必修二M4教案：
1.scene n．地点，现场；景色；场，景
behind the scenes到后台，在幕后
come/appear on the scene出现
on the scene在现场，到现 场
①They rushed to the scene of the traffic accident.他们火速赶往车祸现场。
②I can see a beautiful scene from the top of the mountain.
从山顶上看，我能看到美丽的景色。
③The sunrise is a beautiful scene.日出是很美的景象。
④We missed the first few scenes of the movie.
电影的开始几个场景我们没看到。
2.alive adj.活着的，充满活力的，仍然存在的
stay alive活下去
keep sth.alive使继续有效、存在
come alive变得有趣(有生气、逼真)，活跃起 来
①He is thought to be the greatest man alive.他被认为是当今最伟大的人。
②We’d better keep the old customs alive.我们应该保持这个古老的风俗。
③The discussion came alive when it came to an interesting topic.
当引入有趣的话题后，讨论变得热烈了。
辨析：alive，living，live与lively
1)alive有生命的；活着的；有生气的，可作表语和补足语，做后置定语。
They caught a snake alive.他们活捉了一条蛇。
He was alive when he was taken to hospital.他被送到医院时还活着。
2)living活着的；健在的；现行的，可作定语和表语。living和定冠词the连用时相当于the living people，具有复数含义，作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。
all living things一切生命
The dead are always remembered by the living.
死去的人永远被活着的人们所铭记。
His grandmother is still living at the age of 98.他奶奶已98岁，仍然健在。
3)live鲜活的；有生命的，可作定语。还有“直播的”意思。
Did you watch the live football match on TV?
你看电视直播的足球比赛了吗？
He bought a live fish.他买了条活鱼。
4)lively生动的；活泼的；用做定语或表语，既可指人，又可指物。
I feel everything here is very lively.我觉得这儿的一切都富有生气。
The teacher has a gift for making his lessons lively and interesting.
那位老师有一种使他的课生动有趣的天赋。
3.observe vt.& vi.观察，注意；遵守(法律、习俗等)；庆祝(节日等)；评论
1)observe sb.do sth.看到某人做(过)某事
observe sb.doing sth.看到某人(正在)做某事
2)observe/ obey a rule/the law遵守规则/法律
observe/ celebrate Christmas/May Day庆祝圣诞节/五一劳动节
3)observation n．观察，观察力
4)observer n．观察者
①She observed a man walking on the opposite side of the way.
她注意到一个人在路的对面走着。
②He liked to observe the stars when he was a child.
孩提时他喜欢观察星星。
③Do you observe Christmas？你们过圣诞节吗？
④All the citizens should observe the law without exception.
所有的公民都要守法，没有例外。
4.adopt vt.采纳；采用；收养
1)adopt an idea /a plan采纳意见 /计划
adopt a son收养一个儿子
2)adopted words外来词
adoption n．采用，采纳；过 继
①Our school has adopted a new teaching method.
我们学校采用了新的教学方法。
②All the suggestions put forward at the meeting were adopted.
会上提的所有的建议都被采纳了。
③Having no children of their own，they decided to adopt an orphan.
因为他们没有亲生儿女，所以决定领养一个孤儿。
④We are talking about the adoption of a new plan for the picnic.
我们正谈论采纳新的野餐计划。
例题：They ______ the novel because there were so many ______ words in it.
A. adapted; adopted B. adopted; adapted
C. adapted; adopting D. adopted; adapting
辨析：adopt vt.收养；采纳
adapt to意为“使……适应；改编，改写”。
adjust to调整；适应
apply to适用
apply for
The young couple had no children of their own and adopted an orphan.After a few months，the orphan came to adapt to his new life.
这对年轻夫妇没有亲生孩子，领养了一名孤儿。几个月过后，这个孤儿渐渐适应了新生活。
5.aim (sth)at 把。。。瞄准，目的在于；企图
He aimed his gun at the target.他把抢瞄准目标.
China has long been a leader in the field of genetic research aimed at improving agraculture.中国长期以来就处在致力于发展农业的基因研究领域的前沿。
Those girls worked out every morning, aiming at a weight loss of ten pounds.
6.stand v．站立，直立；忍受；经受，承担；n.看台，摊子；立场
1)stand still站着不动
stand by袖手旁观；支持(某人)
stand for代表，象征
stand out显眼，突出
2)can’t stand /bear/ tolerate sth./doing sth.不能忍受(做)某事
can’t stand sb./sth.doing sth.不能忍受某人/物做某事
3)take one’s stand站在……立 场
①He can’t stand being treated like that.他不能忍受别人那样对待他。
②I won’t stand your talking like that to your mother.
我受不了你对你母亲说话的方式。
③How can you stand by and let him treat his dog like that?
他那样虐待他的狗，你怎么能袖手旁观呢？
④Messi stands out as the best young soccer player in the game.
梅西是比赛中最突出的年轻足球运动员。
例题：1．(2008年湖北卷)Though having lived abroad for years，many Chinese still ______the traditional customs.
A.perform B．possess C．observe D．support
2．The three teams ______different ways to solve the problem and they all succeeded at last.
A.adopted B．admired C．adapted D．adept
3．Alice’s father had her ______because he couldn’t look after her himself.
A．raised B．fed C．supported D．adopted
4．He is a man of strong selfrespect，so he can’t stand ______in public.
A．laughing at B．being laughed at C．laughed at
D．having been laughed at
5.Messi stands ______ as the best young soccer player in the game. A. for B. up C. by D. out
7. 1)destroy v. 彻底损坏以至于不能或很难修复 n. destruction
The enney destroyed the city.
The forest was destroyed by fire.
2) damage v. n.指价值，用途降低或外表，损坏等，不一定全部破坏，损坏
了还可以修复，do / cause damage to 对。。。造成损害
The storm caused great damage.
The new law has done a lot of damage to the government’s popularity.
这条新法律给政府的声望带来很大损失.
Mind you don’t damage it.
Many of the books were damaged by fire.
3)ruin vt (实际，抽象)
1)弄坏,毁掉,毁坏,破坏
The storm ruined crops.
The fire ruined the house.
The bad weather ruined our holiday.
ruin one’s health
an ancient ruined city
She poured water all over my painting and ruined it.
2)使倾家荡产
I only ruin you. I can’t give you happiness.
n.1)(be ) in ruins 是一片废墟,落空
The house across the street were in ruins.
The town is in ruins.
2)fall into ruin 已成废墟
The house fell into ruin.
4）harm
n.1) 损坏(同damage), 伤害（可指人）
He means no harm.他本无恶意.
do harm to
It wouldn’t do him any harm to work a little harder.
他工作再努力一些对他没有害处
vt.伤害,损害,危害
Smoking will harm you.
adj. be harmful to
5)spoil无用，糟蹋，弄糟；溺爱
The visit was spoiled by an argument.
He spoiled the soup by puutting toomuch salt in it.
a spoiled and selfish child who gets too much attention
用destroy, damage, ruin的适当形式填空
①You will ruin your future if you continue to be so foolish.
②The old temple has fallen into ruin .
③The back of the car was damaged in the crash, so I had to have it repaired.
④The fire caused a lot of damage .
⑤What was it that destroyed the Roman Empire?
8..tell by从……可以看出；依据……而判断
1)tell apart分清，区分
tell A from B把A和B分辨开
tell the difference between A and B区别A和B
2)to tell (you) the truth说实话
tell a story/joke/lie讲故事/笑话/说谎
tell the truth说真谎
①I could tell he was angry by/from his expression.
从他的表情我看得出他生气了。
②Can you tell Tom from his twin brother by their looks?
你能从相貌上把汤姆和他的孪生兄弟分辨开吗？
③I don’t really want to go out，to tell (you) the truth.
说实话，我并不是真的想出去。
9.put off推迟，延期
put aside撇开，置之不理；节省，储蓄，储存
put back放回；推迟，延迟；拨回
put down写下，记下；击败；平定
put forward提出；把……向前拨
put on穿上，戴上；演出
put out熄灭，扑灭；生产，制造
put up举起；张贴，公布；接待，供膳宿
put up with忍受，忍 耐
①The meeting has been put off till next week.会议已推迟到下星期了。
②We’ll have to put off going on vacation until you’re better.
我们得把休假日期推迟，直到你好些为止。
③The working party has put forward a good case for moving to a new site.
特别工作组提出了一条很好的迁往新址的理由。
④I don’t know how you put up with their constant quarreling.
我不知道你是如何忍受他们无休止的争吵的。
10.get/be tired of厌倦
①We are tired of the same food for breakfast every morning.
每天早餐吃同样的食物，我们感到厌倦了。
②He is tired of reading the text again and again.他一遍遍地读课文都烦了。
③Many students are getting tired of the school life because of so much stress.由于那么多的压力，许多学生对学校生活变得厌倦。
辨析：be tired of与be tired from
1)be tired of表示“厌烦”。
Don’t you feel tired of sitting there all day long doing nothing?
整天坐在那里无所事事你不烦吗？
I’m tired of watching television.Let’s go for a walk.
我看烦了电视，我们去散散步吧！
2)be tired from表示“因……而疲倦”。
I’m very tired from running as fast as I can.奋力奔跑后，我感到很疲倦。
All of us got tired from climbing the mountain.
我们所有的人爬山都爬累了。
11.1)take turns to do sth 轮流做某事
take turns at doing sth.
do sth. by turns
1 If friends can take turns to listen to each other well，life will be better！
如果朋友们之间能轮流做好听众，生活就会更美好！
②We took turns to ask questions.我们轮流问问题。
2)It’s one’s turn to do sth.轮到某人做某事
③It’s my turn to clean the room.该轮到我打扫房间了。
④It’s your turn to recite the text.该轮到你背课文了。
3)in turn轮流地，依次地，反过来 in return 作为回报
⑤You are asked to see our headmaster in turn.
要求你们依次去见我们校长。
例题1．Mr Smith，______of the______speech，started to read a novel.
A．tired；boring B．tiring；bored
C．tired；bored D．tiring；boring
2．______of the______speech，he looked out of the window.
A．Tired；tired B．Tiring；tired
C．Tired；tiring D．Being tired；tiring
3．I’m afraid I can’t help______Lucy from Lily because I only met the twins once before.
A.to tell B．telling C．to judge D．judging
4．If you suspect that the illness might be serious you should not _____going to the doctor.
A．put away B．put up C．put down D．put off
5．(2006年山东卷)A clean environment can help the city bid for the Olympics，which______will promote it’s economic development.
A.in nature B．in return C．in turn D．in fact
6. In winter people burn a lot of coal to warm themselves, and this _____ causes pollution and global warming.
A. in turn B. in all C. take turns D. by turn
句型：
1.This is a painting by the Spanish artist，Pablo Picasso，considered to be the greatest western artist of the twentieth century.这是西班牙画家巴勃罗·毕加索的一幅油画，他被认为是二十世纪西方最伟大的画家。
consider构成的常用句型：
1)consider sb./sth.(to be/as)．..认为某人/某物是……
sb./sth.be considered (to be/as)．..某人/某物被认为是……
consider it＋adj.＋to do sth.认为干……是……
consider it＋adj.＋that...认为……是……
It is considered that sb.has done sth.
Sb.＋is considered＋to have done sth.认为某人做过某事
2)译作“考虑”时，有下列句型：
consider＋疑问词＋to do sth.考虑……
consider doing sth.考虑做某事
3)considering为介词。意思是“考虑到；就……而言”，后可接that从句 。
Do you consider him to be a great musician?
你认为他是个很好的音乐家吗？
Lincoln is considered as one of the greatest presidents of the USA.
林肯被认为是美国最伟大的总统之一。
He is considered to have finished the work.他被认为已经完成这项工作了。
We consider it necessary to tell him about it.
我们认为告诉他那件事是必要的。
It is considered that China is developing her economy very rapidly.
人们认为中国的经济正在迅速发展。
I am considering changing a job.我正考虑着换一份工作。
You have to consider what to do next.你得考虑下一步做什么。
Considering how sick he is，he should go to the doctor.
鉴于他病得那样厉害，他应该去看医生。
2.I’m studying art at school，and I enjoy it a lot，although I can get tired of looking at pictures all the time.我在学校学习艺术，我很开心，虽然老看图可能会看腻。
1)句中的although引导的是状语从句，亦可以换成though，不可以与另外的一个表示转折的连词but连用。但是，可以和表示转折的副词yet，still连用。
Although they set off earlier than us，yet/still they arrived later than us.
尽管他们出发比我们早，但是他们到得比我们晚。
2)句中的can表示可能，表达这种含义时，can只用于肯定句中，而且表示一种“一时的可能性”。
It can be quite windy there，especially in spring.
那里有时容易刮风，特别是在春季。
He can be quite annoying sometimes.他有时会是相当讨厌的。
例题1．(2008年上海春招) ______this is only a small town，it’s crowded with tourists who come here all year round.
A．Since B．Unless C．Once D．Although
2．(2007年山东卷)In this seaside resort，you can ______all the comfort and convenience of modern tourism. A．enjoy B．apply
C．receive D．achieve
3.All the staff in our company are considering ______to the city centre for the fashion show. A．to go B．going C．to have gone D．having gone
4.Charles Babbage is generally considered _____the first computer.
A．to invent B．inventing C．having invented D．to have invented
5．—Mary is considering ______her summer vacation in Guangzhou.
—I can’t imagine ______the holidays in such a hot place.
A．to spend；her to spend B．spending；her spending
C．to spend；her spending D．spending；her to spending
6．It is usually warm in my hometown in March，but it ______be rather cold sometimes. A．must B．can C．should D．would
7． Peter ______be really difficult at times even though he’s a nice person in general. A．shall B．should C．can D．must
Ⅱ.易错模块
1．—Did you watch the football game on TV last night?
—Yes，I did. It was ______，and I enjoyed every minute of it.
A.alive B．live C．living D．lively
2.People found him still ______after the road accident，so they sent him to hospital at once. A．live B．lively C．living D．alive
3．Many people watched the______TV broadcast of the football match.
A．live B．alive C．living D．lively
4.．(2009年杭州学军中学模拟) ______it with me should be a good choice.Trust me. A．When left B．Leaving
C．If you leave D．Leave
5．(2009年杭州高三质检)The fruit ______fresh in his fruit stand sells well.
A．looking B．looked C．look D．to be looked
6．(2009年山东泰安高三期中) ______in a wellknown university is what everybody wishes for.
A.Educated B．Being educated C．To educate D．Educating
7．—Would you like to go fishing with me?
—Sorry，but I have a lot of clothes______.
A.wash B．washed C．washing D．to wash
8．I feel greatly honored ______ into their society.
A．to welcome B．welcoming
C．to be welcomed D．welcomed
9．If there’s a lot of work______，I’m happy to just keep on until it is finished.
A．to do B．to be doing C．done D．doing
本文来源：https://www.2haoxitong.net/k/doc/1d8fbf51b8f3f90f76c66137ee06eff9aff84942.html
文档为doc格式