right , wrong, clever , careless, polite , foolish 等。 ●It’s very kind of you to help me . 你能帮我,你真好。 ●It’s clever of you to work out the maths problem . 你真聪明,解出了这道题。 ②若形容词仅仅是描述事物,不是对不定式行为者的品格进行评价,用for sb. ,这类形容词还有difficult , easy , hard , important , dangerous , (in)possible 等。 ●It’s very dangerous for children to cross the busy street . 对孩子们来说,穿过繁忙的街道很危险。 ●It’s difficult for us to finish the work . 对我们来说,完成这项工作很困难。 ③of sb.句型通常都可以转化为不定式作状语的句子,但for sb.句型不可以。 ●It’s very nice of you to offer me a seat . = You are nice to offer me a seat . 十分感谢你给我让座。 ●It is careless of him to lose so many things .= He is careless to lose so many things. 他丢了这么多东西,真是太粗心了。 ●It’s very important for you to practice your oral English in daily life. 在日常生活中练习你的英语口语非常重要。 这句话不能说成:It is very important of you to practice…(误) |
经典考题:认真选一选 ①I look forward to _____ you in the near future. A . hear from B. hearing about C. hearing from D. hear about 解析:句意为“我盼望在不久的将来收到你的信”。look forward to为固定短语,意为“盼望”,后跟动名词形式,故可排除A、D两个选项。hear about意为“听说”,hear from意为“收到……的来信”,故应用hearing from。 答案:C ②It is really kind _____ you to help me with my English. A. of B. to C. for D. with 解析:句意为“你能帮我学英语,你真是太好了”。it在本句中作形式主语,动词不定式为真正的主语。Kind为描述you的品格或性格特征,故用介词of。 答案:A ③It’s important _____ the piano well . A. of him to play B. for him to play C. of him playing D. for him playing 解析:句意为“对你来说,弹好钢琴很重要。”句中的it是形式主语,真正的主语是后面的动词不定式短语to play the piano well,由此可排除C、D两个选项。此句中形容词important仅仅是描述事物,不是对不定式行为者的品格进行评价,故应用for sb.。 答案:B |
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