英语形容词比较级和最高级讲解与练习

英语形容词比较级和最高级讲解与练习

绝大多数形容词有三种形式,原级,比较级和最高级, 以表示形容词说明的性质在程度上的不同。

　　形容词的原级: 形容词的原级形式就是词典中出现的形容词的原形。 例如: poor tall great glad bad

形容词的比较级和最高级: 形容词的比较级和最高级形式是在形容词的原级形式的基础上变化的。 分为规则变化和不规则变化。 规则变化如下:

1) 单音节形容词的比较级和最高级形式是在词尾加 -er 和 -est 构成。

　great (原级) (比较级) (最高级)

　　2) 以 -e 结尾的单音节形容词的比较级和最高级是在词尾加 -r 和 -st 构成。

　　wide (原级) (比较级) (最高级)

3)少数以-er, -ow, - le结尾的双音节形容词的比较级和最高级是在词尾加 -er 和 -est 构成。或者加more，和most来构成。

gentle(原级) (比较级) (最高级)

clever(原级) (比较级) (最高级)

narrow(原级) (比较级) (最高级)

　　4) 以 -y 结尾,但 -y 前是辅音字母的形容词的比较级和最高级是改 -y 为i, 加上 -er 和-est 构成.

　　happy (原形) (比较级) (最高级)

　　5) 以一个辅音字母结尾其前面的元音字母发短元音的形容词的比较级和最高级是双写该辅音字母然后再加 -er和-est。

　　big (原级) (比较级) (最高级)

　　6) 双音节和多音节形容词的比较级和最高级需用more 和 most 加在形容词前面来构成。

beautiful (原级) (比较级) (最高级)

　　difficult (原级) (比较级) (最高级)

　　常用的不规则变化的形容词的比较级和最高级:

　　原级------比较级------最高级

　 good/well------better------best

many/much------more------most

　 little------less-----least

　　bad/ill-----worse------worst

far------farther, further------farthest, furthest

old------older,elder-----oldest,eldest

　　形容词前如加 less 和 least 则表示"较不"和"最不"

important 重要 less important 较不重要 least important 最不重要

(7) 部分形容词本身表示最高级，因此他们没有比较级和最高级形式： 如，favourite round

形容词原级用法：比较：as…as…; not as(so)…as…

（1）“A…+as+形容词原级+as+B”

He  is  as  tall  as  me. 他和我一样高。

English is as interesting as Chinese. 英文和中文一样有趣。

You’re a boy as good as Tom.=You’re as good a boy as Tom.

你和汤姆是一样好的孩子。

（2）否定句中的结构：“A…not+as/so+形容词原级+as+B”

It  is   not  as/so   good  as   what   you   said.

那没有你说的那么好。

形容词比较级的用法:

　　形容词的比较级用于两个人或事物的比较,其结构形式如下:

　　主语+谓语(系动词)+ 形容词比较级+than+ 对比成分。

也就是, 含有形容词比较级的主句+than+从句。注意从句常常省去意义上和主句相同的部分, 而只剩下对比的成分。

Our teacher is we are.

我们老师的个子比我们的高。

It is today than it was yesterday.

今天的天气比昨天暖和。

This picture is than that one.

　这张照片比那张照片漂亮。

形容词最高级的用法:

　　形容词最高级用于两个以上的人和物进行比较, 其结构形式为:

　　主语+谓语(系动词)+the+形容词最高级+名词+表示范围的短语或从句。

She is student in her class.

她是班上最好的学生。

Shanghai is one of cities in China.

上海是中国最大城市之一。

This is apple I have ever met. 　

这是我见到的最大的苹果。

Tom is boy in his basketball team.

汤姆是他们篮球队中个子最高的孩子。

可用来修饰形容词比较级的词：

a little,a bit,a lot,a great deal , much,even,still,far,rather,any等修饰：

He made much fewer mistakes than I did.

He is even richer than I.

重点与难点：

（1）表示两者之间进行选择“哪一个更.....”时，用句型“which/who is +形容词的比较级，A or B? ”表示。

Who is taller,Li Ming or Wang Tao?

表示三或三者以上的人或物中进行选择“哪一个最....”时，用句型“which/who is +the +最高级，A ，Bor C? ”表示。

Which city is the most beautiful,Beijing,Shanghai or Fuzhou?

（2） 如果在两者之间表示“最……”时要在比较级前加the，而且还用of the two, of the pair短语：

John is the clever of the two boys.

Of the two boys, John is the clever.

（3）表示“越来越.......”,用比较级重叠结构，即“比较级+and+比较级”，当形容词为多音节词或部分双音节词时，用“more and more +形容词原级。”

The weather is becoming colder and colder.

It’s getting warmer and warmer in spring.

(3)表示“最.....的.....之一”时，用“one of the +形容词最高级”结构，该形容词后用复数形式。

Zhou Jielun is one of the most popular singers.

（4）形容词最高级前可以加序数词，表示“第几最........”.

The Yellow River is the second longest river in China.

(5)被物主代词,指示代词，名词所有格修饰时，前边不再加the

China's   biggest   city  is   Shanghai.

Fishing   is    his    latest   hobby.

（6）表示“越.....越......”时，用“the +比较级，the +比较级”。

The more,the better.

The more books you read,the more knowledge you will learn.

(7) 形容词原级表示比较级含义：

约翰不象迈克那么苯。

John is not so stupid as Mike.

John is less stupid than Mike.

John is cleverer than Mike.

(8) 用比较级表示最高级：约翰是班里最高的男生。

John is taller than any other boy in the class.

John is the tallest boy in the class.

John is taller than :any other boy.

倍数表达法：

（1） A is 倍数 as +原级+ as B

Asia is four times as large as Europe.

（2）A is 倍数 + 比较级 +than + B

Asia is three times larger than Europe.

(3)A is 倍数 + 名词 + of B

常见名词：the size/weight/height/width/length

The table is twice the length of the desk.

;’(4)A is 倍数 + what从句

The production is now three times what it was three years ago.

练习题

1. 写出以下各形容词的比较级和最高级：

1. nice ______________________ 2. fat ____________________

3. slow _____________________ 4. dry ____________________

5. happy ____________________ 6. wet ____________________

7. much ____________________ 8. ill _____________________

9. little _____________________ 10. bad ___________________

11. thin ______________________ 12. far ____________________

13. early _____________________ 14. careful_________________

15. exciting ___________________ 16. busy __________________

2. 根据句意，用所括号内所级形容词的比较等级形式填空：

1. Mr. Smith is _________ man in this office. (rich)

2. Winter is _________ season of the years. (cold)

3. This radio is not so ________ as that one. (cheap)

4. It is much _______ today than yesterday. (hot)

5. She is a little ________ than her classmates. (careful)

6. ________ people came to the meeting than last time. (many)

7. Which book is ________, this one or that one? (easy)

8. My room is _______ than yours. (small)

9. Hainan is _______ from Beijing than Hunan. (far)

10. Skating is _______ than swimming. (exciting)

11. Jim is _______ than all the others. (honest)

12. Things are getting _______ and _______. (bad)

13. The higher you climb, the _______ it will be. (cold)

14. Now his life is becoming ________ and _______. (difficult)

15. There are _______ boys than girls in our class. (few)

单项选择

1. This box is___ that one.

A. heavy than B. so heavy than

C. heavier as D. as heavy as

2 When we speak to people, we should be ' .

A. as polite as possible B. as polite as possibly

C. as politely as possible D. as politely as possibly

3 This book is____ that one, but____ than that one.

A. as difficult as; expensive

B. as more difficult as; more expensive

C. as difficult as; more expensive

D. more difficult as; as expensive

4. I think the story is not so ___ as that one.

A. interesting B. interested C. more interesting D. most interesting

5. His father began to work____ he was seven years old.

A. as old as B. as early as C. since D. while2

6. I think science is _ than Japanese.

A. much important B. important C. much more important D. more much important

7. This pencil is___ than that one.

A. longest B. long C. longer D. as long

8.My mother is no ___ young.

A. shorter B. longer C. little D. few

( ) 4 These children are ____ this year than they were last year.

A. more tall B. more taller C. very taller D. much taller

9.It was very hot yesterday, but it is___ today.

A. even hotter B. more hotter

C. much more hot D. much hot

10.Mrs Black has got____ instead of getting any better.

A. more bad B. a little worse C. much badly D. a lot of worse

11.When we arrived, we found the meeting room crowded with___ students.

A. quite a few B. only a few C. few D. a few quite

12. The house is small for a family of six.

A. much too B. too much C. very much D.so

13 .Through the window we can see nothing but ____ buildings.

A. tall very many B. very many tall C. very tall many D. many very tall

14. -What's your brother like?

-He is___.

A. a driver B. very tall C. my friend D. at school

15 .The jacket was so___ that he decided to buy it. ,

A. much B. little C. expensive D. cheapl

16 .Our classroom is____ larger than theirs.

A. more B. quite C. very D. much

17.The earth is about____ as the moon.

A. as fifty time big B. fifty times as big C. as big fifty times D. fifty as times big

18. Your room is mine.

A. twice as large than B. twice the size of

C. bigger twice than D. as twice large as

19. Your room is ___ than mine.

A. three time big B. three times big C. three times bigger D. bigger three times

20. His father is____than his mother. ;

A. older four years B. as four years older C. four years older D. bigger four years

21. Maths is more popular than____.

A. any other subject B. all the subjects C. any subject D. other subject

22. China is larger than ____ in Africa.

A. any other country B. other countries C. the other country J 1%D. any country

23. Tom is stronger than ___ in his class.

A. any other boy B. any boys C. any boy D. other boy

24. When spring comes, it gets____.

A. warm and warm B. colder and colder C. warmer and warmer D. shorter and shorter

25. By and by, ____ students in our class came to like English.

A. more and more B. much and much C. many and many D. less and least

26. At last he began to cry ___.

A. hard and hard B. more hard and more hard C. harder and harder D. less hard and less harder

27.When spring comes the days get ____ and nights ____.

A. short; long B. long; short C. longer; shorter D. shorter; longer

28.___ I look at the picture, ____ I like it.

A. The best; the more B. The more; the less

C. The more; less D. More; the more

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