Development and current situation of China Power Reliability
China’s power industry has developed successfully since Reform and Opening policy was adopted in China. As the Power industry entered into the developing stage marked by Power Grid, Large Unit, Large Capacity, Extra-high Voltage, and Hybrid AC/DC with Long-Distance Transmission, the complexity of power system increased evidently and the problem of the stability and safety of the power grid arises. The management of power’s reliability as an effective method offered the power enterprises opportunities to promote their manage level and to keep their equipments in good condition, so it plays an increasingly important role in power system.
In China, the management of power’s reliability has become the important part of the Power Enterprise Production Management. By promoting the availability and safety of the equipment and power grid, the electricity demand of our community could be met and a sustainable development could be achieved in power industry.
The developing process of reliability management in China Power industry
The earliest research and application of reliability project was established in industries such as communication, electronics and aviation dating back to the 1960s. However, the research on power industry began in the late 1970s when The Management Centre on Power industry was found and the statistics work concerned with power equipment, electric transmission and transformation equipment, power distribution equipment and system’s reliability was began. With software designed for controlling the generation expansion planning, assessing the reliability of transmission system and distribution system, and evaluating reliability of the main electrical connection scheme of power plant and DC system, the project has taken a big step so far. This progress leads departments such as power planning, design, research and manufacturing to carry out the reliable assessment for the system planning and engineering design.
It has been more than 20 years since reliable management was carried out in China. The effectiveness of the management has been proved by many practice, it is a perfectly suitable method for the power industry. Improved by years’ of efforts, the reliable management system has evolved into a new kind with power industries’ characteristics. A proficient team related to this field also comes into being on the national scale, accessing fruitful achievements in practice.
The improvement of China Power reliable management system
Over the past some 20 years, with unceasingly efforts in pushing forward the management of power reliability, a top-bottom management system has been formed in hierarchy. State Electricity Regulatory Commission of People’s Republic of China (SERC is for short in the following text) is the supervisor for the reliability of national power industry. The center of power’s reliability management in SREC does its routine work and provides service for the reliability management. SREC will dispatch agency to its jurisdiction area responsible for the supervision and management of power reliability.
The main duty and job of reliability center
1. Main duty
⑴ Make rules and regulations of power reliability and technical standards.
⑵ Establish the supervision system for power reliability.
⑶ Establish the information manage system for statistics and analysis
⑷ Arrange inspection for power reliability management work
⑸ Arrange the evaluation work for power reliability
⑹ Release report on reliability indicator and supervision
⑺ Improve theories and applications on power reliability
⑻ Organize training course on power reliability⑼ Carry out international exchange and cooperation on power reliability
2. Main tasks
⑴ To establish and maintain the power reliability management system which will elevate our information management level to a new height and lay a foundation of the supervision for power reliability.
⑵ To verify and analyze the data of reliability, draft report of analysis and release index.
⑶ To formulate the detailed implementing rules of Measures for Supervision of Electricity Reliability and revise the regulations in it.
⑷ According to the requirement of rules in Power Regulatory and Reliability on Power Supervision and Management Measures ,gradually establishing supervision system on power reliability. To complete the tasks of reliability supervision and contents in power supervision report, inspection on power reliability is also necessary.
⑸ To organize and carry out some research and application on power reliability technique
⑹ To push forward the reliability management of power generation with new source of energy, mainly focus on pilot project on wind power generation reliability management.
Since the Center of power reliability management has established, there is a substantial improvement on the level of power industry’s reliability management. So far, the Center has developed the reliability code and index system, statistics evaluation method and reliability information management system concerning power generating units, auxiliary equipment of power generating, power transmission and transformation facilities, and power supply to the urban customs. Collecting and analyzing the reliability data of Large and Medium Capacity power generating units in China, including100MW and above fossil-fueled power units and 40MW and above hydropower units; main auxiliaries of 200MW and above fossil-fueled power unit; domestic major power transmission and transformation facility 220KV and above; power supply to consumers in 366 large and medium sized cities in China.
Abundant achievement made by China’s power reliability management
During the past 20 years, the Center of power reliability management insisted on the tenet of “Adapt to the market mechanism, enhance its development, provide service for production management”, and has performed effective supervision and service with fruitful products.
1. Power reliability management is on its way to the rule of laws. On 2007, May 10th, Measures for Supervision of Electricity Reliability formulated by Center was been firmly carried out, providing legal basis for the electric reliability and supervision activities.
2. Accelerating the standardization process of electricity reliability. Over the years ,the Center and Electricity Reliability Management Standardization Management Commission have actively performed various activities and has enacted a series of reliability statistics and evaluation methods, including: Reliability Evaluation Regulation for Power Generation Facilities; Reliability Evaluation Regulation for Transmission and Transformation System; Reliability Evaluation Regulation for Power Supply to Consumers; Reliability Evaluation Regulation for DC system; Basic Terms of Electricity Reliability; Reliability Evaluation Regulation for Gas Turbine Generation Facilities (trail implementation); Reliability Evaluation Regulation for Wind Power Generation Facilities(trail implementation ); Detailed Rules for Implementation of Reliability Evaluation Regulation for Transmission and Transformation Facilities. These regulations have greatly accelerated the standardization process of China power reliability management.
3. Take fully advantage of reliable information, data and resource shared by the whole society becomes a reality
Over the 20 years, Center has set a goal to guarantee accuracy, timeliness, and integrity of the data and has been involved in collection, counting, analyzing and issuance of basic data. It has successfully held the electric reliability index releases for 15 years since 1994, it also published more than 200 various reliability management books in which comprehensively and systematically analyzing and recording the electricity facility’s condition and existing problems, and disclosed various reliability information and technique development timely. In this way, a large quantity of reliability data accumulated by years can be shared by the whole society. It offered effective service and plays a positive role in promoting the management level and competitiveness, making electricity generating in a safe way.
Gradually improvement on China Power Industry reliability
For more than 20 years efforts in reliability management, the reliability management level in power generating equipment, transmission and transformation facilities and electricity supply to consumers has made great progress. During the period from 1988 to 2008, the average equivalent availability factor of domestic 100MW and above fossil-fueled power units was increased from 80.77% to 92.5%, increased by 11.35% and the annual unplanned outage time per unit was decreased from 8.24 to 0.93.During the period from 1991 to 2008, the reliability rate of electricity supplied for city consumers increased from 98.88% to 99.863%, which means that the annual average outage duration time dropped from 96.898% to 12.071 hours. The reliability level of Transmission and Transformation facilities of various kinds has been improved a lot over the same period. The improvement not only creates a huge economic benefit but plays an important role in guaranteeing power grid’s safety and the quality of electricity. By this means, economic development is achieved without harming social interest.
A. Reliability of Electricity Generating Facility
B. Reliability of Transmission and Transformation of Power Facility
C. Reliability of Electricity Supply to Urban
For urban power supply in China, due to continuous optimization of power grid and improvement of power supply management, the reliability level of power supply to consumers has been steadily improved under the circumstance that the power consumption of the whole society is growing year by year. In the years from 1991 to 2008, the reliability on service in total for urban consumers in China rose from 98.90% to 99.863%, in other words, the annual average outage of consumers dropped from 96.55 to 12.071 hours.
In 2008, the average shortest power cut caused by China’s Electricity Companies are 1 hour and 52 minutes and 1 hour and 55 minutes. They are respectively State Grid Zhejiang Jiaxing Electricity Power Company and State Grid Shanghai Municipal Electricity Power Company. More than half cities in China got 4 to 13 power outage cut in average. From the distribution of power supply reliability of 367 electricity companies in 2008, we can know the reliability rate of power supply is basically adapted to the development of economy in regions so that it can meet the demand of continuous electricity consumption for local development of economy and society.
In 20 years’ efforts, the cause of China Power Reliability Management has been established from nothing, undergone the process of growing from a small to a large one. It has been found that reliability technique and reliability management methods are effective ways for developing China Power industry. The application of reliability management consistent with the inherent law of Power industry is the inevitable requirement of this industry.
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