2014新版深圳牛津版九年级英语上Unit 2Great minds 知识点讲解
Unit 2 Great minds课文
Word changes:
fiction(n.)—fictional (adj. 虚构的, 小说的)—fictionist(n. 小说家, 创作家)
genius(n. 天才、才能) talent, gift idiot白痴
gift(n. 天赋)= talent(n. 才能)--- n. 礼物) = present
gifted(adj. 有天赋的, 有才华的)
universe(n. 宇宙)—universal(adj. 普遍的,通用的,宇宙的)
work(v. 运行)--- n. 工作a piece of work
works n. 工厂(视为单数) a gas works 文学艺术作品(视为复数 )
curiosity(n. )--- curious(adj. 好奇的)--- curiously ( adv.好奇地)
humour/ humor (n. 幽默)—humorous (adj. 幽默的)
theory(n. 理论)--- theoretical (adj. 理论上的)----
theoretically(adv.理论上)--- theorist (n. 理论家)
theory of relativity: [物]相对论
distant(adj.)--- distance(n. 距离)
perfectly(adv.完美地)--- perfect(adj. 完美的)---
perfection(n. 完美)--- perfectionist(n. 完美主义者)
applause(n. 鼓掌)--- applaud (v. 鼓掌、赞扬)--- applausive(adj. 拍手欢呼的 )
wood n. 木头 woods 树林，森林 wooden adj. 木制的
13. receptionist n. 接待员 receive v. 收到 receipt n. 收据 receiver n. 听筒
purpose n. 目的, 意图; vt. 打算, 决意
purposeful adj. 有目的的，有决心的 purposeless adj. 无目的
14.observatory n. 天文台---observe v. 观察---
observation n. 观察 ---observer n. 观察者
15. research n. v. 研究；调查researcher n. 研究人员
16. harmless adj. 无害的 ---harmful adj. 有害的 ---
harmfully adv. 有害地 --- harm n. v. 伤害
17. regard n. 关心; 考虑, 问候; vt. 视为; 尊重; 注视,
regards n. 问候；致意 best regards
18. astronomy ---astronomer 天文学家
astronomical (adj.)天文学的,天体的
19. enter (v.) 进入 = come into entrance (n.) 入口
20. produce (vt. & vi.)生产--producer (n.) 生产者, 制造
product ( n.) 产品
21. fortune n. 庞大的财富, 财产
n. 机会, 运气, 转机 = luck
( adj ) fortunate –fortunately (adv.)
unfortunate ---unfortunately
luck—lucky—luckily unlucky—unluckily
22. outstand v.〈古〉忍耐,停留,凸出,突出,
卓然独立
outstanding adj.突出的; 杰出的
23 encourage—encouragement
24.daydream –daydreaming
phrases
1.regard…as = consider...as=think of…as 把……视为/当作
2.a gift for= a talent for = a present for有……的天赋
3.attempt to do sth.=try to do sth. 尝试做某事
4.have a sense of humor=be humorous 有幽默感
5.work out = solve=deal with 解决，处理（问题）
6.work= operate =run 操作 运行
7.on one’s way to sw. 在去往…的路上
8.receive an invitation 收到邀请
9. give a lecture =make a lecture=have a talk/speech 做演讲
10.let sb down = disappoint sb.= make sb. disappointed 让某人失望
11.What is the distance= How far is it 多远
12.perfectly=without any mistake 完美地
13.be pleased with sth =be satisfied with 让…满意
It’s a pleasure (for sb) to do sth 有幸/荣幸做某事
14.learn sth. by heart= know sth. by heart =remember=memorize熟记
15.lead sb to =take sb to 带某人去
lead to sth.= cause sth. 导致，引起
16.find out=discover 找到 发现
17.be in trouble in doing sth.= have difficulty in doing sth. 做某事有麻烦/困难
18.In fact=Actually =As a matter of fact
19.offer sth. for sb. =offer sb, sth.=supply sb. with sth. =supply sth. to sb.
=provide sb. with sth.=provide sth. for sb. 提供某人某物
20.so + adj. + that从句=too + adj. to do
= such + n. + that从句
21.join in the applause=take part in the applause加入到鼓掌中
22.have no idea+宾从= don’t know+宾从 不知道
23.take/leave a message 带/留口信
24.in reply to sth.= to answer sth. 回复 回答
25.be in trouble / danger 处于困难或危险中
26. in fact / as a matter of fact 实际上；事实上
27.have ability to do sth. 有能力做……
28. plan to do sth. 计划做……
29. go on a trip to … 去…进行旅行
30. need ( want / require ) to be done/need doing 需要被做…….
31. all sorts of trouble 各种困难
32. work as 任…职, 当…
33. call sb. back= return one’s call 回某人电话
34. put sb. through to sb. 为...接通（电话）到..
35. at the beginning of 在……的开始时
36. make sure 确信
37. do a research on ... 做有关…….的研究
38. at the entrance of.. 在……入口处
39. leave behind sth 身后留下……
25.
II. Paraphrasing:
1. I don’t know how I can improve my English.
I don’t know how to improve my English.
2. We don’t want to make our teacher disappointed.
We don’t want to let our teacher down.
3. Jack made a perfect answer and the professor was very pleased.
Jack answered perfectly and the professor was very pleased.
4.I’m so tired that I can’t finish my homework today.
I’m too tired to finish my homework today.
5. Charlie Chaplin was a man with a sense of humor.
Charlie Chaplin was a man who was good at making people laugh.
6. Hans has learnt the lecture by heart.
Hans has remembered the lecture.
7. Hans gave the lecture perfectly instead of Einstein.
Hans gave the lecture without any mistakes instead of Einstein.
8. The question is so easy that even my driver knows the answer.
The question is easy enough for my driver to know the answer.
9. Einstein received invitations from the professors in the universities to explain his theories.
The professors in the universities invited Einstein to explain his theories.
10. I regard him as my best friend and we share everything in life.
I consider him as my best friend and we share everything in life.
11. Einstein had the gift of curiosity.
Einstein had the talent of curiosity.
12. Einstein was pleased to drive a genius like Hans.
Einstein felt happy to drive a genius like Hans.
13. He offered me a glass of wine.
13. He gave me a glass of wine.
II．同义短语。
1.a sense of humor. = humorous 幽默
2.regard ….as…= think of…as… = look on …as…. = consider ..as 把…当作
3.let sb down = make sb disappointed
4.decide to do = make decision to do = make up one’s mind to do 决定做某事
5.be surrounded by = form a circle round
6.learn …by heart = remember= memorize
7.offer sb sth = offer sth to sb
8.shortly = soon = in a short while
9. perfectly.=without any mistake
10.have a talent for = have a genius for = have a natural ability for
11.attempt to do = try to do
12.lead to = cause
13.join in = take part in
难点全解
1. Many people consider Albert Einstein a genius. ★★
consider及物动词，意为“认为；觉得”。consider sb./ sth.(as) sth.意为“认为某人/某物是···”。
英汉互译：
他认为自己是一个了不起的人。 ________________________________
They were considered as heroes. ______________________________
另外，consider后还可接that从句。
He considered that we could do the work well. _________________________
拓展：consider 意为“考虑”，相当于think about, 其后可接名词、代词、动词-ing形式、从句
或“疑问词+不定式”作宾语。但其后不能接跟动词不定式作宾语。
例句：You’d better consider my suggestion. _____________________________
We are consider going to Hainan next year. ._______________________
He has never considered how to solve the problem.
__________________________________
2. This story about him shows that he also had a sense of humour.
sense 可数名词，意为“感觉；理解力；判断力”通常用单数。sense of humour (幽默感)。
根据汉语完成句子：
张老师非常幽默。 Mr Zhang has a very good _______ ________ _______.
她没有方向感。 She didn’t have a ________ ________ ________.
humour 不可数名词，意为“幽默”
I like such stories full of humour. _____________________________
拓展：humorous 形容词，意为“滑稽有趣的；有幽默感的”。
He had a wide mouth and humorous eyes.
____________________________________
3. Einstein often received invitations to explain his theories at different universities.
辨析：receive 和accept
一言变异：He received a gift but he didn’t accept it.
invitation名词，意为“邀请；请柬”。用法：后常接to sth.或to do sth.
My father had an invitation to visit his friend in Beijing.
____________________________________
拓展：invite动词，意为“邀请”。常见用法有：
invite sb. to......邀请某人去（某地/某一活动）
我们邀请高老师来参加我们的聚会。
_______________________________________________
invite sb. to do sth.邀请某人做某事
他们邀请我和他们一起去上海。
________________________________________________
4. It’s a pleasure to drive a genius like you , Dr Einstein.
pleasure 在此用作可数名词，意为“乐事；快事”。It’s a pleasure to do sth.表示“做某事是一
件乐事”
辨析：pleasure, pleasant, pleased
填词：
It’s a __________ to hear from you.
Reading bring me great __________.
③ What a ___________ trip!
④ The mother were very _________ with her two daughters.
5. I wish I could avoid giving my lecture tonight, Hans, but I don’t want to let my
audience down.
avoid 动词，意为“避免；避开”。avoid doing sth. 意为“避免做某事”。另外，avoid还可
以接名词或代词作宾语。但avoid后不能接动词不定式作宾语。
We got up early to avoid missing the early bus.
She tried to avoid all the problems.
lecture 可数名词，意为“讲座；演讲”。give a lecture 意为“讲课；演讲”；
attend a lecture意为“听讲座”
那位科学家给我们讲课了。 The scientist _______ ________ ________to us.
你听了那个有关马克·吐温的讲座了吗？
Did you ________ _______ ________ ______ Mark Twain.
let sb. down意为“使/令某人失望”。
昨天她让我们大失所望。 __________________________
6. look for& find& find out
look for “寻找；寻求”强调过程; find “找到；发现”，强调结果；find out 表示经过调查、
探听后发现.。
试题： What are you ________？
Finally, they _______ the lost child.
At last, we ________ who stole the watch.
Have you ________ when the train will arrive?
7. I’ ve listened to your lecture so many times that I’ve learnt it by heart.
so adj\adv + that “如此...以至于”（用来修饰形容词或副词）
so many/few +复数可数名词+ that
我犯了如此多的错误，以至于我没能通过这次考试。
so much/little + 不可数名词＋that
我有如此少的钱，以至于不能卖任何东西。
That’s such an easy question that even my driver can answer it.
such +a\an +adj +可数名词单数+that “如此...以至于”（用来修饰名词）
= so +adj+a\an +可数名词单数+that
他是如此聪明的一个男孩以至于每个人都喜欢他。
such +adj +复数可数名词+that
这些数学题如此难以至于我做不出来。
such +adj +不可数名词+that
这个工作如此艰巨以至于很少有人能按时完成。
8. Now we’re in trouble.
(be) in trouble 意为“处于困境；倒霉”。
如果他不能按时完成工作，他就会倒霉了。
_______________________________________________
have trouble with...在···方面有麻烦/问题。
Maybe you will have trouble with your English, but never give up.
_____________________________________________________
have trouble (in) doing sth. 作某事有困难
I have some trouble in reading her letter.
____________________________________________________
9. learn…by heart背诵，用心记
例句：I’ve listened to it so many times that I’ve learnt it by heart. (L21, P103)
我已经听了很多次了以致于我都背下了它。
试题： I have read the poem so many times that I can _______ it _______ .
10. Doctors warn people to avoid too much sun this summer
too much +不可数名词
too many+不可数名词复数
much too +形容词
11. Dr yang one of the cleverest women in the world.
one of the+形容词最高级+复数可数名词，表示“最...之一”
随堂练习
一．根据句意、首字母或汉语提示写出单词，补全句子。
1. We should help those people in __________. ( 困境 )
2. He says he has a wonderful sense of h_______.
3. Peter won an a______ for his wonderful performance in the show.
4. I’ve listened to your l________ so many times that I’ve learnt it by heart.
5. His face turned p_______ when he heard the news.
6. My brother is interested in the u________. He wants to be an astronomer when he
grows up.
7. As a students, you should o_______ the school rules.
8. We ‘re going to have a party at Danny’s house ________ ( 今晚 )
9. You look _______（苍白的）. What’s the matter with you ?
10. Mr Wang didn’t accept our __________ ( 邀请 ) to the meeting.
二．用所给单词的适当形式填空。
1. It’s a pleasure _______ ( go ) for a walk with you.
2. He described his travel in South America in a ________ ( humour ) way.
3. The lady refused his ________ ( invite ) to the dinner party.
4. I ________ ( listen ) to this piece of music many times.
5. It’s hard to avoid __________ ( meet ) his as it is such a small village.
6. It’s my __________ ( please ) to help you with the luggage.
7. Einstein took a seat, listened to Hans give his lecture without ________ ( difficult ).
8. The Guang-Shen highway _________ ( reduce ) the distance between Guangzhou
and Shenzhen.
9. Heavy ______ ( applaud ) broke out as soon as she finished speaking.
10. There are many ________ ( theory ) about the origin of life.
三、释义题
1. You should cheer up and let your parents down.
A. make your parents happy B. make your parents excited
C. make your parents angry D. make your parents disappointed
2. People usually make fun of their friends on April Fool’s Day.
A. play jokes on B. have fun with C. play with D. tell some jokes to
3. We will take part in social practice during the summer vacation.
A. join B. join in C. be in D. do
4. I avoided him as much as possible.
A. keep away from B. put away from C. give away from D. through away from
5. I don’t quite catch what you said at the meeting.
A. miss B. hear C. have D. understand
6, if you don’t obey the rules at school, you will be punished.
A, improve B, follow C, break
7, why didn’t tony come to the party last night?
---I have know idea.
A, don’t know B, don’t care C, don’t think so
8,tony is an honest boy and I think you can trust him.
A, consider B, displace C, believe
9, who gave a lecture in the hall yesterday afternoon?
----Some top students in our school. They shared their study experience with us.
A, class B, speech C, show
10,you shouldn’t play a joke on jack because he is a serious boy.
A, pay attention to B, make fun of C, depend on
11, you looked serious. what happened to you?
----Please take a seat. I have something to tell you
A, stand up B, enjoy yourself C, sit down
12. Finally, Linda won first prize in the competition without difficulty.
A, easily B, slowly C, carefully
13, How many students will join in the game in your class?
---More than twenty
A, watch B, think about C, take part in
14,sam’s friend consider him an excellent tennis player in the club.
A, introduce him to B, compare him with C, think of him as
15,what are going to do tonight?
A, later B, tomorrow C, this evening
四、单项选择题（知识点）
1. If you don’t study hard, you’ll your parents .
A.let;down B.write;down C.look;up D.cheer;up
2. --We can use MSN to talk with each other on the Internet.
--Really ? Will you please show me _______ it ?
A. what to use B. how to use C. how can I use D. what I use
3. There was a large box behind the door and Peter couldn’t ________ falling over it in the
darkness.
A. help B. resist C. avoid D. prevent
4. You study hard you‘re sure to pass the exam.
A. enough ; to B.as ; as C.so;that D.such;that
5. Beijing has________ many cars that there is often traffic jam in rash hours.
A. so B. very C. too D. such
6. Steven,could you help me ______when the plane will take off on the Internet?
A.get on B. find out C. look for D. look after
7. --Would you like camping with me？
--I’d like to .But I‘m busy my homework.
A. to go ; to do B. to go ; doing C. going ; to do D.going ; doing
8. The little boy his seat to an old lady on the crowded bus.
A.lent B.offered C. took D. Brought
9. Some students spend _______ time on the Internet. They forget to study, eat and
sleep.They can’t even communicate with people in real life.
A. too many B. many too C. too much D. much too
10. What did Lily tell you just now ? She asked me _______ others her secret.
A. to tell not B. not to tell C. don’t tell D. not tell
11. He lost his key.It made him _______ in the cold to wait for his wife’s return.
A. to stay B. stayed C.stays D. stay
五，英汉互译；
1. 幽默感 ___________________ 2. 在某人去...的路上 ____________________
3. 做演讲 ___________________ 4. 使...失望 ____________________
5. 听某人做某事 _____________ 6.如此...以至于 _________________
7. 单凭记忆，能背诵__________ 8. 弄清，查明 ______________
9. 坐下_____________________ 10.轻而易举 ____________________
11. 参加 _____________________ 12.最后_____________________
13. 不知道 _____________________ 14.处于困境中_____________________
15. 远离..._____________________ 16. 避免做某事 ____________________
17. 变得___________________ 18. 想要做某事 ____________________
19. 警告某人做某事_________________ 20. 主动提出做某事 ____________________
21. 使某人做某事 _______________ 22. 让某人做某事____________________
六，翻译
1， 他学习英语毫不费力（have no difficulty in\without difficulty）
2， 尽量避免喝酒喝抽烟(avoid doing\try to do)
3， 谢谢你的盛情邀请(thank sb.for)
4， 帮助你是一件快乐的事(it’s a pleasure )
5， 这个问题如此困难以至于几乎无人能够回答(so …that …\such..that…)
七．完型填空。
The sea looks very beautiful when the sun ___1___ on it. It can be very terrible when there is a ___2___ wind.
The sea is very ___3___. It covers three quarters(3/4) of the earth. The sea is also very ___4___ in some places. There is one place, the sea is about 11 kilometers deep there. ___5___ mountain in the world is about 9 kilometers high. If that mountain was ___6___ the sea at that place, there would be still 2 kilometers of water ___7___ it!
In most parts of the sea, there are ___8___ fishes and plants. Some live near the top of the sea. Others live deep down. There are also a lot of small living things. Lots of fishes live by ___9___ them.
The sea can be very ___10___. When people go down, the sea becomes colder and colder. Only some men can go down into the deep sea. But, in 1970, five women scientists lived in the deep sea for fourteen days.
( )1. A. was shining B. is shining C. shone D. shines
( )2. A. heavy B. strong C. weak D. gentle
( )3. A. big B. small C. not big D. the biggest
( )4. A. deeply B. deeper C. deepest D. deep
( )5. A. Highest B. The High C. The highest D. The high
( )6. A. putting into B. take out C. put into D. taking out
( )7. A. in B. above C. on D. over
( )8. A. plenty of B. a little C. a few D. a lot
( )9. A. eating B. taking C. putting D. killing
( )10. A. hot B. warm C. cool D. cold
八.阅读理解。
Dr. Irene Pepperberg, a scientist at the University of Arizona, has worked with Alex for nine—ten years. Teaching Alex to speak and understand wasn’t easy at first. He had to learn one word at the time. Irene and an assistant (助手) would teach Alex by showing him what a word meant. Irene would hold up an object. Saying “What’s this?” Her assistant would give the word --"candy”, for example--while Alex watched. Irene would praise her assistant , then ask Alex the name of the object. When he got it right, Irene would praise him and give him the object to play with as a reward. It took Alex many weeks to learn his first word. After that, each new word became easier and easier for him. Why did Irene spend so much time getting a parrot to talk? Scientists like Irene are interested in discovering how intelligent animals are and how their brains work. But studying animal intelligence has always been difficult, partly because animals haven’t been able to communicate clearly with humans. Teaching Alex to speak words that he understands has let Irene talk to him directly. She can ask him questions, and he can answer them in English. In this way, Irene is finding out that kinds of things Alex’s brain can do. She has found that parrots are much smarter than scientists used to think.( )1．According to the passage, how is Alex remarkable (不寻常的) ? A．He can use the English language to answer questions. B．He uses words in English instead of bird calls to call other birds. C．He can copy the pronunciations of more than 100 English words. D．Alex has a brain that is much bigger than those of other parrots.( )2．How did Dr. Pepperberg teach Alex to speak with understanding? A．She said the same word all day long so that Alex could repeat it. B．She taught Alex a special sign language. C．She gave Alex rewards if he would say what she said. D．She gave Alex a candy every time he answered correctly.
( )3．Why did Dr. Pepperberg teach Alex to speak with understanding? A．She wanted to prove it could be done. B．She wanted to provide a model for people who want talking birds. C．She wanted to find out how many words parrots could remember. D．She wanted to find out what kinds of things his brain could do.( )4．According to the passage, Alex has proved that . A．birds are not the only animals that can learn a language B．parrots are much cleverer than scientists used to think C． birds are just as intelligent as humans D．teaching parrots to speak a human language isn’t very difficult
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