2018高考英语二轮复习高考题型组合练21完形填空+阅读理解+语法填空

高考题型组合练21　完形填空＋阅读理解＋语法填空

Ⅰ.完形填空

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

(2017·郴州高三第二次教学质量监测)

When I was about five years old，I lived with my family in Enterprise，Alabama.

What makes Enterprise Alabama especially memorable is a__1__monument they have in the middle of town.The monument is a__2__to the boll weevil(象鼻虫)，which is a particularly ugly-looking creature.

It's probably the only monument in the world erected(矗立)__3__an insect.It certainly wasn't done because of its aesthetic(美的)value.__4__，it was erected because of the damage the boll weevil caused to the__5__crops of the surrounding area!

Why did they__6__this pest? Well，had it not been for the boll weevil，the local economy would have__7__its unchangeable dependence on its one-crop，one-product economy.Until then，__8__depended entirely on cotton.When the boll weevil came，the farmers and all the other businesses that were reliant on the cotton farmers were forced to__9__the need to diversify.

In the long__10__，they saw that the boll weevil had，in fact，done them a favour by__11__their crops.No longer were their__12__all in one cotton basket.They__13__raising pigs，peanuts and other cash crops，and the entire area was__14__off for it.

Too often，we see difficult times as something to__15__，something only to endure.We usually don't see the benefit__16__much later at all.If we__17__the things in our lives that were the most__18__，we have to__19__　that there was value in it.

Remember，it's not what happens to us，but our response to what happens to us that makes the__20__in the quality of our lives.I believe that everything that happens can be a lesson.

【语篇解读】　本文是夹叙夹议类文章。在亚拉巴马州的Enterprise矗立着一座象鼻虫的纪念碑，这是一种丑陋的害虫，但人们为什么要纪念它呢？其中有一段发人深思的哲理的故事。

1．A.strange　　　　 B．beautiful

C．solid D．simple

解析：根据下文“the ball weavill”可知是害虫的纪念碑，因此使人感到奇怪。beautiful，solid，simple都不是文章强调的意义。

答案：A

2．A.painting B．picture

C．statue D．shape

解析：因为是昆虫的纪念碑，而不是图画或绘画，因此不选A、B。

答案：C

3．A.in favour of B．in memory of

C．in need of D．in praise of

解析：in memory of“为纪念”，其他选项没有这含义。

答案：B

4．A.Accidentally B．Surprisingly

C．Hopefully D．Fortunately

解析：句意为“更奇怪(surprisingly)的是，建造纪念碑不是因为昆虫的价值，而是因为它的破坏作用”。accidentally “偶然地”，hopefully“有希望地”，fortunately“幸运地”，均不符合语境。

答案：B

5．A.cash B．corn

C．cotton D．wheat

解析：后文有提示，当时这一地区完全依靠棉花这一经济作物。cash crops “经济作物”，故选A。

答案：A

6．A.reward B．praise

C．hate D．honor

解析：句意为“为什么要纪念(honor)害虫呢？”选“报答”，“表扬”，都不符合语境。

答案：D

7．A.continued B．started

C．stopped D．hated

解析：根据语境可知要不是因为象鼻虫，人们不会改变只依靠一种经济作物生活的模式，continued“持续，保持要求”的符合题意。其他选项都不符合语境。

答案：A

8．A.something B．none

C．everything D．nothing

解析：由上题解析可知该空填everything。

答案：C

9．A.seize B．recognize

C．create D．grasp

解析：发生虫害，人们遭受了损失以后，人们才意识(recognize)到种植多样化的必要性。

答案：B

10．A.run B．direction

C．period D．sense

解析：此处是固定搭配，in the long run 意思是“从长远来看”。

答案：A

11．A.fertilizing B．changing

C．destroying D．covering

解析：根据前面的“it was erected because of the damage”可得出答案。

答案：C

12．A.plans B．eggs

C．wealth D．seeds

解析：此处是习惯表达：把鸡蛋(eggs)放在一个篮子中，喻指单一性的危害。

答案：B

13．A.started B．ended

C．kept D．preferred

解析：根据前后逻辑判断，因为意识到经济单一的危害，人们开始(start)种植、养殖向多样化发展。

答案：A

14．A.wider B．richer

C．worse D．better

解析：因为多样化，人们的生活也改善了，整个地区因此富裕了。be better off 意为“富裕”。

答案：D

15．A.remember B．avoid

C．pass D．test

解析：根据常识和语境判断，艰难的时刻是大家都不喜欢的，也就是大家都要极力避免(avoid)的。

答案：B

16．A.until B．when

C．though D．unless

解析：根据固定结构 not...until...“直到……才……”可确定答案。

答案：A

17．A.look back at B．turn over

C．speak of D．look forward to

解析：根据空后“the things in our lives”可判断此处是填look back at 表示“回顾”之意。

答案：A

18．A.tiring B．trying

C．promising D．interesting

解析：此处表示回顾最艰难的事情，也就是最具有挑战或考验的事情。trying用作形容词，意为“令人难受的”； tiring 意为“令人疲倦的；令人厌倦的”。可知选B。

答案：B

19．A.consider B．understand

C．prove D．admit

解析：句意：我们必须承认(admit)坏的事情中有价值的存在。选“考虑”“证明”等，都不符合语境。

答案：D

20．A.mark B．difference

C．point D．influence

解析：根据语境判断，作者强调的是我们对事物的反应改变了我们生活的质量。make the difference“起作用，有影响”；make the mark“获得成功”；make the point“阐明观点”。

答案：B

Ⅱ.阅读理解

阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

(2017·广州高三模拟)(导学号 58210062)

Have you ever wondered when dogs first became“man's best friend”and the world's favourite pet? If you have then you're not alone.When and where dogs first began living side-side with humans are questions that have stirred hot debate among scientists.There are a few hard facts that all agree on.These include that dogs were once wolves and they were the first animal to be domesticated(驯养) by humans.They came into lives some 15，000 years ago，before the dawn of agriculture.

Beyond that，there is little agreement.The earliest bones found that are unquestionable dogs and not wolves date from 14，000 years ago.However，30，000-year-old skulls have been discovered in France and Belgium that are not pure wolf and some scientists think could be dogs.

With such puzzling evidence，many scientists are now turning to DNA to find out when and where dogs were first domesticated.In one research project，tens of thousands of blood samples have been taken from street dogs around the world.The plan is to compare them with those of wolves.It's even possible to analyse DNA from ancient bones.Tiny pieces of the 30，000-year-old skulls mentioned earlier are currently being studied，and another DNA study has already shown that ancient dogs preserved in the Alaskan ice-fields evolved from Asian wolves，not American ones.

Indeed，the ancient DNA may turn out to be more informative than the DNA of living dogs.Because dogs have accompanied humans around the world for thousands of years，their current distribution may tell us very little of their origins.This is why different groups of scientists believe that dogs variously originated in eastern Asia，Mongolia，Siberia，Europe or Africa.

But why were the animals domesticated in the first place? The most recent theory is that dogs domesticated themselves，initially living in and around our ancient villages to eat any food thrown out.Today，this is a way of life still shared by three-quarters of a billion unowned dogs worldwide.

【语篇解读】　本文主要介绍了家畜狗的来历。

1．Which is the only statement generally agreed on by scientists studying dogs?

A．They originally were used as farm animal.

B．They evolved from wolves found in Europe.

C．They helped the development of agriculture.

D．They were the first animal to be kept as pets.

解析：细节理解题。根据第一自然段“There are a few hard facts that all agree on.These include that dogs were once wolves and they were the first animal to be domesticated(驯养) by humans”可知选项D正确。

答案：D

2．Why does the writer first mention the 30，000-year-old animals skulls?

A．To show that dogs were much larger in the past.

B．To prove that dogs developed from Asian wolves.

C．To suggest that dogs may have evolved much earlier.

D．To argue that dogs were first kept in France and Belgium.

解析：细节理解题。通过题目中出现的“30，000-year-old animals skulls”定位到第二自然段“However，30，000-year-old skulls have been discovered in France and Belgium that are not pure wolf and some scientists think could be dogs.”可知狗出现的时间最早可追溯到30，000年前，而不是14，000之前。

答案：C

3．How did scientists determine the origins of the ancient dogs found in Alaska?

A．By examine the animals' DNA.

B．By analyzing the age of their bones.

C．By studying the shape of their skulls.

D．By comparing them with modern dogs.

解析：细节理解题。通过题目中关键词Alaska 定位文中第三自然段最后一句话“another DNA study has already shown that ancient dogs preserved in the Alaskan ice-fields evolved from Asian wolves”可知是用DNA检测的。

答案：A

4．Why did dogs start living with humans?

A．Because they were attracted by food.

B．Because they were trapped by humans.

C．Because they couldn't survive in the wild.

D．Because they were trained to protect villages.

解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段“The most recent theory is that dogs domesticated themselves，initially living in and around our ancient villages to eat any food thrown out”可知狗是因为被村民扔出的食物所吸引。

答案：A

Ⅲ.语法填空

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

(2017·阜阳师大附中高三模拟)

Last year，my brother and I went to Miami for a vacation.Some of my friends who had been there before said 1.________was a wonderful holiday destination.Before we went，we had planned for months.When the day came，we were ready.

After our plane landed，we went to the hotel.We had made our 2.________(reserve) six months earlier，but the man at the front desk said there had been a mistake.We 3.________(tell)that our rooms hadn't been reserved for that week，4.________for the week after.I didn't understand 5.________this would happen and my credit card had already been charged 6.________the booking.What's worse，the hotel had been fully booked.When we were wondering what to do，the manager came out.She was 7.________(surprise)helpful.She 8.________(apology) for the mistake and gave us a spare VIP room on the top floor.We had never stayed in such an amazing room，and we weren't charged extra.

The next day，my brother and I went to the beach 9.________we watched some people play volleyball.We got a little 10._________(sunburn)，but the day had been so relaxing that we didn't mind.

【语篇解读】　本文是讲我和我兄弟去Miami(迈阿密)旅游，当到达目的地后，来到六个月前订的宾馆，却意外被告知订的房间是下个星期的，且该宾馆房间已订满。正当不知如何办时，经理出来了，将他们安排在留出来的VIP房间，且不另外收他们的钱，这真是个意外的意外。

1．解析：考查代词。指代前句中的Miami这个地方，应用it。

答案：it

2．解析：考查词性转换。物主代词our后应填名词reservation。

答案：reservation

3．解析：考查时态语态。根据tell sb.sth.这一句型结构可知，是“我们被告知”，由上下文的时态可知，用一般过去时的被动语态。

答案：were told

4．解析：考查固定用法。这是not...but...结构，意为“不是为那个星期订的，而是为后一个星期所订的”。

答案：but

5．解析：考查疑问词。根据句意“我不知道为什么会发生这样的事”可知用why引导宾语从句。

答案：why

6．解析：考查固定搭配。charge...for...是习惯搭配。

答案：for

7．解析：考查副词。因本句已有作表语的形容词helpful，所以应当用副词来修饰形容词helpful，指“令人惊讶地，意外地”，故填surprisingly。

答案：surprisingly

8．解析：考查时态。 根据文章的时态可知此处应用过去式。

答案：apologized

9．解析：考查定语从句。先行词是地点the beach且在定语从句中作状语，故填where (＝on which＝and on the beach＝and there)。

答案：where

10．解析：考查词性转换。在表示“变化”的got后作表语，要用形容词；sunburn是名词，其形容词形式是sunburned或sunburnt。

答案：sunburned/ sunburnt

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