如何看待学术权威

发布时间：2012-03-11 16:13:14 来源：文档文库

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如何看待学术权威

What is Academic Authority?

所谓的权威，按照字面解释就是指有权力、有威望的少数人。学术权威，即是指在某个学术领域内对相关学术审定、鉴定、评价、裁定等方面拥有重要的发言权，在某个或某些学科方面拥有较大的话语权的人。

Authority refers to a few people who is powerful and has high prestige literally. Academic authority refers to the people who has an important voice in some special academic area and can do evaluation, judgment, examination and identification or some people who has discourse power in special academic area.

我们认为，学术权威在某个时段、某个学术领域、某个方面有一定的权威性，但学术的权威性是很有限的。严格说来，“学术权威”是个虚假概念。所谓“权威”实际上是从政治、军事领域中移用过来的。政治上、军事上应该有权威，甚至必须有权威。但这样的“权威”在学术上是行不通的。学术发展决不能靠某个人的话语、命令、指令来解决。

We think that academic authority has its authority statement in some time or some area. But it is limited. Strictly speaking, “Academic Authority” is only a false concept. “Authority” is actually transferred from political or military concept. On political and military area, there is and must be authority. However, this “authority” cannot be used on academy. Academic development must not be depend on some one’s words or order.

学术权威无疑享有较高的威望，但学术权威并不不是学术霸权。同时，学术权威在学术领域都是有“立”有“破”的。所谓“立”，指学术权威在学术上提出的有价值的新理论、新学说；所谓“破”，指学术权威在学术上对于旧理论、旧学说的合理批判。因此，我们应该辩证的看待学术权威，既要尊重权威，虚心学习，又要敢于独立思考，挑战权威，这样才能积极推进学科发展。

Undoubtedly, Academic Authority is really has its prestige. However, authority is not hegemony. At the same time, Academic Authority in some areas has its own “ creation” and “breaking (tradition)”

“creation” refers to new theory. “breaking” means criticizing old theory. So, we should regard Academic Authority dialectically—respect and study modestly. With the attitude of thinking independently and challenging authority we can promote development of science actively.

同时，科学事业的真谛在于追求真理。一个平等参与、公平竞争的文化环境, 对于我们国家的科技发展来说极为重要。由于知识更新加快, 新一代人才从小学到大学、到研究生, 他们的知识结构已更新几个轮回。在这种条件下, 人们对在小生产条件下形成的对权威的崇拜会进一步弱化。过去那种在科研中做事、评价和决策最终取决于权威的习惯做法, 应当让位于科学、民主的方式和机制。我们应当加强科学的批判精神, 努力克服传统文化中中庸思想的消极方面。我们的学者面对自己的导师、同行、学术前辈和学术权威,往往总是碍于情面, 不具备应有的科学批判或学术批判意识。我们的科研项目几乎无一失败, 并且往往总是“国际先进, 国内领先”等等, 这完全不符合科学探索的客观规律。