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发布时间:2023-10-06 13:05:16   来源:文档文库   
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初中英语知识点:句子的分类
句子的分类(一) 教学重点
简单句及简单句的五种基本句型 1SVC结构(主语+系动词+表语)
在这种句型中,动词必须是系动词,在动词之后跟有表语。表语可以是名词(词组)形容词(词组)副词(词组)等。如:
The teacher is kind. She looks fine. My son became a doctor at last.
系动词除be外,常见的还有keep, look, feel, smell, sound, taste, grow, get, go, turn
2SV结构(主语+不及物动词)
(1 在这个结构中,动词是不及物动词,动词后边没有宾语,如:
My head aches. He is singing.
(2 有些动词后边必须带有状语,否则意思就不明确。如: The professor lives in Beijing. We stayed in China for a few days.
常见的不及物动词有:sleep, walk, swim, happen, take place, go, come, work, laugh, stay.
3SVO结构(主语+及物动词+宾语)
在这个结构中,谓语动词必须是及物动词,在动词后边跟有


宾语。
He can drive a car. They speak English.
有些不及物动词后面加上介词或副词可以把它看成一个及物动词,这时后边可接宾语。
Please listen to me carefully.
4SVOO结构(主语+动词+间接宾语+直接宾语) (1 双宾语结构 在这个结构中,动词是带有双宾语(直接宾语和间接宾语)的及物动词。直接宾语多指物,间接宾语多指人。常用的带有双宾语的动词有:give, send, tell, bring, lend, buy, teach, get, call, do, ask, wish, offer等。
He gave the inspector his passport. My father taught us English. (2 宾语的位置
间接宾语一般放在直接宾语之前,但是,如果为了强调间接宾语或者由于间接宾语较长,常把间接宾语放在直接宾语之后,这时要在间接宾语的前面加上适当的介词。如:
The old man bought his daughter a nice scarf. The old man bought a nice scarf for his daughter. Give the teacher this book.=Give this book to the teacher. 5SVOC结构(主语+动词+宾语+宾语补足语) 在这种结构中,宾语补足语是用来补充说明宾语的。 (1 在某些及物动词后,需要一个宾语再加上一个宾语补足


语才能表达完整的意思,这样的宾语和宾补称为复合宾语。名词、形容词、不定式、分词、副词都可以作宾补。
(2 常跟复合宾语的动词有:call, name, make, think, find, leave, keep等。如:
His mother finds him a clever boy. Please keep the room clean.
(3 see, watch, look at, listen to, hear, feel, let, make(使), have使)等这些词后的宾补,如果是不定式担当的,则省去to但变为被动语态时“to”要还原。如:
I heard a man knock at the door three times. A man was heard to knock at the door three times. 第三十课时 句子的分类(二) 教学重点
并列句 there be结构 复合句
1、并列句:由连词连接两个分句组成的句子叫并列句。这些分句平等并列,而且同等重要,能够独立成句。连接分句的有并列连词和主丛连词。
并列连词有:and, but, or, nor, for, while, eitheror, neithernow, not only but also
主从连词有:so, however, still, yet, then
并列句中的前后两句可以根据意思划分为四种关系。


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