Word List 1 Geography:
Endemic
:growing or existing in a certain place or region
:common in a particular area or field
Flaw=Cleft=Crevice
1: a sudden brief burst of wind
2a: a defect in physical structure or form
b:an imperfection or weakness and especially one that detracts from the whole or hinders effectiveness
3:to become defective
Contour
:the outline or outer edge of something
Word List 2 Geology:
Vein
:any one of the tubes that carry blood from parts of the body back to the heart
:any one of the thin lines that can be seen on the surface of a leaf or on the wing of an insect
:a long, narrow opening in rock filled with gold, silver, etc.
Pit
1a(1):a hole, shaft, or cavity in the ground (2):mine (3):a scooped-out place used for burning something(such as charcoal)
b:an area often sunken or depressed below the adjacent floor area: such as(1):an enclosure in which animals are made to fight each other(2):a space at the front of a theater for the orchestra (3):an area in a securities or commodities exchange in which members trade
2a:(the ~)hell
b:a place or situation of futility, misery, or degradation
c:pits: worst
3:a hollow or indentation especially in the surface of an organism:such as
a:a natural hollow in the surface of the body
b:one of the indented scars left in the skin by a pustular disease
c:a minute depression in the secondary wall of a plant cell functioning in the inter cellular movement of water and dissolved material
4:(the ~s)any of the areas alongside an auto racecourse used for refueling and repairing the cars during a race
Bonanza
:something that produces very good results for someone or something
:a large amount of something valuable
Petrify
:to make (someone) very afraid
:to slowly change(something, such as wood)into stone or a substance like stone over a very long period of time
Tremor
:a shaking movement of the ground before or after an earthquake
:a slight shaking movement or sound that is caused especially by nervousness, weakness, or illness
:a feeling of uncertainty or insecurity
Litho-
:stone
Squirt=Spurt
:to suddenly force (a liquid)out through a small opening
:to make (someone or something)wet with a stream of liquid
Word List 3 Animal:
Gregarious
:enjoying the company of other people
biology:tending to live in groups
Swarm=Throng=Horde
:a very large number of insects moving together
Poikilotherm
:an organism(such as a frog)with a variable body temperature that tends to fluctuate with and is similar to or slightly higher than the temperature of its environment-->a cold-blooded organism
Rodent
:a small animal(such as a mouse, rat, squirrel, or beaver)that has sharp front teeth
Mollusk
biology:any one of a large group of animals(such as snails and clams)that have a soft body without a backbone and that usually in a shell
Coelenterate
:any of a phylum of radially symmetrical invertebrate animals including the corals, sea anemones, jellyfishes and hydroids --called also cnidarian
Amphibian
:an animal (such as a frog or toad)that can live both on land and in water
:an airplane or vehicle that can be used both on land and water
Gasp=Gulp
:to breathe in suddenly and loudly with your mouth open because of surprise, shock, or pain
:to breathe with difficulty
:to say something with quick, difficult breaths
Dormant
:not doing anything at this time
:not active but able to become
Spawn
:to produce or lay eggs in water
:to cause something to develop or begin
:to produce or create something
Hibernate
Of an animal:to spend the winter sleeping or resting
Camouflage
:a way of hiding something(such as military equipment)by painting it or covering it with leaves or branches to make it harder to see
:the green and brown clothing that soldiers and hunters wear to make them harder to see
:something(such as color or shape)that protects an animal from attack by making the animal difficult to see in the area around it
Niche
:an environment that has all the things that a particular plant or animal needs in order to live
:a job, activity, etc., that is very suitable for someone
:the situation in which a business’s products or services can succeed by being sold to a particular king or group of people
Canary
:a small usually yellow or green tropical bird that is often kept in a cage
Chameleon
:a type of lizard that can change the color of its skin to look like the colors that are around it
:a person who often changes his or her beliefs or behavior in order to please others or to succeed
Larva
:a very young form of an insect that looks like a worm
Antenna
:a thin sensitive organ on the head of an insect, crab, etc., that is used mainly to feel and touch things
:a device(such as a wire or a metal rod)for sending or receiving radio or television signals
antennae(pl.):a special sensitivity or receptiveness
Tentacle
:one of the long, flexible arms of an animal(such as an octopus)that are used for grabbing things and moving
:power or influence that reaches into many areas
Spleen
:an organ located near stomach that destroys worn-out red blood cells and produces white blood cells
:feelings of anger
Spine=Backbone
:the row of connected bones down the middle of the back
:a sharp, pointed part on an animal or plant
:courage or strength of character
Grease-->Greasy=Oily
:melted animal fat
:an oily substance
Sponge
:a piece of light natural or artificial material that becomes soft when it’s wet, is able to take in and hold liquid, and is used for washing or cleaning
:a type of sea animal from which natural sponges are made
:someone who gets something from someone else without doing or paying anything in return
Word List 4 Law
Illicit=Awful=Illegal
:not allowed by law :unlawful or illegal
:involving activities that are not considered morally acceptable
Default=Nonfulfilment
:a failure to make a payment(such as a payment on a loan)
law:failure to appear in court
computers:a setting, option, etc., that a computer uses if you don’t choose a different one
Infringe=Encroach=Intrude
:to do something that doesn’t obey or follow(a rule, law, etc.)
:to wrongly limit or restrict(something, such as another person’s rights)
Mandatory=Obligatory=Compulsory
:required by a law or rule
Heirship
:
Jurisdiction
:
Arbitration
:Confiscate=Seize
:
Convict=Penalize=Prove
:
Captivity
:
Extenuate=Diminish=Lessen
:
Saddle=Burden=Load
:
Plaintiff
:
Flee=Escape
:
Proscribe=Ban=Forbid=Forestall
:
Abstinence
:
Abstain
:
Stipulate=Set=Specify
:
Abide=Adhere=Observe
:
Impeach=Accuse
:
Indictment=Accusation=Charge
:
Prosecute=Accuse=Charge
:
Lawsuit
:
Query=Inquiry
:
Interrogate
:
Exempt=Prevent=Immune/=Excused
:
Condone=Forgive=Pardon
:
Acquit=Exonerate=Vindicate
:
Clause
:
Prescribe=Dictate
:
Credential=Reference=Certificate
:
Enact=Impersonate
:
Word List 5 Chemistry
Hackneyed=Stale=Mouldy
:not interested, funny, etc., because of being used too often
:not fresh or original
Caustic=Abrasive=Corrosive
:able to destroy or burn something by chemical action
:very harsh and critical
Rust=Oxidize
:a reddish substance that forms on iron or some other metal usually when it comes in contact with moisture or air
:a disease that causes plants to develop reddish-brown spots
:a reddish-brown color
:to become rusty
Methane
:a colorless gas that has no smell and that can be burned for fuel
Catalysis-->Catalyst
:a modification and especially increase in the rate of a chemical reaction induced by material unchanged chemically at the end of the reaction
Scorch=Discolor
:to burn a surface of so as to change its color and texture
:to dry or shrivel with or as if with intense heat
:to afflict painfully with censure or sarcasm
:to travel at great and usually excessive speed
:a damaged area or mark that is cause by burning
Bleach=Blanch=Whiten
:to remove color or dirt and stains from (hair, clothing, etc.)especially through the effect of sunlight or by using chemicals :to make something whiter or lighter in color
Tint=Tinge=Hue
:dye used to change the color of hair
:an act of changing the color of hart by using dye
:a small amount of color
Hydronic
:of, relating to, or being a system of heating or cooling that involves transfer of heat by a circulating fluid(such as water or vapor)in closed system of pipes
Kindle=Ignite=Inflame
:to start(a fire) burning
:to stir up<kindle a child’s interest in art>
:to bring into being
:to cause to glow
:to catch fire
:to flare up
Sear
:being dried and withered
:to burn and damage the surface of (something) with strong and sudden heat
:to cook the surface of (something, such as a piece of meat)quickly with intense heat
Word List 6 Environment
Noxious=Poisonous=Toxic
:harmful to living things
Fume
:smoke or gas that smells unpleasant
Fauna
biology:all the animals that live in a particular area, time period, or environment
Decibel(dB)
:a unit for how loud a sound is
Word List 7 Education
Didactic=Instructive
:designed or intended to teach people something ---used to describe someone or something that tries to teach something(such as proper or moral behavior)in a way that is annoying or unwanted
Sermon=Speech
:a speech about a moral or religious subject that is usually given by a religious leader
:a serious talk about how someone should behave
Instill=Infuse=Impart
:to gradually cause someone to have(an attitude, feeling, etc.)
:to teach(someone)in a way that improves the mind or character
Eight Planets in the Solar System
Disambiguation解疑
:
Deity神，神性
:
Phase相，阶段
:
Synodic会合的，朔望的
:
Proximity亲近
:
Eccentricity离心率；古怪
:
Diurnal每天的；白天的
:
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