Grow常用词组
grow into
1. 长成：发展而成为A boy grows into a man.男孩长成了男人
2. 逐渐适应：发展或变化以适应
She grew into her job. He grew into the relationship slowly.她逐渐适应了工作。他慢慢地适应了这种关系
grow on 或 grow upon
1. 逐渐变得，显得A feeling of distrust grew on me.我逐渐产生一种不信任感
2. 渐渐喜爱：逐渐变得令人愉快或使人接受a taste that grows on a person.使人逐渐喜爱的口味
grow up1. 长大：变成成人
grow on trees
1. (非正式)（好像长在树上似的）伸手即可得到，极易得到
sponsorship money doesn't grow on trees in the States.在美国赞助款不是唾手可得的。
grow on1. 越来越被…喜爱this stuff grows on you.这种东西会越来越吸引你。
grow out. 因正常生长而消失Colette's old perm had almost grown out.科莱特烫过的头发都快长直了。
习惯用语
grow out of. 产生自…：由…而发展或形成
an article that grew out of a few scribbled notes; trust that grew out of long acquaintance.
由潦草的记录而形成的文章；由长期相识而产生的信任
Hold常用词组
hold back
1. 保留，保持控制：在某人的占据或控制之下
held back valuable information; held back my tears.保留有价值的信息；忍住眼泪
2. 阻止…的发展 3. 抑制，自制
hold down1. 限制Please hold the noise down.请限制音量 2. 有（工作）holds down two jobs.有两份工作
hold forth
1. 滔滔不绝地说
hold off
1. 远离；抵制held the creditors off.远离债权人
2. 制止或阻挠做某事Let's hold off until we have more data.等到有更多资料时再做
hold on 1. 抓住…不放；依附 2. 继续做某事；坚持 3. 稍待：尤指不挂上电话以等待想要的或要求的事物
hold out
1. 提供，提出：提供或显示可得到的东西
2. 继续给予或提供；持续Our food is holding out nicely.我们的食物还很多
3. 继续反对The defending garrison held out for a month.防卫部队已坚守了一个月
4. 拒绝达成或履行协议
hold over 1. 继续维持：处于与以前同样状态或情形2. 超越正常时间续任
3. 延长…的期限The film was held over for weeks.电影又继续放了几星期
hold to. 对…忠诚或忠实She held to her resolutions.她很忠于自己的决定
hold up 1. 阻挠或延迟2. 通常用枪威胁以抢劫
3. 作为例子提供或展示held the essay up as a model for the students.把这篇论文给学生作范例
4. 制衡，应付：仍然有效或不失力量地继续下去；应付
managed to hold up under the daily stress.想办法应付每天的生活压力
hold with. 同意；支持I don't hold with your theories.我不同意你的理论
be left holding the baby (或美bag). (非正式)（尤指没有警告）被加一项责任
hold someone/thing cheap. (古)轻视，瞧不起
hold court. （在一群崇拜者中）成为注意焦点
hold someone/thing dear
1. 重视，珍视（人，物）fidelity is something most of us hold dear.忠诚是我们大多数人都珍视的东西。
hold fast. 紧闭the door held fast, obviously locked.门关得紧紧的，显然锁上了。
hold the fort. （另一人暂时不在时）临时负责
hold good (或 true). 保持正确，有效his views still hold true today.他的观点今天仍然正确。
hold someone's hand. 牵某人的手（困难时给人安慰、指引、精神上的支持）
hold hands. 手牵手（多表示友爱）
hold hard. (英)等一下，停住here, hold hard a minute.这儿，等一会儿。
hold someone/thing harmless. (律)赔偿
hold one's horses. (非正式)等一下
hold one's nose. 捏紧鼻子（以免闻难闻的气味）
hold (one's) serve (或 service). （网球、羽毛球等）赢了发球局
hold thumbs. (南非)握紧大拇指（以带来好运）
hold someone to bail. (律)拘留某人直至交保
hold one's tongue. (非正式)保持沉默
take hold
开始起作用the reforms of the late nineteenth century had taken hold.19世纪后期的改革已开始起作用了。
there is no holding someone
（用于表达某人已下定决心做某事）没有人能阻止（人）there's no holding you these days.现如今没人能拦住你。
hold something against
1. 因（过去的行为或情况的影响）而对（人）产生消极的看法
he knew that if he failed her, she would hold it against him forever.
他知道如果他辜负她的话，她会因此永远记恨他。
hold someone/thing back. 阻碍，阻止，抑制Jane struggled to hold back the tears.简竭力忍住眼泪。
hold something down. (非正式)保住（工作，职位）
hold someone/thing off. 抵抗（攻击者，挑战）
he held off a late challenge by Vose to win by thirteen seconds.他抵住了沃斯不久前的一次挑战，赢了他13秒。
hold on to. 留住；保存the industry is trying to hold on to experienced staff.该行业正设法留住有经验的工作人员。
hold out for. 坚持要求（拒绝接受所给予的）
he is holding out for a guaranteed 7 per cent raise.他一直在要求保证过的7%的加薪。
hold out on. (非正式)拒绝给（尤指信息）
hold something out. 给予机会（或希望）
a new drug may hold out hope for patients with lung cancer.新药也许会给肺癌患者以希望。
hold something over 1. 推迟，拖延2. （用事实或一则信息）要挟（人）
hold together (或 hold something together)
1. （使）保持团结if your party holds together, you will probably win.如果你们党保持团结，你们很可能会赢。
hold someone/thing up
1. 耽搁，拖延；妨碍，阻碍our return flight was held up for seven hours.我们的回程航班被延误了7个小时。
2. 以暴力（或暴力威胁）抢劫a masked raider held up the post office.一个蒙面强盗抢了邮局。
3. 使（人，物）成为例子（或受到特殊对待）they were &B{held up to} public ridicule.他们受到公众嘲笑。
4. (桥牌)（因战术原因）扣住，忍让
习惯用语
get hold of
1. 拥有；找到Where can I get hold of a copy?哪里可以找到复印件?
2. 通过电话交流tried to get hold of you but the line was busy.想和你通电话，但总占线
3. 控制…。通常反身使用You must get hold of yourself你必须控制住自己
hold a candle to
与…相比较好This film doesn't hold a candle to his previous ones.这部电影并不比他先前的几部好
hold (one's) own. 坚持住，不退让：无视批评和困难做得很好
hold out on (someone)隐藏Don't hold out on me; start telling the truth.不要瞒着我；告诉我真相
hold (someone's) feet to the fire 强迫（某人）同意或做某事
hold sway. 有控制性影响；统治
hold the bag【非正式用语】1. 一无所得：离开时两手空空2. 背黑锅：在可分担时被迫承担全部责任
hold the fort【非正式用语】1. 尤指在他人缺席时承担责任2. 保持安稳地位
hold the line维持现状：维持事务现有的位置或状态
had to hold the line on salary increases in the fourth quarter.在第四季度时只好维持工资的涨幅了
hold the phone【俚语】. 停止正在做的事。常用于祈使句Hold the phone停下!
hold water. 经受严厉考验
Your theory does not hold water. The witnesses' conflicting stories held no water.
你的理论经不起考验。证人互相矛盾的证词站不住脚
no holds barred没有限制或压制
on hold
1. 中断：打电话时短暂打断但仍接通的状态had to put me on hold for five minutes.不得不让我中断5分钟
2非正式用语】 悬念：进入一种推迟或不确定的悬疑状态had to put the romance on hold.得让那个故事有点悬念
Hand常用词组
hand down
1. 留下遗产：象被继承人把财产留给继承人一样传下去
2. 宣布：做出并宣布一个官方决议，尤其指法庭的一个判决
hand on. 转交给另外的人
hand out1. 随意分发；散布2. 管理，分配
hand over. 让渡：放弃或让出（财产）给别人
all hands on deck. 全体（船员）上甲板（遇紧急情况时命令全体船员上甲板待命的呼叫或信号）
at (或 by) the hands (或 hand) of. 从…那里；由于…的作用
tests he would undergo at the hands of a senior neurologist.将由一位高级神经病学家对他进行的检查。
bind (或 tie) someone hand and foot. 把某人手脚捆在一起，把某人牢牢捆住
get (或 keep) one's hand in. 使自己变得（或保持）熟练
give (或 lend) a hand. 给予帮助
hand in glove
1. 密切合作；勾结they were working &B{hand in glove with} our enemies.他们与我们的敌人勾结在一起。
hand in hand. 手牵手，携着手
from hand to mouth. 现挣现吃，仅能糊口
they were flat broke and living hand to mouth.他们完全破产了，过着仅能糊口的日子。
[as modifier]a hand-to-mouth existence.勉强维持的生活。
hands down轻而易举并决定性地Swindon won hands down… 4–1.斯温顿轻松获胜…4比1。
hands off. 不许碰；不许干涉hands off that cake tin!.不许碰那蛋糕筒！。
hands-on积极参与的，亲身实践的hands-on in-service training.边做边学的在岗培训。
a hand's turn
1. (非正式)一件工作，一件事they sit there without doing a hand's turn.他们坐在那儿，什么事也不干。
hands up!. [用于命令某人投降]举起手来！请举手（用于请别人表示同意或表示愿意参加等）
hands up who saw the programme!.看过节目的请举手。
have one's hands full. 忙得不可开交，手头的事应接不暇
have one's hands tied (非正式)无法自由行动
have to hand it to someone (非正式)[用于表示认可某人的优点或成就]你（或某人）真行
I've got to hand it to you—you've got the magic touch.你真行——简直是神通广大。
in safe hands由可靠的人保护的，安全的the future of the cathedral is in safe hands.大教堂的未来有了可靠保障。
make (或 lose 或 spend) money hand over fist. (非正式)快速赚钱；快速亏钱；快速花钱
many hands make light work (谚)人多好办事
off someone's hands
不必由某人处理（或照料）的they just want the problem off their hands.他们只想摆脱这一问题。
on every hand 到处，四面八方new technologies were springing up on every hand.新技术如雨后春笋般到处涌现。
on someone's hands由（某人）负责，由（某人）处理
he has a difficult job on his hands.他有一件棘手的事要处理。
on the one (或 the other) hand [用于提出两种互相对立的想法或观点]一方面（或另一方面）…
a conflict between their rationally held views on the one hand and their emotions and desires on the other.
他们的理性认识与感情、欲望之间的冲突。
the right hand doesn't know what the left hand's d （指团体或组织内部的）混乱状态，行动不协调
a safe pair of hands（体育用语）优秀接球手（指运动员）
set (或 put) one's hand to着手做
stay someone's hand. 阻止某人行动；使某人住手
take a hand. 起一份作用，参加；介入
fate was about to take a hand in the outcome of the championship.运气将对锦标赛的结果起作用。
turn one's hand to 转而从事（不同于平时的工作的事情）
wait on someone hand and foot. 殷勤地伺候某人
with one hand tied behind one's back. 在严格的限制下，在严重的束缚下
at the moment, the police are tackling record crime rates with one hand tied behind their back.
当前警察在严重的束缚下与创纪录的犯罪率作斗争。
hand something down
1. 把…下传（给较年轻者或继承人）songs are handed down from mother to daughter.歌曲由母亲传到女儿。
2. 正式宣布（尤指审判结果）；颁布
hand something in交上，提交，把…呈送给上级
hand someone off (英橄)用手推开（对方阻截队员）
hand something on传递;把…传给下一个人he had handed on the family farm to his son.他把家族农场传给了儿子
hand something out
1. 分发，散发they handed out free drinks to everyone.他们把免费饮料分发给每个人。2. 使遭受惩罚（或不幸）
hand someone/thing over将（某人，某事）移交（或交托）给他人
hand something round (或 北美
1. 依次向每个人提供a big box of chocolates was handed round.一大盒巧克力被向在场的人分发。
习惯用语
at hand 1. 邻近；在近旁2. 迫在眉睫；即将发生Retribution is at hand.惩罚就要到来
at the hand 或 at the hands of. 由某人或通过某人的机构完成
by hand. 人工完成
hand it to【非正式用语】
1. 给…以信任You've got to hand it to her; she knows what she's doing.你们必须信任她；她知道自己在做什么
in hand1. 在控制之中The project is well in hand.这项计划控制得很好2. 在目前可以得到或使用3. 在准备中
off (one's) hands. 脱离：脱离了某人的管辖权，不再由某人负责或照顾
We finally got that project off our hands.我们最终使得那项计划不再归我们管
on hand. 可用的
on (one's) hands 或 upon (one's) hands. 由某人负责：归某人所有，经常指一种强加的责任或负担
Now they have the grandchildren on their hands.现在他们需要照管孙子
on the one hand. 从一点来说；从一个观点出发
on the other hand. 从另一点来说；从另一个角度出发
out of hand
1. 失去控制Employee absenteeism has gotten out of hand.雇员们的旷工已经失去控制
2. 立刻；立即 3. 完了的，结束的；完成的4. 不合时宜的，不正确的；不慎重的
to hand 1. 近在手边2. 在某人拥有之中
Hang常用词组
hang around 1. 闲荡：悠闲地消磨时间；闲荡2. 陪伴：和某人在一起；厮混
hang back. 变为不情愿；退缩
hang in 【非正式用语】. 坚持不懈decided to hang in despite his illness.尽管他有病在身还是决定坚持
hang off. 退缩；变为不情愿
hang on 1. 纠缠：紧紧握住某物2. 坚持：坚持不放弃；坚持不懈3. 打电话时不挂断4. 稍待：等待一会儿时间
hang out 【俚语】
1. 消磨时间：在某个固定地方消磨空闲时间
“a group of boys who hung out together around what they called ‘Barry's Corner’”(&b{Linda Ellerbee})
“一群在他们所谓的‘巴雷角’消磨时间的男孩们”(&b{琳达·艾勒比})
2. 无所事事；闲荡spent the evening just hanging out.每天晚上只是闲荡
3. 陪伴；约会hanging out with a former boyfriend.与以前的一位男朋友约会
hang together
1. 团结一致；紧密团结
“We must all hang together, or assuredly we shall all hang separately”(&b{Benjamin Franklin})
“我们必须团结一致，不然我们肯定会被个别处以绞刑”(&b{本杰明·富兰克林})
2. 形成有凝聚力的一体diverse plot lines that did not hang together.不同的剧情线索没有形成一体
hang up
1. 悬吊：在钩子上或衣架上挂起
2. 挂断电话：结束电话交谈
3. 【非正式用语】 抑制，障碍：使引起心理上的困境或抑制
Budget problems hung up the project for months.预算问题使得该工程推迟了几个月
The fishing line hung up on a rock.渔船被一块岩石绊住
get the hang of. (非正式)学会…的操作方法（或窍门），熟悉…的做法
it's all quite simple when you get the hang of it.你掌握了操作方法后，就十分简单了。
hang by a thread . it's all quite simple when you get the hang of it.你掌握了操作方法后，就十分简单了。
hang one's hat. (北美，非正式)（在某处）住下
hang heavily (或 heavy). （时间）难以打发，过得很慢
hang in the air. 悬而未决
the success of the Green movement has left that rather uncomfortable question hanging in the air.
绿色运动的成功使这个颇为令人不快的问题悬而未决。
hang a left (或 right). (非正式，主美)向左（或右）转弯；左（或右）拐
New Zealand English. (南非，非正式)极，非常；非常多（或大等）
we had to walk a hang of a long way.我们不得不步行很长一段路。
hang someone out to dry. (非正式，主北美)使某人处于困难（或脆弱）的境地
hang ten. (冲浪)作十趾驾驭（用两脚十趾钩住冲浪板的前沿）
hang tough. (北美)不动摇，坚持下去
let it all hang out. (非正式)变得轻松随便，不拘礼节
not care (或 give) a hang. (非正式)一点也不在乎people just don't give a hang about plants.人们对植物毫不关心。
you may (或 might as well) be hanged for a sheep as
1. (谚)一不做，二不休（两种违规行为所受处罚相同时，如果较严重的一种会带来更多的好处，则人们很可能就会犯较严重的这种）
hang around (或 round 或英 about)
1. （在附近）闲荡，转悠
undercover officers spent most of their time hanging around bars.秘密警察大部分时间都在酒吧闲荡。
2. 和…在一起，与…厮混I hung around with the thugs.我与小流氓们厮混在一起。
hang in. (非正式，主北美)不泄气，坚持下去
in the second half, we just had to &B{hang in there}.在下半场，我们不得不坚决挺住。
hang something on. (非正式)嫁祸于（人）
hang out
1. （洗好的衣物）挂在晾衣绳上晾晒
2. 悬伸在外，垂在外面chaps in jeans with their shirts hanging out.穿着牛仔裤，衬衣下摆拖在外面的小伙子。
3. (非正式)休闲musicians hang out with their own kind.音乐家们与他们的同类一起打发闲暇时光。
4. (澳／新西兰)（在困难条件下）支撑；坚持
hang something out. 把…晾出去，把…挂出去
hang up on. 挂断（某人）的电话
hang something up. 把…挂在钩上Jamie hung up our jackets.吉米把我们的夹克衫挂起来。
习惯用语
give a hang 或 care a hang关心或焦虑I don't give a hang what you do.我不在乎你干什么
hang a left【非正式用语】. （在一辆汽车上）向左转
hang a right【非正式用语】. （在一辆汽车上）向右转
hang fire
1. 拖延
“They are people who hung fire even through the bloody days of the Hungarian Revolution”(&b{Mark Muro})
“他们是一些就算在匈牙利革命的日子里也举棋不定的人”(&b{马克·穆罗})
2. 枪支的迟缓发射
hang in there【非正式用语】. 坚持：尽管有困难也坚持；坚持不懈
She hung in there despite pressure to resign.她无视让她辞职的压力而坚守在那里
hang it up【非正式用语】放弃；退出
hang loose【俚语】沉着或放松
hang on to. 紧紧地握着；抓得很牢Hang on to your money.抓牢你的钱
hang tough【非正式用语】. 保持坚定决心的
“We are going to hang tough on this”(&b{Donald T. Regan})“在这件事情上我们将态度坚决”(&b{唐纳德T.里根})
let it all hang out【俚语】1. 完全地放松2. 绝对地坦率
Hit常用词组
hit on 【俚语】 （性）吸引地注意：对性吸引自发地且通常不受欢迎地注意
can't go into a bar lately without being hit on.最近只要去酒吧，没有不受到注意的
hit up 【俚语】. 请求，要求：尤指接近并向（某人）索要金钱tried to hit me up for a loan.试图请求我贷款
hit-and-miss. 随意的，任意的，偶然的picking a remedy can be a bit hit-and-miss.挑选治疗法可能会有点随意性。
hit-and-run
1. 肇事（或故意损害）后逃跑的；肇事后逃跑造成的损失
he was struck by a hit-and-run driver.他被肇事后逃跑的司机撞的。
hit someone below the belt （非法）击中对手腰以下部位
hit someone for six. (英)严重影响（人）
hit the ground running. (非正式)积极着手进行
hit it off. (非正式)性情相投，合得来
hit the mark. 尝试成功；猜中
hit-or-miss可能成功也可能不成功，随意的her work can be hit-or-miss.她的工作可能行也可能不行。
hit the road (或美trail) (非正式)开始旅行，出发
hit wicket. (板球)摆乌龙
make a hit. 成功，受欢迎you made a big hit with her.你深受她的青睐。
hit on (或 upon)
1. （尤指偶然）发现，想到she hit on a novel idea for fund-raising.她突然想到了一个募捐的新主意。
2. (北美，非正式)调情，挑逗
hit something up. (板球)精神饱满地得分
习惯用语
hit it big【俚语】. 成功investors who hit it big on the stock market.投资者在股票市场上获得了成功
hit it off【非正式用语】. 愉快地交往，相处得很好
hit (someone) over the head【非正式用语】. 过分重复或明显变得多余或傲慢
We were simply hit over the head by the poet's misogynistic imagery.
我们只是对那位诗人嫌忌女性的幻想感到厌烦
hit the books【非正式用语】. 尤指刻苦地学习
hit the bottle【俚语】. 喝烈酒
hit the fan【俚语】. 有严重且通常不利的后果
hit the ground running【非正式用语】. 倾力投入而开始：以极大的精力、投入或才能开始一项新事业
hit the hay 或 hit the sack 【俚语】 去睡觉hit the hay well before midnight.在午夜前睡觉
hit the high points 或 hit the high spots. 注意要点：着重注意最重要的问题或地方
hit the jackpot. 大发横财：大的和意外的成功，尤指赢了一大笔钱
hit the nail on the head. 绝对正确
hit the road【俚语】. 旅行中出发；离开
hit the roof 或 hit the ceiling 【俚语】. 尤指勃然大怒
hit the spot. 给予完全或足够的食物或饮料
Keep常用词组
keep at. 坚持做…：继续某项工作或行为
keep down. 压制，镇压：阻止…成长、完成或成功
keep down prices; keep the revolutionaries down.控制物价；镇压革命
keep off. 躲开，避开
keep to. 坚持，信守keep to the original purpose.遵守原定宗旨
keep up
1. 保持良好状态kept up the property.保存财产
2. 保持；继续We asked her to stop talking, but she kept up.我们请她别再说话了，但她依旧说下去
3. 并行：按相同的水平或步伐继续下去
4. 不落后，赶得上：赶上对手、同事或邻居，指在成就或生活方式上
unsuccessfully tried to keep up with his associates.没能赶上他的同事们
you can't keep a good man (或 woman) down. (非正式)有能力的人是不会被挫折或问题吓倒
keep one's feet. 站稳，不跌倒
keep goal. (主英足)守球门
keep going. （困难时）努力维持正常生活
keep open house. 好客
keep to oneself. 避开与人接触，独处
keep something to oneself. 守口如瓶
keep up with the Joneses. 与人攀比（试图与朋友或邻居保持同样的社会地位和物质水平）
keep wicket. (板球)守板球门
keep someone after. (美)（作为对小学生的惩罚）放学后留校
keep at (或keep someone at). 继续努力，坚持不懈；强迫某人继续不停地做
it was the best part of a day's work but I kept at it.这是一天工作里最难的，但是我坚持下来了。
keep away (或keep someone away)离开，避开；使离开,使避开{keep away from} the edge of the cliff.离开悬崖边。
keep back (或keep someone/thing back) 留在远处，不靠近；阻止靠近
he had kept back from the river when he could.他尽可能地不靠近小河。
keep someone back（因其成绩不好）使（小学生）留级
keep something back. 保留，扣留，扣下the father kept back £5 for himself.父亲扣下了五英镑留给自己。
keep someone down 1. （因其成绩不好）使（小学生）留级2. 征服，镇压，制服（某人）
keep something down
1. 把…控制在较低水平上
the population of aphids is normally kept down by other animals.蚜虫的数量通常被其他动物控制在较低水平上。
2. 不呕吐出
keep from (或keep someone from)
1. 避免做某事；使某人避免做某事
Dinah bit her lips to keep from screaming.黛娜为了不发出尖叫而咬住了自己的嘴唇。
he could hardly &B{keep himself from} laughing.他不禁大笑。
keep something from
1. 对（某人）保密，隐瞒
2. 使避开，使不受影响she could not keep the dismay from her voice.她无法避免嗓音中流露出的沮丧。
keep in with. 和（某人）保持关系良好
keep someone in. 限制某人留在室内（或某个地方）
he should be kept in overnight for a second operation.他应当留下过夜以待第二次手术。
keep something in. 抑制感情he wanted to make me mad, but I kept it all in.他想逼我发火，但是我抑制住了。
keep someone/thing off使某人（或某物）避免侵占；使某人（或某物）不接近
keep your hands off me.你的手不要碰我。
keep someone off. 使（某人）辍（学）
keep on. 继续做某事they would have preferred to keep on working.他们本想继续工作。
keep on about. 就（某事）喋喋不休
keep on at 对…纠缠不休he'd kept on at her, wanting her to go out with him.他对她纠缠不休，要她跟他出去。
keep someone/thing on. 继续使用（或雇用）
keep out (或keep someone/thing out)
1. 留在外面；不让…进来cover with cheesecloth to keep out flies.用薄纱布盖住，防止苍蝇飞进来。
keep someone under
压服，制服，征服（人，群体）the local people are kept under by the army.当地人处于军队压制之下。
keep up with 了解或知道时事或进展
keep someone up 不让（某人）睡觉，熬夜
keep something up. 保持现有的状态；继续事态发展keep up the good work.继续好好干。
习惯用语
for keeps
1. 永远地：无限长的一段时间gave the ring to me for keeps.把这个戒指永久性地送给了我
2. 严肃而永久地We're separating for keeps.我们从此一刀两断
keep an eye out. 警觉
keep company. 相爱a couple who kept company but never married.彼此相爱却不结婚的一对情侣
keep (one's) chin up. 乐观，坚定：在困难面前坚定、勇敢或乐观
keep (one's) eyes open 或 keep (one's) eyes peeled. 警觉，小心
keep (one's) nose clean【非正式用语】. 避开麻烦
keep pace. 并列：与其他人并驾齐驱，如在比赛中
keep (someone) company. 陪伴：陪伴或与…呆在一起
keep time 1. 显示准确时间2. &I{【音乐】} 保持节奏或旋律
keep to (oneself)
1. 避开其他人的陪伴She kept to herself all morning.整个上午她自己一个人呆着
2. 使…不泄露He kept the news to himself.他对这个消息秘而不宣
Knock常用词组
knock around 或 knock about
1. 虐待：粗暴或残忍地对待；虐待
2. 游历：从一个地方漫游到另一个地方knocking around Europe.在欧洲游历
3. 【非正式用语】 讨论，思考met to knock around some ideas.聚在一起讨论一些问题
knock back 【非正式用语】. 喝下（酒精饮料）
knock down
1. 击倒在地：用一击打倒在地；使倒下 2. 拆卸：为了储藏或运输而拆卸成几部份
3. 敲槌宣布卖出：在拍卖会上宣布货物卖出，比如用木槌敲击来宣布
4. 【非正式用语】 削减价格等knocked all the radios down 20 percent.把所有的收音机都降价百分之二十
5. &I{【俚语】} 收到（工资）；赚knocks down $50 an hour.每小时收入50美元
knock off
1. 停止工作knocked off work at noon.中午暂停工作It's after five; let's knock off.已经五点多了；下班吧
2. 【非正式用语】 仓促写出，即席作成：仓促或轻易地完成、做完或处理；结束
That author knocks off a book a year.那位作者在一年内仓促完成了这本书
3. 【非正式用语】 除掉；消除knocked off 12 pounds in a month.一个月内体重减了12磅
4. &I{【俚语】} 杀，战胜 5. &I{【俚语】} 持枪抢劫，拦路抢劫knocked off a bank.抢劫银行
6非正式用语】 翻印：复印或模仿，尤指在未经允许的情况下knocking off someone else's ideas.抄袭别人的构想
knock out
1. 使昏迷不醒 2. &I{【体育运动】} 击倒对手：通过击到对方而击败（拳击比赛中的对手）
3. 使无用，使失去效能The storm knocked out the telephones.风暴使电话中断
4. 【非正式用语】 尽心尽力：最大程度地努力或用尽（自己或别人的）力量
knocked herself out to be ready on time.为了及时作好准备她竭尽全力
knock together 仓促完成：很快或粗粗地制作或拼凑
knock up 1. 【俚语】使怀孕 2. 【多用于英国】敲门叫醒或召唤 3. 【多用于英国】}用尽力气；精疲力竭
knock someone's block off. (非正式)愤怒猛打
knock someone dead. (非正式)给某人留下深刻印象
knock someone into the middle of next week. (非正式)对某人猛打
knock it off. (非正式)［用于告诉某人停止做烦人或愚蠢的事］住手，别闹了
knock someone/thing on the head. （打头部）打昏；打死
knock spots off. (英，非正式)轻松地胜过
the school of hard knocks. （有教育意义的）困苦经历
you could have knocked me (或her, him，等) down with. (非正式)我（她，他等）极为惊讶
knock about (或around). (非正式)漫游，漂泊
for a couple of years she and I knocked around the Mediterranean.我和她在地中海漫游了两三年。
knock someone/thing about (或around) （因粗暴对待而）损害，伤害
knock someone back Brit. informal 英，非正式1. 拒绝某人，挫伤某人 2. 花掉某人一大笔钱
buying that house must have knocked them back a bit.买下那幢房子一定花费了他们一大笔钱。
knock something back 1. (非正式)（快速地）喝下，喝掉2. （烘烤前）揉发好的面团
knock someone down. （人，车辆）撞倒某人
knock something down
1. 拆毁建筑2. （拍卖中）确认买主，一锤定音 3. (美，非正式)挣工资4. (澳／新西兰，非正式)随意用工资付款
knock someone off 1. (非正式)杀死某人2. (英，粗俚)与（女人）性交
knock something off 1. (非正式)（仓促草率地）作出，完成 2. (非正式)折扣
when the bill came they knocked off £600 because of a little scratch.
账单收到后，他们因一点擦痕减掉了600英镑。
3. (英，非正式)偷东西 4. (板球)取得得胜分
there was plenty of time for the Middlesbrough batsmen to knock off the runs.
有足够的时间让米德尔斯布勒的击球手取得得胜分。
knock on
1. (非正式)变老don't you think you're knocking on a bit for this.你不认为你正为此变老吗？。
2. (英橄)（犯规动作）以手或臂向前击球
knock something out
1. 破坏机器，使机器不能运转 2. (非正式)快速地做
if you knock out a thousand words a day you'll soon have finished.如果你每天写出 1,000字，你将会很快完成。
3. 磕净（烟斗)，敲空（烟斗）4. (澳／新西兰，非正式)赚（钱）
knock someone over. 同knock someone down
knock something over. (北美，非正式)抢劫（商店等）
knock someone sideways. (非正式)使震惊
knock something together. 匆匆拼凑，草草做成
knock someone up 1. (英)敲门唤醒（或引人注意）2. (非正式主美)使怀孕
knock something up 1. (英)仓促制成2. (板球)得分快速上升
习惯用语
have it knocked【俚语】. 确信能成功
“He knew he had it knocked after he saw a rough cut of&I{Chinatown} ” (&b{Time})
“他在看了&I{唐人街} 的粗制烟叶后，他知道自己已经成功了” (&b{时代})
knock cold. 使昏迷；击昏
knock dead 1. 一拳打死2.【俚语】强烈而肯定地影响
an amazing performance that knocked the audience dead.一场使观众为之倾倒的精彩演出
knock for a loop【俚语】. 使非常吃惊；使震惊
knock it off【俚语】. 别吵了。用于祈使句Knock it off! I'm trying to sleep.别闹了！我要睡觉了
knock out of the box【棒球】. 打掉投手：由于一再击中球而使（对方投球手）出局
knock the socks off 或 knock someone's socks off 【俚语】. 使不知所措，使吃惊
Live常用词组
live down. 洗心革面：在一段时间后克服或减轻了（如罪行）带来的耻辱
live in. 寄宿于工作处household servants who live in.家仆住在主人家中
live out. 不住在受雇的主人家household servants who live out.不住在主人家的仆人们
live with. 忍受；顺应disliked the situation but had to live with it.不喜欢这种状态但必须忍受它
as I live and breathe ［多用于英语口语中，表达见到某人某事的惊喜］真没想到
good God, Jack Stone, as I live and breathe!.老天，杰克•斯通，真没想到！。
live and breathe something. 热衷于
they live and breathe Italy and all things Italian.他们热衷于意大利和与意大利有关的所有东西。
live and let live. (谚)给别人留点儿面子（或： 自己活也让别人活；相互宽容）
live dangerously. 活在刀刃上
live in hope. 乐观，活在希望中
live in the past. 活在过去里，思想守旧，老古董
live it up. (非正式)狂欢，尽情享乐
live out of a suitcase. （因公）经常出差居无定所，提着衣箱过日子，背着铺盖卷过日子
live one's own life 按自己的意志活；靠自己活
live rough. 无家可归，露宿街头
live to fight another day. 大难不死，熬过来了
live to regret something. 追悔莫及，悔不该当初
those who put work before their family life often live to regret it.把工作看得比家庭重的人常常追悔莫及。
live to tell the tale. 大难不死，以示后人
live with oneself. 要脸，保持自尊
taking money from children—how can you live with yourself?.从孩子手里拿钱——你还要不要脸了？。
long live —! ［用以表达忠诚和支持］…万岁！long live the Queen!.女王万岁！。
where one lives (北美，非正式)在死穴上，在要害处it gets me where I live.这下点了我的死穴。
you haven't lived. ［多见于口语，向未经历过的人热情介绍］你是不知道啊！
you (或 we) live and learn ［用于口语，承认不知 道 ］活到老学到老
go live. (计算机)（系统）启动
live something down. ［常用于否定句中］洗心革面，重新来过
live for. 是…的生命， 为…活着Tony lived for his painting.绘画是托尼的生命。
live off (或 on). 靠…过日子，以…为生
if you think you're going to live off me for the rest of your life, you're mistaken.
你要是以为能靠我过日子，那就想错了。
live something out
1. 实现（梦想）
your wedding day is the one time that you can live out your most romantic fantasies.
结婚那天，你可以实现自己最浪漫的梦想。
2. 度过余生he lived out his days as a happy family man.他作为一个居家男人度过余生。
live through. 熬过both men lived through the Depression.两个人都熬过了大萧条。
live together. （未婚）同居
习惯用语
live it up【俚语】
1. 沉湎于欢乐或铺张浪费中
live up to
1. 遵从…生活或行动lived up to their parents' ideals.遵从他们父母的理想去生活
2. 证明与…等同a new technology that did not live up to our expectations.一种并不符合我们期望的新技术
3. 实行；完成lived up to her end of the bargain.达到她交易的目的
Lay常用词组
lay about. 向四面八方打击
lay aside 1. 放弃；抛弃lay aside all hope of rescue.放弃援救的希望2. 储备：为将来贮存
lay away 1. 储蓄：为将来储备；贮存2. 收藏：搁置并保留至以后交付
lay by 储备：储存供将来之用
lay down
1. 放弃并投降laid down their arms.缴械投降2. 规定laid down the rules.制定法规
3. 储备：为将来储备4. &I{【非标准用语】} 躺下
lay for 【非正式用语】. 等待进行攻击
Muggers lay for the unsuspecting pedestrian in the dark alley.
拦路抢劫者等候在黑暗的小巷中准备袭击那些毫无防范的行人
lay in. 储备：储存以备将来之用lay in supplies for an Arctic winter.为北极的严冬储备给养
lay into 【俚语】1. 严厉批评2. 肉体攻击；痛打
lay off
1. 暂时解雇员工：停止雇用（工人），尤指暂时性的
2. 划界线lay off an area for a garden.划出一块区域作为花园
3. &I{【俚语】} 停止做某事；放弃
4. &I{【游戏】} 两面下注：把全部或一部分定好的赌注分担给另一赌马者以降低风险
lay on
1. 带有：将某物抹在或好象涂在一平整表面上laid on a thick Southern accent.带有很重的南方口音
2. 精心准备：通常指以精心策划的方法准备；安排
laid on cocktails for 50 at the last minute.最后时刻才调制好50份鸡尾酒
3. &I{【俚语】} 提出或揭露；面临
“went around talking to people about anything until he could lay his standard question on them”(&b{John Vinocur})“他在人群中转来转去，谈天说地，直到他最后向他们提出他的权威性问题”(&b{约翰·维诺克})
lay out
1. 设计：为…制定详细计划 2. 穿寿衣：为（尸体）穿衣做殡葬准备
3. 严厉批评She laid me out for breaking the vase.因为打碎了花瓶，她痛骂我一顿
4. 击到在地，打昏：击倒在地或打得失去知觉
5. 消费；花钱lay out a fortune on jewelry.买珠宝花了一大笔钱
6. 展览lay out merchandise; lay the merchandise out.展出商品；展示商品
lay over. 落脚：在旅行过程中停留
lay to 【航海】1. 使（船）在公海上停留2. 顶着风停止
lay up
1. 储备：为将来之用而储存lay up supplies for a long journey.为漫长的旅途储备给养
2. 【非正式用语】 在家修养：因病或伤而闭门不出was laid up for a month.在家休养一个月
3. &I{【航海】} 使（船）进入船坞，如进行修理
in lay （母鸡）定期下蛋的，产卵期中的
lay something bare. 曝光，揭露the sad tale of failure was laid bare.惨败的故事被披露了。
lay a charge. 指控，控告we could lay a charge of gross negligence.我们可以控告玩忽职守。
lay claim to something提出所有权要求four men laid claim to the leadership.有四人争夺领导权。
lay eyes on 1. four men laid claim to the leadership.有四人争夺领导权。
lay a (或the) ghost. 驱除悲伤（或恐惧，忧虑等）状态；去除阴影
we need to lay the ghost of the past and condemn Nazism.我们需要驱除过去的阴影，声讨纳粹主义。
lay hands on 1. 找到，抓到they huddled trying to keep warm under anything they could lay hands on.
他们挤在一起，想用能到手的任何东西盖在身上保暖。
2. （尤指行坚信礼、接受圣职或精神康复）置手于
lay(或put)one's hands on找到，得到I would read every book I could lay my hands on.我会读能找到的每一本书。
lay hold of (或on)抓住
he was afraid she might vanish if he did not lay hold of her.他担心如果不抓住她，她可能会消失。
lay someone low （疾病）使躺倒
lay something on thick (或with a trowel). (非正式)夸张，夸大
lay someone open to. 使暴露在危险下
his position could lay him open to accusations of favouritism.他的职位可以让他蒙受偏袒的指控。
lay oneself out to do something. (主英)特意做she's laying herself out to be pleasant.她特意取悦于人。
lay someone/thing to rest. 掩埋人（或物）
lay something aside. 放在一边he laid aside his book.他把书放在一边。
lay something down
1. 放下she finished her eclair and laid down her fork.她吃完巧克力泡夫，放下了餐叉。
2. 制订，实施（或坚持）（规定，原则）stringent criteria have been laid down.已经制订了严厉的标准。
3. 铺设the floors were constructed by laying down precast concrete blocks.
地面是通过铺设预制混凝土块建成的。
4. 用酒窖贮藏（葡萄酒） 5. 付款，下赌注
6. (非正式)录制（音乐）
he was invited to the studio to lay down some backing vocals.他被请到录音棚去录制一些伴奏声乐。
lay something in/up. 贮存（某物）以备需要
lay into. (非正式)袭击，口头攻击three youths laid into him.三个青年袭击了他。
lay someone off. 解雇，使下岗
lay something off 1. (主英足)传球2. （墙面等）刷最后一层涂料，抛光3. （赌马）另下赌注，两头下注
lay something on (主英)提供服务（或设施）the council provides a grant to lay on a bus.市政会出资提供公交车。
lay someone out
1. （为死者）装殓
2. (非正式)打昏he was lucky that the punch didn't lay him out.他很幸运，那一拳没有把他打昏。
lay something out
1.（尤指为检查）摊开
the police were insisting that suitcases should be opened and their contents laid out.
警察坚持要打开手提箱，让里面东西一目了然。
2. 按照规划建造they proceeded to lay out a new town.他们开始规划建造新城。
3. (非正式)花一笔钱look at the money I had to lay out for your uniform.看看我给你买队服要花的钱。
lay someone up（疾病，受伤）使躺倒he was laid up with his familiar fever.他常犯的发烧使他病倒了。
lay something up
1. 停开（船等）our boats were laid up during the winter months.我们的船在冬季停开。
2. （造胶合板等时）叠加板层
习惯用语
lay down the law. 发号施令：肯定且通常是傲慢地宣称
lay it on thick【非正式用语】1. 夸张；夸大的叙述 2. 溜须拍马：拼命地恭维拍马
lay of the land. 某物的性质、排列或布置
lay rubber【俚语】. 留下橡胶：将机动车从静止状态猛然提升到很高的速度时，车轮旋转，后胎或轮胎便会在路上留下一薄层烧尽的橡胶
lay waste. 劫掠Rebel troops laid waste the town.叛军洗劫了这座城镇
Lie常用词组
lie down. 少有作为，一事无成He's lying down on the job.他在工作上一事无成
lie in. 等待分娩
lie to 【航海】. 受阻，滞航：顶风时停滞不动
lie with 1. 由…决定，取决于，视…而定The choice lies with you.你来做出选择2. 【古语】与某人性交
let something lie. 将（有争议或问题的事）搁置，把…束之高阁
lie heavy on one让人感到麻烦，让人不舒服
lie in state（伟人遗体安葬前）受公众吊唁
lie in wait 埋伏准备惊吓（或袭击、抓住）某人
lie low（尤指罪犯）隐匿，躲藏
at the time of the murder he appears to have been lying low in a barn.看上去谋杀发生时，他一直躲藏在谷仓里。
the lie ( 北美1. 地貌
take something lying down. ［多用于否定］默默承受侮辱（或挫折、指责等）
lie ahead. 即将发生；蓄势待发I'm excited by what lies ahead.我为即将发生的事情而激动不已。
lie around/about（物）随便放
I became irritated at the pills and potions lying around in every corner of the house.
房子里到处都是药片和药剂，使我十分恼火。
lie behind. 是（事件）背后真正的原因
a subtle strategy lies behind such silly claims.如此愚蠢的要求背后隐藏着诡秘的计谋。
lie off. (航海)稍离陆地（或他船）
lie over. (美)中止旅行
Steven and I will lie over in New York, then fly to London.史蒂文和我将在纽约中止旅行，然后飞往伦敦。
lie to. (航海)（因逆风航行而）滞航
lie up （船）进船坞停驶；退役
give the lie to. 证明…是假的
these figures give the lie to the notion that Britain is excessively strike-ridden.
这些数字证明，关于英国被过多的罢工所困扰的说法不符合实际情况。
I tell a lie (或 that's a lie). (非正式)[说错话并马上意识到时作自我纠正的用 语]我说错了
I never used to dream — I tell a lie, I did dream when I was little.
我从不做梦——我说错了，我小时候还是做过梦的。
lie through one's teeth. (非正式)毫不悔恨地撒弥天大谎，恬不知耻地说谎
习惯用语
lie low 或 lay low 1. 隐匿：使自己或自己的计划不为人所知2. 等待时机：不露声色地时刻准备行动
Lead常用词组
lead off 1. 开始；开端2. &I{【棒球】} 一局中的第一位击球手
lead on 1. 诱惑，引诱：使处于一种期盼或希望的状态；诱惑2. 误导；欺骗
lead someone astray. 使误入歧途，使想入非非
lead someone by the nose. (非正式)（尤指用欺骗手段）牵着鼻子走
lead from the front. 身先士卒，带头干
lead someone up (或北美down) the garden path. (非正式)提供误导的线索（或信号）
lead with one's chin. (非正式)（拳击运动员）未保护下巴
get the lead out. (非正式，主北美)加快脚步，加快工作
lead in one's pencil. 精力，活力，（尤指）男人性 能力
lead someone on. 误导，欺骗（尤指使相信自己引人喜爱）
习惯用语
lead up to 1. 由一系列步骤导致events leading up to the coup.导致政变的事件2. 用前言引入（一主要话题）
get the lead out【非正式用语】. 开始运动或加快运动
Line常用词组
line up
1. 排成直线，形成直线2. 组织准备好lined up considerable support for the bill.准备好对此法案的重要支持
above the line 1. (财政)日常支出的2. (桥牌)在横线上方的（指奖分和罚分不计算在内的）
all (the way) down (或 along) the line. 在每一阶段，全线，全部
the mistakes were due to lack of care all down the line.错误是因在每一环节上都不够谨慎而造成的。
along (或 down) the line. 在某一时刻，在某一阶段，稍后
I knew that somewhere down the line there would be an inquest.我知道在某一阶段陪审团会进行讯问。
below the line 1. (财政)资本支出的2. (桥牌)可以要虚牌的点数
bring someone/thing into line. 使符合，使一致
the change in the law will bring Britain into line with Europe.法律的修改将让英国和欧洲一致起来。
come down to the line. （比赛）比分紧咬，相持不下
come into line. 一致
Britain has come into line with other Western democracies in giving the vote to its citizens living abroad.
英国已经和其他西方民主国家一样，让海外公民拥有选举权了。
the end of the line. 尽头，极限（指再作努力已无用的时刻或阶段）
get a line on. (非正式)了解（某事）
in line
1. 控制住，在控制下that threat kept a lot of people in line.那威胁吓住了很多人。
2. (主北美)站成一排
I always peer at other people's baskets as we stand in line.我们排队时，我总是瞟一瞟别人的篮子。
in the line of duty. （主要指警官、士兵）值班，在岗
in (或 out of) line with. 与…符号，与…一致，与…不符合，与…不一致
remuneration is in line with comparable international organizations.报酬与同等国际机构一致。
lay (或 put) it on the line. 直说
(draw) a line in the sand （指明）达到极限，到此为止
line abreast. (航海)（船队航行时的）横队队形，并列队形
line ahead. (航海)（船队航行时的）纵队队形，直线队形
line astern. 飞机编队飞行中的（或船队航行时的）纵队队形
line of credit. 信用贷款额度
line of fire. 火力线，导弹航线
residents within line of fire were evacuated from their homes.火力线上的住户都撤离了家园。
line of flight. 航线
line of force. 力线（假想出来代表磁力、重力或电磁场大小和方向的线）
line of march. 行军路线
line of scrimmage. (美橄)争球线
line of sight （无遮挡的）视线（指从眼睛到所见物之间的直线）
a building which obstructs our line of sight.一幢挡住了我们视线的大楼。
line of vision 视线（指观察者视物的直线）
Jimmy moved forward into Len's line of vision.吉米走向前进入了列恩的视线。
line one's pocket. （尤指用欺骗手段）赚钱
line out. (棒球)击球手因击出的平直球被接住而出局
line something out 移栽（永久性栽种之前将幼苗从苗床移至苗圃）
line someone/thing up line up
1. 将…排成一行2. 准备好，让…准备就绪have you got any work lined up?.你们准备好工作了吗？。
习惯用语
all along the line 1. 每个地方，处处2. 随时，全过程的
down the line 1. 从头至尾；自始至终Errors are to be found down the line.错误处处可见 2. 将来的某一点或结果
in line for. 即将得到的in line for the presidency.即将成为总统的
on the line 1. 随时可支付的2. 得冒险的；有危险的
“Careers were on the line once again”(&b{Seymour M. Hersh})“职业再一次面临危险”(&b{西摩M.赫什})
out of line 1. 不合适的；不恰当2. 举止粗鲁的，失去控制的
Let常用词组
let down 1. 放下，降下：使其逐渐下来；降低let down the sails.放下船帆2. 使失望：没有达到所期望的；使沮丧
let on 1. 宣扬；承认Don't let on that you know me.不要让人知道你认识我2. 假装
let out
1. 终止；结束School let out early. The play let out at 11&b{p.m.}学校放学早。话剧&b{晚上} 11点结束
2. 使知道；泄露Who let that story out?是谁泄露了消息?
3. 放大（衣服）：增大（例如衣服的）尺寸let out a coat.放大一件外衣
let up1. 放慢；减缓didn't let up in their efforts.他们没有松劲2. 停止；暂停The rain let up.雨停下来了
let someone/thing alone 1. The rain let up.雨停下来了
let someone/thing be. 别打扰，不干预let him be—he knows what he wants.随他去吧——他知道自己要做什么。
let someone down gently. 委婉告诉，给…台阶下
let something drop (或 fall)无意中说出，不经意透露
from the things he let drop I think there was a woman in his life.从他随口说出的话里，我听出他身边有一个女人。
let fall. (几何)向一直线作垂线
let fly. 对…进行（身体或语言）攻击
the troops let fly with shells loaded with chemical weapons.军队用化学武器炮弹进行攻击。
let oneself go
1. 率性而为you need to unwind and let yourself go.你该放松下来，干点自己想干的事。
2. 不修边幅，邋遢he's really let himself go since my mother died.自从妈妈去世之后，他变得越来越邋遢。
let someone/thing go
1. 放，释放they let the hostages go.他们放了人质。
2. 放开，释放Adam let go of the reins.亚当脱手缰绳。you must let the past go.你必须摆脱过去。
let someone have it
1. (非正式)揍，教训；痛骂I really let him have it for worrying me so much.他老是烦我，我好好教训了他一顿。
let in (或 out) the clutch. 咬合（或放开）离合器
let it drop (或 rest)到此为止
let it go (或 pass). 不搭理the decision worried us, but we let it go.这决定让我们担心，不过我们没去理它。
let someone know. 告诉某人let me know what you think of him.告诉我你怎么看他。
let someone/thing loose. 放开，放松（某人或某物）let the dog loose for a minute.把狗放开一会儿吧。
let me see (或 think). ［暂时停下，回想某事或考虑下面的话］让我想想
now let me see, where did I put it?.让我想想，我把它放哪儿了？。
let me tell you. ［表示强调］告诉你吧let me tell you, I was very scared!.告诉你吧，我吓坏了。
let off steam//let me tell you, I was very scared!.告诉你吧，我吓坏了。
let rip let me tell you, I was very scared!.告诉你吧，我吓坏了。
let's face it (或 let's be honest). (非正式)［表示应面对现实］老实说，说实在的
let's be honest, your taste in men is famously bad.老实说，你看男人的眼光简直差极了。l
let's pretend. 模拟游戏；逢场作戏
let's say (或 let us say)
［引出假设或可能情况］假设let's say we agreed to go our separate ways.假设我们同意分道扬镳。
to let. （房屋）可供出租的
let or hindrance (正式)妨碍，阻碍
the passport opened frontiers to the traveller without let or hindrance.这一护照使旅行者可以无阻碍地入境。
play a let（网球运动等）触网重发
let someone down. 不支持，辜负，拆台
let something down
1. 放下，放低they let down a basket on a chain.他们用链子把篮子放了下去。
2. 放出（褶边)，放长（衣服）3. (英)给车胎放气
let oneself in for (非正式)陷入，卷入（麻烦）
I didn't know what I was letting myself in for.我不知道自己会卷入什么样的麻烦之中。
let someone in on/into. 让（某人）知道（内情）I'll let you into a secret.我告诉你一个秘密。
let something into把…嵌入，插入the basin is partly let into the wall.洗手盆部分嵌入墙内。
let someone off
1. （对错误或非法行为）从轻处理，放过he was let off with a caution.他受了警告就轻松逃脱了。
2. 允许不必（工作）he let me off work for the day.他允许我这天不干活。
let something off. 放（枪，爆竹，炸弹）
let on informal 非正式
1. 放口风，泄漏秘密
she knows a lot more than she lets on.她知道的比透露出来的多得多。
[with clause]I never let on that he made me feel anxious.我从未告诉别人他让我担心的秘密。
2. 假装[with clause]they all let on they didn't hear me.他们都假装没听见我的话。
let someone out. 不再让（某人）负责，不再猜疑（某人）
they've started looking for motives—that lets me out.他们已经开始寻找动机 了——我的嫌疑也因此被排除了。
let something out
1. 发出声音或喊叫he let out a sigh of happiness.他愉快地舒了口气。
2. （尤指改缝）放大（衣服）
3. 透露消息[with clause]she let out that he'd given her a lift home.她透露说他开车送她回家。
习惯用语
let alone. 更不用提；更别说
“Their ancestors had been dirt poor and never saw royalty, let alone hung around with them”(&b{Garrison Keillor})
“他们的祖先穷得要命，从来没有见过王族成员，更不用说和他们在一起了”(&b{加里森·谢勒})
let go. 不再雇用；解雇had to let 20 workers go.必须解雇二十名工人
let off on【非正式用语】降低，如压力；缓和
Let off on the gas so that we do not exceed the speed limit.减小油门以防止超过限速
let (one's) hair down消除某人的拘谨或压抑
let up on较宽容地对待Why don't you let up on the poor child?你为什么不能较宽容地对待这个可怜的孩子呢?
Leave常用词组
leave alone. 不打扰：防止打搅或干扰
leave off 1. 停止；结束2. 停止做或使用
be left at the post. （比赛，竞争）一开始就注定失败
be left for dead疑死（或必死）而舍弃
be left to oneself. 听其自由发展
women, left to themselves, would make the world a beautiful place to live in.
妇女，如果放手让她们做想做的，会把世界变得美丽宜人。
leave someone be. (非正式)不打扰，别管
leave someone cold引不起兴趣the Romantic poets left him cold.浪漫主义诗人引不起他的兴趣。
leave go (非正式)放开leave go of me!.放开我！。
leave hold of. 放开
leave it at that. 到此为止，不再说（或做）
if you are not sure of the answers, say so, and leave it at that.如果你对答案没把握，那就到此为止吧。
leave much (或 a lot) to be desired. 远不能令人满意，极不完善
by (或 with) your leave
1. 经您同意with your leave, I will send him your address.经您同意，我将把您的地址给他。
2. （为粗鲁或讨厌行为）道歉she came in without so much as a by your leave.她未表示任何歉意就闯了进来。
take one's leave. (正式)道别he went to &B{take his leave of} his hostess.他过去向女主人道别。
take leave to do something. (正式)斗胆做，冒昧做
whether this amounts to much, one may take leave to doubt.不管这是否要紧，人们可以大胆质疑。
leave something off. 忽略，遗漏
a bolt may have been left off the plane's forward door during production.生产中也许漏装了飞机前门一个门闩。
leave someone/thing out. 未能包括
it seemed unkind to leave Daisy out, so she was invited too.不把戴茜包括在内似乎很无情，于是她也被邀请。
[as adj. left out]Olivia was feeling rather left out.奥利维亚觉得受排斥
Look常用词组
look like
1. 看上去像The toy looks like a real dog.那个玩具看上去像真正的狗。
2. 很可能出现〔引起〕(某事、做某事)It looks like rain; Let's start for home.天像是要下雨了, 咱们回家吧!
look after. 照顾looked after his younger brother.照顾他的小弟弟
look for1. 寻找；搜索looking for my gloves.找我的手套
2. 希望Look for a change of weather in March.希望三月天气会变
look on 或 look upon. 认为，看待：用某种方式看待looked on them as incompetents.认为他们不胜任
look out. 小心，当心；注意
If you don't look out, you may fall on the ice. We looked out for each other on the trip.
如果不小心的话，你会在冰上摔倒的。我们在旅途中互相照看
look to 1. 期望He looked to hear from her.他期望收到她的信2. 看似将要；许诺做
“an ‘Action Program,’ which . . . looked to reduce tariffs on over 1,800 items”(&b{Alan D. Romberg})
“一个…许诺削减1500种物品关税的‘行动计划’”(&b{艾伦D.龙伯格})
look up. 查找：在参考书中寻找并找到 2. 拜访look up an old friend.拜访一个老朋友
3. 变得更好；改善Things are at last looking up.情况终于有所改观
look one's age. 符合年龄
look before you leap. (谚)三思而后行
look down one's nose at. 同 look down on
look someone in the eye (或 face). 直视
look lively. (非正式)打起精神来，快点干
look the other way. 纵容，视而不见
they do look the other way at corrupt practices here.他们对这里的腐败视而不见。
look sharp. 快
look to the future. 放眼未来
look someone up and down仔细打量，审视
look back 1. 回顾
don't waste time looking back on things which have caused you distress.不要浪费时间去回想那些伤心的往事。
2. 踯躅不前
she launched her own company in 1981 and has never looked back.她于1981年开创自己的公司，从此勇往直前。
look down on. 轻视
look in. 短暂拜访I will &B{look in on} you tomorrow.我明日来拜访您一下。
look on. 旁观Cameron was looking on and making no move to help.卡梅伦在一旁看着，没上前帮忙。
look something out. (英)寻找，产生
I've got a catalogue somewhere and I'll look it out if you're interested.
我这儿有个目录，你要是有兴趣我就给你找出来。
look someone up (非正式)与…接触，与…交往
look something up. 查询
习惯用语
look a gift horse in the mouth【非正式用语】. 天上掉下的馅饼：对不付任何代价就得到的某物表示批评或怀疑
look alive 或 look sharp 【非正式用语】
1. 快：快速地行动或反应Look alive! We leave in five minutes.快点！我们五分钟内出发
look down on 或 look down upon. 轻视：以轻蔑或屈尊的态度看待
look down (one's) nose at 或 look down (one's) nose on轻视：以轻蔑或屈尊的态度看待
look forward to. 期望：以满意、急切的希望想着（将来的一件事）looking forward to graduation.期待着毕业
look up to. 仰慕looked up to the older poet.仰慕那位年老些的诗人
Move常用词组
move in. 搬进：开始占据一个住宅地或商业场所
get a move on. (非正式)快些，赶紧
get moving. (非正式)赶快；快些开始you're here to work, so get moving.你来这儿是干活的，那就快干。
make a move采取行动each army was waiting for the other side to make a move.双方军队都在等对方先动手。
make a move on (或 put the moves on). (非正式)向（某人）提出想法（尤指性要求）
move with the times与时俱进
move along（尤指为避免拥堵而）向前走，继续前进
‘Move along, move along,’ said the constable.警官说：“往前走，别停。”。
move on (或 move someone on)（要求…）走开，（要求…）不要停留
the Mounties briskly ordered them to move on.加拿大骑警不客气地命令他们走开。
move out (或 move someone out) （使）迁出；（使）离职
move over (或 aside) （为给他人腾出地方而）挪动
Jo motioned to the girls on the couch to move over.乔示意坐在沙发上的女孩子挪动一下腾点地方。
move up靠拢;（为腾地方而）挪动do move up, there's just room for me if you do.挪一挪，这样我正好能坐下了。
习惯用语
get a move on【非正式用语】. 马上开始；准备出发
move in on
1. 侵入：向着某地具有侵犯性质地前进；侵入
2. 控制：想要掌握控制权moving in on their territory.想控制他们的领地
on the move
1. 忙碌的：忙碌地东奔西走的；积极的A nurse is on the move all day.护士整日忙个不休
2. 迁移不定的：从一个地方到另一处的troops on the move.正在转移的部队
3. 有进展的；前进的a technology that is clearly on the move.明显有进展的技术
Make常用词组
make for
1. 造成，促成：有或促使有某种特定的效果或者结果的small details that make for comfort.令人舒适的小节
2. 帮助提升；推进makes for better communication.促进更好的交流
make off急忙离开；跑走
make out
1. 辨明：辨明或看清，特别是在有困难的情况下
I could barely make out the traffic signs through the rain.在雨中我几乎看不清交通标志
2. 理解could not make out what she was saying.不能理解她在说些什么
3. 写下来；列出made out the invoices.开具发票
4. 填写（如表格）
5. 【非正式用语】 暗示，建议You make me out to be a liar.你暗示我不要说谎
6. 【非正式用语】 试图建立或者证明He made out that he was innocent.他试图证明自己是无辜的
7. 进展：在给定的道路上前进；进展made out well in business.在生意上进展顺利
8. 发生性关系
make over 1. 改装；革新
2.转让;改变或者转移所有权,通常是通过法律文件的方式made over the property to her son.把财产转到她儿子名下
make up
1. 整理；建立或捏造make up a prescription.开一个药方
2. 构成；组成One hundred years make up a century.一百年构成一个世纪
3. 用化妆品化妆
4. 捏造，编造：杜撰小说或谎话；捏造made up an excuse.编造借口
5. 补偿made up the difference in the bill.弥补了帐单上的差额make up the lost time.补足失去的时间
6. 和好：平息一场争吵kissed and made up.亲吻和好
7. 献殷勤，巴结：提出献殷勤或讨好的建议。和&I{to} 连用made up to his friend's boss.向他朋友的老板献殷勤
8. 补考，补课：因为以前缺席或不及格在一段时间后再考或再上课
9. 整理，收拾make up a room.把房间收拾好
10. &I{【印刷术】} 排版，整版made up the front page.为封面排版
make with 【俚语】
1. 使用a flirt making with the eyes.用眼睛调情 2. 长出；制造always making with the jokes.总是谈笑风声
be made of money (非正式)非常富有
be made up. (北英格兰，非正式)很高兴，很愉快we're made up about the baby.我们因为孩子感到非常高兴。
have (got) it made
1. (非正式)注定成功because your dad's a manager, he's got it made.因为你爸爸是经理，他肯定能成功。
make a day (或night) of it. （尤指愉快地）干（或玩）一整天（或一整夜）
make someone's day. 使某人的一天过得难忘（或愉快）；使某人的一天生色
make a House. (英)（下议院中）获得达到法定人数的议员到场
make like (北美，非正式)假装；模仿
tell the whole group to make like a bird by putting their arms out.告诉所有组员张开双臂装作鸟。
make or break. 不成则败，成功或失败
make sail. (航海)张帆，扬帆
make up one's mind下定决心，决定he made up his mind to attend the meeting.他决定参加会议。
on the make. (非正式)（尤指肆无忌惮地）追逐名利
put the make on (北美， 非正式)向…求欢，要求同…发生性关系
make after (古)追逐，追捕
make away. 同 make off
make something of重视；在意
oddly, he &B{makes little of} America's low investment rates.奇怪的是，他并不重视美国的低投资率。
make out informal 非正式
1. 进展；过日子how are you making out, now that the summer's over?.夏天过去了，你们现在生活得如何啊？。
2. (北美，非正式)发生性关系Ernie was &B{making out with} Berenice.厄尼和贝伦尼斯搞上了。
make someone/thing out
1. 看出；听出；辨认出in the dim light it was difficult to make out the illustration.在昏暗的光线下很难看清那说明。
2. 断言；描绘I'm not as bad as I'm &B{made out to be}.我并不像别人所说的那样坏。
3. 起草，写出（尤指正式的名单或文件） advice about making out a will.关于写遗嘱的建议。
send a cheque &B{made out to} Trinity College.寄出开给三一学院的支票。
make something over 1. 转让某物
if he dies childless he is to make over his share of the estate to his brother.
如果他去世时没有子女，他将把自己的那份财产转给他的兄弟。
2. 将某物翻新；改做；重做某物（尤指发型、化妆或衣服）
make someone up. 为…化妆
make something up
1. 补充某物，补足某物；弥补某物I'll make up the time tomorrow.明天我把时间补回来。
2. 组成，构成 women make up 56 per cent of the student body.女性占学生总数的56% 。
the team is made up of there women and two men.小组由三女二男组成。
3. 合成，配制
make up the mortar to a consistency that can be moulded in the hands.把灰泥调制成可用手捏成形的软硬程度。
4. 编造；捏造she enjoyed making up tall tales.她喜欢编造荒诞不经的故事。
make up to (非正式)讨好，奉承
you can't go on about morals when you're making up to Adam like that.
你是不能多谈道德品行的，如果你真是那样想讨好亚当。
make with. (美，非正式)使用；提供
make with the feet, honey—you're embarrassing Jim.走吧，亲爱的——你让吉姆难堪了。
习惯用语
make a clean breast of坦白交待
make a face. 改变脸部的容貌；扮鬼脸
make a go of. 在…获得成功have made a go of the business.生意上获得了成功
make away with 1. 处理；偷2. 用光或消费3. 杀死或破坏
make believe. 假装
make bold. 冒险
I will not make so bold as to criticize such a distinguished scholar.我不会冒险去批评这么杰出的一位学者
make book【游戏】. 在赛马、比赛或竞赛中接受赌注
make do. 用手头拥有的钱去勉强应付had to make do on less income.不得不用较少的收入来应付
make ends meet. 收支平衡：设法使某人的财产和花费相抵
make eyes. 向…送秋波
make fun of. 嘲笑；嘲讽
make good
1. 成功地实施He made good his escape.他成功地逃脱了
2. 实现She made good her promise.她实现了诺言
3. 补偿；弥补made good the loss.弥补损失
4. 成功made good as a writer.成为一个成功的作家
make hay. 利用：使对某人有利
The candidate's opponents made hay of the scandal.候选人的竞争对手利用这次丑闻做了手脚
make it 1.【非正式用语】 成功finally made it as an actor.最后成了一名成功的演员2.【俚语】发生性关系
make light of 轻视；忽略He made light of his illness.他忽视了自己的疾病
make much of. 重视对待
make no bones about
.对…坦白或直爽；公开承认They make no bones about their dislike for each other.他们毫不隐瞒彼此间的厌恶
make off with夺走或偷走made off with the profits.夺走了利润
make sail【航海】1. 开始航行2. 张帆
make the grade. 达到给定的标准
make the most of最大限度地利用
make the scene【俚语】
1. 出现made the scene at the party.出现在聚会上2. 参与具体的活动made the drug scene.参与毒品活动
make time 1. 弥补时间：运动或走得更快以便弥补失去的时间
2. &I{【俚语】} 更加有吸引力He tried to make time with the new neighbor.他试图获取新邻居的好感
make tracks【俚语】. 匆忙走开或离去
make up (one's) mind. 作出选择；作出决定或提出意见
make waves【俚语】. 引起混乱或争论
make way 1. 让路；走到一边2. 取得进步
on the make【俚语】
1.拼命追求经济上或社会地位上的提高a young executive on the make.追求进步的年轻经理2. 急切地追求伴侣
Note常用词组
hit (或 strike) the right (或 wrong) note 完全正确（或错误）地说（或做）某事
of note 1. 值得注意many of his comments are worthy of note.他的很多看法都值得重视。2. 重要的，显著的
Roman historians of note include Livy, Tacitus, and Sallust.著名的罗马历史学家包括李维、塔西佗和萨卢斯特。
strike a false note. 显得虚伪；显得不恰当
she greeted him gushingly, and that struck a false note.她故作热情地跟他打招呼，反而显得很虚伪。
strike (或 sound) a note of. 对…表示（想法，意见）
he sounded a note of caution about the trend towards health foods.他对热衷保健食品的风潮表示谨慎。
take note重视；注意employers should &B{take note of} the needs of disabled people.雇主应重视伤残人的需求。
Order常用词组
by order. 奉命；按照…的指示
in order 1. 按顺序2. 整齐，井然有序3. 符合会议规程的
in order for. 为了
staff must be committed to the change in order for it to succeed.为了使改革获得成功，全体员工必须支持它。
in order to do something. 为了，以便
he slouched into his seat in order to avoid drawing attention to himself.他蜷缩着坐到自己的座位上以免招人注意。
of the order of 1. 大约sales increases are of the order of 20%.销售上升大约是２０％。
2. (数)大小级次，数量级；绝对值的大小，绝对值的阶
Order!. 秩序！安静！（会议、议会等主持人用语）
order arms. (军)持枪立正
order of battle. （军队的）队形，序列
orders are orders. 命令就是命令
order to view. (英)（购房前的）看房许可证
out of order 1. （电器，机械设备）坏的，有故障的2. 次序错误的3. 违反会议（或议会等）程序的
习惯用语
in order that. 为了
in order to. 为……的目的
in short order. 快的：迅速的；不延搁的
on order. 已定购但货尚未到
on the order of
1. 相象：在种类或样式上与…相似；象a house on the order of a mountain lodge.一所像山上小屋的房子
2. 大约：约略；近equipment costing on the order of a million dollars.花费近百万美元的设备
to order. 按照买方提出的标准
Put常用词组
put about 【航海】
1. 使…转向：改变方向或使…改变方向；从一个航向转到另一个航向或使从一个航向转到另一个航向
put across 1. 使被理解：陈述以使被清楚地理解或迅速地接受
tried to put her views across during the hearing.在听讼过程中试图使她的观点能被清楚地理解
2. 搞成：用欺骗或计谋完成或贯彻
put away
1. 抛弃；舍弃put all negative thoughts away.抛弃所有消极的思想
2. 【非正式用语】 吃掉，喝掉：乐意并很快地吃光或喝光（食物或饮料）
put away the dinner in just a few minutes.就在几分钟内吃光了晚餐
3. 【非正式用语】 关进精神病医院
4. 埋葬The injured cat was put away.这个受伤的猫被杀死了
5. 把...收起;放好Put away the tools after work, will you?工作结束后请把工具收拾好。
put by储存…备用：节约以供后来的使用
My grandmother puts by her fresh vegetables.我的祖母把她的新鲜蔬菜搁在一边存下来
put down
1. 记入名单
2. 制止，取缔：使变得不起作用put down a rebellion.镇压了一起暴乱put down rumors.制止流言
3. 使（动物）无痛苦的死亡
4. 羞辱，使丢脸Her parents put her down for failing the course.她的父母因为她考试不及格而批评她
He tried to put down her knowledge of literature.他试图贬低她的文学知识
“Many status games seem designed to put down others”(&b{Alvin F. Poussaint})
“许多权位竞争好象是为战胜别人而设计的”(&b{阿尔文F.普森特})
5. 归因于…Just put him down as a sneak.他被归入鬼鬼祟祟的那一类人
Let's put this disaster down to experience.让我们把这次灾难归因于经验不足
6. 吃光，喝光：很容易地吃光或喝光（食物或饮料）；吃光 puts down three big meals a day.一天吃掉三顿大餐
put forth
1. 生长Plants put forth new growth in the spring.植物在春天里开始新的生长
2. 表现；发挥
At least put forth a semblance of effort when you scrub the floor.当你擦地板时至少能表现出努力的样子
3. 提出：提出以供考虑put forth an idea.提出一个想法
put forward 提出：提议以供考虑put forward a new plan.提出一个新计划
put in 1. 提交：提出…的正式提议put in a plea of guilty.正式提出犯罪诉讼
2. 插入，插话He put in a good word for me.他插进来为我说了一句好话
3. 花时间：在某一场所或工作上花费（时间）
The inmate had put in six years at hard labor. She put in eight hours behind a desk.
犯人已经做了六年的苦工。她在花了八小时办公
4. 种植We put in 20 rows of pine trees.我们种植了20排松树
5. &I{【航海】} 进港：进入口岸或港口The freighter puts in at noon.货轮中午时进入港口
put off 1. 设法使…等待：劝说使…拖延下步行动put off paying the bills.拖延付清帐单
managed to put off the creditors for another week.设法说服债主晚一个星期再来
2. 脱下；丢弃put off a sweater.脱下毛衣
3. 使厌恶：使厌恶；使反感，如由于不礼貌His indifferent attitude has put us off.他的冷淡态度使我们对他很反感
4. 使用假钞或卖假货
put on 1. 穿衣服；穿上put on a coat; put socks on.穿上外衣；穿上袜子
2. 运用；使活动put on the brakes.刹闸
3. 假装put on an English accent.假装带有英国口音
4. &I{【俚语】} 戏弄：戏弄或使（别人）误入歧途You're putting me on!你在开我的玩笑
5. 增加put on weight.增加体重
6. 产生；履行put on a variety show.举行一次杂耍演出
put out 1. 熄灭put out a fire.扑灭一场大火
2. &I{【航海】} 出航：离开，如口岸或港口；出发
3. 逐出put out a drunk.赶走醉汉
4. 出版put out a weekly newsletter.发行时事周刊
5. 触犯或激怒Did our early arrival put you out?我们提早到达是不是使您很不方便?
I was put out by his attention to the television set.我被他对电视节目的关注激怒了
6. &I{【棒球】} 使跑垒者出局
7. &I{【粗俗用语】} &I{【俚语】} 性生活上频繁，尤其用于妇女
put over 1. 延期；耽误
2. 做成：使承认，尤其是为了欺骗时tried to put a lie over, but to no avail.试图用谎言瞒过去，但没有成功
put through 1. 做成：达到成功的终点
put the project through on time; put through a number of new laws.按时完成了项目；通过许多新法律
2. 使…从事、遭遇He put me through a lot of trouble.他使我遇到许多麻烦
3. 接通（电话）The operator put me through on the office line.接线生给我接通了办公室的电话
put to 【航海】. 驶向岸边
put together建造；创造
put together a new bookcase; put together a tax package.做一个新书橱；整理出一叠报税单
put up 1. 建立；建造2. 保存；把…装罐put up six jars of jam.做六罐果酱
3. 提名put up a candidate at a convention.在会议上对一个候选人进行提名
4. 提供：提前提供（资金）put up money for the new musical.为这个新音乐剧提前筹备资金
5. 为…提供食宿put a friend up for the night.留宿朋友过夜
6. &I{【体育运动】} 惊起：被惊出隐藏处的用来狩猎的动物put up grouse.赶出松鸡
7. 拿去卖put up his antiques.拍卖他的古董
8. 进行：使从事于；继续进行put up a bluff.故弄玄虚put up a good fight.展开一场激烈的争斗
put upon. 强加于；使…负担过重He was always being put upon by his friends.他总是受朋友的欺负
not know where to put oneself (非正式)十分尴尬，局促不安
put something behind one. 把（不快的感受）置于脑后
they have tried to put their grief behind them and rebuild their lives.他们千方百计把悲痛置于脑后，重建生活。
put the clocks back (或 forward)（根据官方有关调整时间的决定）把时钟拨慢（或拨快）
put someone's eyes out. （尤指粗暴地）弄瞎…的眼睛
put one's hands together. 鼓掌，拍手I want you all to put your hands together for Barry.我想让大家为巴里鼓掌。
put one's hands up. 举手投降
put it (或 oneself) about. (英，非正式)（在性行为方面）乱交
put it there (非正式)［表示同意或祝贺的用语］握手吧
put it there Steven, we beat them, so we did.咱们握手吧，史蒂文！我们打败了他们，不是吗！。
put it to 对（某人）直言不讳
I put it to him that he was just a political groupie.我向他直言，说他只不过是个政治上的狂热追随者。
put one over on. (非正式)欺骗，愚弄
put up or shut up. (非正式)要么讲出正当理由要么闭嘴
they called for the minister to either put up or shut up.他们要求部长要么证明自己有理要么闭嘴。
put about. (航海)（轮船）掉转航向
put someone about. (主苏格兰，北英格兰)使烦恼；使焦虑；使麻烦
put something about. 传播，散布（消息，谣言）
put something across (或 over). 使被接受，使被理解
put something aside 1. 存（钱），储蓄2. 忘记；抛弃（某物，尤指感情或过去的分歧）
put someone away informal 非正式
1. 把…关进监狱（或精神病院）he deserves to be put away forever.他只配被永远关在牢里。
2. （体育运动用语）击败对方they wasted a chance to put the other team away.他们队丧失了击败对手的好机会。
put something away 1. 存（钱），储蓄2. (非正式)（大量）吃喝3. 同 put something down (见后面义项3)
4. (非正式)（体育运动用语）处理，对付（射门，投篮）
put something back 推迟（事件）
put something by. 同 put something aside (见前面义项1)
put someone down 1. (非正式)使窘迫；奚落
2. （车辆，飞机）让（乘客）下去
driving back into town, he put them down near their homes.他把车开回城里后让他们在家门口下了车。
3. 把（婴儿）放下睡觉
put something down
1. 写下，记录，登记he's putting a few thoughts down on paper.他正在把一些想法写在纸上。
2. 取缔；镇压（叛乱，政变，暴乱）
3. 杀死（生病的、受伤的或衰老的动物）
4. 付（定金）
he put a thousand down and paid the rest over six months.他先付了1,000定金，然后在六个月内付清了其余款项。
5. 储藏，储备（食品，酒）
6. 使（飞机）降落（或着陆）
put someone down as
认为…是，以为…是I'd have put you down as a Vivaldi man.我本以为你是个维瓦尔迪那样的作曲家。
put someone down for 报名参加（或做）；登记订阅he put his son down for Eton.他替儿子报名上伊顿公学。
put something down to把…归因于if I forget anything, put it down to old age.假如我忘记了什么，那只怪年龄大了。
put someone forward推荐he put me forward as head of publicity.他推荐我做广告主管。
put something forward 提出（计划，建议，理论）
put in at/into （轮船）入（港）
put someone in指派
he was put in to rescue the company by the stockbrokers.他受股票经纪人之托来挽救这家公司。
put something in/into 1.正式提出,提交the airport had put in a claim for damages.机场已正式提出赔偿损失的要求。
2. 把时间（或精力）用于
employed mothers put in the longest hours of all women.在所有妇女中，有工作的母亲们付出的时间最长。
3. 把资金（或资源）投于
put someone off
1. 取消（或推迟）与…的约会he'd put off Martin until nine o'clock.他已把与马丁见面的时间推迟到9点钟。
2. 使失去兴趣（或热情）
she wanted to be a nurse, but the thought of night shifts put her off.
她想当护士，但一想到值夜班又使她打消了这个念头。
3. 扰乱；妨碍；阻止you're just trying to put me off my game.你只不过想阻止我参加比赛。
put something off. 推迟；拖延they can't put off a decision much longer.他们无法把决定再继续拖下去。
put someone on. （成队比赛运动用语）使（选手）出赛
put something on
1. 穿上（衣服）；戴上（眼镜）；佩带（珠宝）Juliet had put on a cotton dress.朱丽叶穿上了棉布衣服。
2. 使（装置）运转shall I put the light on?.要打开灯吗？。
3. 组织（展览，事件）；上演（戏剧）
4. 在（费用）上增加特定数量the news put 12 pence on the share price.这条消息使股价长了12便士。
5. 装出，假装（某种表情，口音等）he put on a lugubrious look.他装出一副可怜相。
6. 在…押赌注he put £1,000 on the horse to win.他在即将获胜的那匹马上押了1,000英镑。
put someone on to
1. 使注意，使关注（有用、有名或有趣的人或物）
Pike put me on to the Department's Legal Section.派克将我的注意力吸引到该局的法律部。
put out for. (非正式，主北美)同意与…发生性关系
put someone out 1. 给…带来麻烦（或不便），打扰
would it put you out too much to let her visit you for a couple of hours?.
让她来拜访几个小时是否会给您带来太多的麻烦？。
2. （体育运动用语）击败并淘汰对手（或对方） 3. （尤指用麻醉药）使失去知觉
put something out
1. 扑灭，熄灭fire crews from Grangetown put out the blaze.从格兰奇镇赶来的消防人员把大火扑灭了。
2. 摆出；把…准备好she put out glasses and paper napkins.她摆好了玻璃杯和餐巾纸。
3. 出版；公布，发布；广播
a limited-edition single was put out to promote the album.发行限定版单曲唱片以促销该专辑。
4. 使脱位，扭伤she fell off her horse and put her shoulder out.她从马背上掉下来扭伤了肩膀。
5. （公司）分包，发包 6. （发动机，电动机）产生（动力）
the non-turbo is expected to put out about 250bhp.这台非涡轮发动机预计能产生250个制动马力。
put something over 1. 同前面 put something across
2. (北美)推迟，拖延let's put the case over for a few weeks.让我们把此事推后几周。
put someone through
1. 为…接通电话&B{put} me &B{through to} the police office, please.请替我接通警察局。
2. 使遭受痛苦I hate Brian for what he put me through.我恨布赖恩使我受苦。
3. 为（孩子）付费上学（或上大学）
put something through. 做成，完成
he put through a reform programme to try to save the regime.他完成了一项旨在挽救政权的改革计划。
put someone to 给…带来（麻烦，困难）I don't want to put you to any trouble.我不想给你带来任何麻烦。
put something to
1. 向…提交（或提出）
we are making a takeover bid and putting an offer to the shareholders.我们正在做收购投标，向股东们报价。
2. 把…专门用于（某一用途）they put the land to productive use.他们把这块地作为生产用地。
3. 使交配
put something together. 装配；聚集
he can take a clock apart and put it back together again.他能拆卸钟表然后再装起来。
they decided to put a new band together.他们决定组织一个新的乐队。
put someone under. 同 put someone out（见前面义项3）
put someone up 1. 为…提供膳宿
2. 提出（或举荐）…作候选人，提名
the party had put up a candidate in each constituency.该党在每一选区都提出了一名候选人。
put something up 1. 建造，搭建I put up the tent and cooked a meal.我搭起帐篷，开始做饭。
2. 举（手）回答（或提问） 3. 张贴，公布（通知，招牌，海报）
4. (主英)提高（或增加）…的费用I'm afraid I've got to put your rent up.恐怕不得不提高你的租金。
5. 为（企业）提供赞助the sponsors are putting up £5,000 for the event.发起人将为此事赞助5,000英镑。
6. 把…拿出来出售（或拍卖） 7. 使（猎物）走出掩蔽处 8. (古)把（剑）插入鞘内
put someone up to
1. (非正式)怂恿（或鼓动）…做（坏事，蠢事）
Who else would play a trick like that on me? I expect Rose put him up to it.
别人谁会那样欺骗我？估计是罗斯鼓动他干的。
2. (古)把…通知（或告诉）
习惯用语
put down roots. 扎根于：在某地建立永久的住所
put it to (someone)【俚语】 1. 担负过重的任务或工作2. 责备3. 不公平地利用…
4. 直率地摆明情况：以一种强有力的、直率的态度向（另外的人）摆出形势的实际情况
put (one) in mind. 想起You put me in mind of your grandmother.你使我想起你的祖母
put (one's) finger on 认出，识别I can't put my finger on the person in that photograph.我认不出照片中的那个人
put (one's) foot down. 采取坚定的立场
put (one's) foot in (one's) mouth 做不得体的评论
put paid to【多用于英国】 结束；使…休息
“We've given up saying we only kill to eat; Kraft dinner and freeze-dried food have put paid to that one”(&b{Margaret Atwood})
“我们已经放弃说我们只是尽力地吃；卡夫晚餐和冻干的食物已经使我们停止了”(&b{玛格丽特·阿特伍德})
put (someone) through (someone's) paces. 使…表现能力或技术；考验
The drama coach put her students through their paces before the first performance.
这位戏剧老师要她的学生们表演前接受考查
put (someone) up to. 作恶作剧：使（某人）做出滑稽的、恶作剧的或恶毒的行为
My older brother put me up to making a prank telephone call.我大哥让我打了一个恶作剧的电话
put the arm on 或 put the bite on 或 put the squeeze on 【俚语】 向别人要钱
put the finger on【俚语】. 告发The witness put the finger on the killer.目击者告发了谋杀者
put the make on【俚语】 取得性生活的进展
put the screws to 或 put the screws on 【俚语】. 强制性压力：以一种极端的态度对别人施加压力
put the skids on【俚语】. 停止
“Sacrificing free speech to put the skids on prurient printed matter is not the correct path, the courts said”(&b{Curtis J. Sitomer})
“法庭认为，将自由言论牺牲来停止已印出的好色事件不是正确的道路”(&b{柯蒂斯J.锡托莫})
put to bed【非正式用语】 1. 印刷前最后准备：为（例如报纸）的印刷而做最后的准备
2. 最后准备：为完成（一个项目）而做最后的准备
put to it. 造成极大的困难We were put to it to finish the book on time.我们很难按时读完这本书
put two and two together. 得出结论：从现存的证据或迹象中得出合适的结论
put up or shut up【俚语】
1. 要就辩护要就闭嘴：不得不毫无怨言地忍受（不愉快的事情）或采取必要的行动来转移不愉快事件的根源
put up with忍受：毫无怨言地忍受We had to put up with the inconvenience.我们不得不忍受不便之处
Pass常用词组
pass away 1. 消失：不存在；结束2. 去世
pass for 充作：被接受或被相信为…
You could pass for a teenager. The fake painting passed for an original.
你可冒充十几岁的人。这幅伪造的画被当作真品
pass off 使用，贩卖：把（仿制品）当作真品提供、出售或流通pass off glass as a gemstone.用玻璃冒充宝石
pass out 昏倒：失去知觉
pass over 忽略：不加注意；忽视
pass up 【非正式用语】 放弃；拒绝
pass up a chance for promotion; an opportunity too good to pass up.放弃一次提升的机会；一次不能放过的好机会
come to a pretty pass 陷入困境，变得很尴尬
pass one's eye over草草地看，马虎地读（文件）
pass water撒尿
head (或 cut) someone/thing off at the pass 预防，预先阻止（或妨碍）
he came up with this story at the last minute, just to cut me off at the pass.
在最后时刻他提出这种说法，只不过是想对我来个先发制人。
sell the pass (英)背叛事业，出卖立场
he is merciless to other poets whom he considers to have sold the pass.
对那些他认为出卖了立场的诗人，他都很无情。
pass someone by不注意，忽视sometimes I feel that life is passing me by.有时我感到生活对我从不眷顾。
pass something off
1. 回避；把注意力从…移开he made a light joke and passed it off.他开了一个小玩笑把这件事给遮掩过去了。
2. (篮球)传球（给未被对方盯住的己方球员）
he scored eight times and passed off forty-one assists.他8次得分并且41次传球助攻。
pass someone/thing off as 假冒，冒充
the drink was packaged in champagne bottles and was being passed off as the real stuff.
这酒被装进香槟酒瓶，冒充香槟酒真品。
pass someone over
（对某人要求提升、任命的请求）不作考虑he was passed over for a cabinet job.他没有被任命为内阁成员。
pass something over忽略，忽视
I shall pass over the matter of the transitional period.对过渡期的事,我不会放在心上的。
pass something up. 放过，拒绝he passed up a career in pro baseball.他放弃了职业棒球队员的生涯。
习惯用语
bring to pass. 使发生
come to pass. 出现，发生
pass muster. 及格，符合要求：通过检查或审察；符合指定标准
pass (one's) lips 1. 吃，喝：被吃掉或喝掉2. 放出或被说出 Rumors never passed her lips.她从不造谣
pass the buck【俚语】 推御责任：把责任或责备推给别人
pass the time of day 打招呼：互相问候或开玩笑
pass the torch. 推托：把( 责任等）推给另一个人或其它人
Pull常用词组
pull away
1. 后退，离开，抽出：移开或向后移；撤退The limousine pulled away from the curb.轿车驶离了路边
2. 向前推进The horse pulled away and took the lead in the race.这匹马向前冲并在比赛中取得领先
pull back. 撤退：尤指部队执行有秩序的撤退
pull down 1. 毁坏；破坏pull down an old office building.摧毁一幢旧办公大楼2. 减至一个较低的水平 3. 衰弱：精神或健康下降 4. 【非正式用语】 获得：抽出（钱）作为报酬pulls down a hefty salary.拿到一大笔薪水
pull in 1. 到达目的地We pulled in at midnight.我们午夜抵达 2. 约束；限制3. 逮捕（例如，嫌疑犯）
pull off 【非正式用语】. 艰苦地完成：尽管有困难和障碍依然进行；完成，成功
pulled off a last-minute victory.获取了最后一分钟的胜利
pull out 1. 离开或脱离The train pulls out at noon.火车在中午发车 2. 退缩：从某种境况或承诺中撤出
After the crash, many Wall Street investors pulled out.股市暴跌之后，华尔街的许多投资者都退缩了
pull over 1. 暂停在路边：将车辆在路边停住We pulled over to watch the sunset.我们停下车看日落
2. 命令停在路边：指示或迫使（摩托车）停在路边
The state trooper pulled the speeding motorist over.州警命令超速的摩托车手把车停到路边
pull round. 使恢复，恢复健康：恢复或被恢复到良好的健康状况
pull through. 成功地突破困苦：成功地通过或克服麻烦或疾病
pull up 1. 使停下或停下2. 超前：在比赛中移动到领先的位置或地方
like pulling teeth (非正式)［表达事情极为难办时的用语］太难了
it had been like pulling teeth to extract these two small items from Moore.从穆尔那里弄到这两条小消息真是太难
pull one's head in. (澳／新西兰)管自己的事；不管闲事
pull someone's leg愚弄，耍弄；取笑
pull the other one (it's got bells on). (英，非正式)［表示怀疑受到欺骗或耍弄时的用语］别骗我，别耍我
Your boat was sunk by a swordfish? Pull the other one!.你的船被箭鱼弄沉了？别骗我！。
pull the plug. (非正式)阻止事物发生（或继续下去）
the company &B{pulled the plug on} the deal because it was not satisfied with the terms.
公司因对合同条款不满意而终止了这笔交易。
pull (one's) punches. 不那么有力（或严厉，猛烈）；留有余地
a smooth-tongued critic who doesn't pull his punches.一位毫不留情的圆滑的批评家。
pull strings. 拉关系，走后门
pull the strings. 控制事件（或他人的行动）
pull oneself together. 重新控制感情，重新振作起来；控制自己，镇静下来
pull one's weight. 做分内的工作
pull wires. (主美)。 同前面 pull strings
pull back (或 pull someone/thing back)
1. 撤退；使（部队）撤退the pact called on the rival forces to pull back and allow a neutral force to take control.
协定要求敌对双方军队撤退，而由中立军队接管。
2. 改进（或恢复）运动队在比赛中的位置
Rovers pulled back to 4–3 with a goal two minutes from time.
流浪者队终场前两分钟进了一球，从而以4比3再度领先。
Scotland pulled the game back to 3–2.苏格兰队以3比2扳回了这场比赛。
pull something down 1. 拆毁建筑物 2. (非正式)挣一笔钱he was pulling down sixty grand.他将挣得六万。
pull someone/thing in
1. 成功获得，获取the party pulled in 10% of the vote.该党获得了10%的选票。
2. (非正式)逮捕，拘留I'd pull him in for questioning.我得把他抓来审问一下。
3. 勒马
pull something off(非正式)成功获得（或赢得）艰难的事
he pulled off a brilliant first round win.他出色地赢得了第一场胜利。
pull someone over让驾驶员驶靠路边接受违章处罚
he was pulled over for speeding.他因超速行驶而被迫停靠路边接受处罚。
pull through (或 pull someone/thing through)（使）摆脱疾病；（使）渡过难关
the illness is difficult to overcome, but we hope she'll pull through.这种病难以治愈，但我们仍然希望她能渡过难关。
pull someone up使停止（或暂停）；制止
the shock of his words &B{pulled her up short}.他那惊人之语使她沉默了一会儿。
习惯用语
pull a fast one【非正式用语】. 欺骗：耍诡计或欺骗
pull (oneself) together. 恢复镇静
pull (one's) punch 或 pull (one's) punches 避免使用：避免使用某人所能支配的全部资源或力量
didn't pull any punches during the negotiations.在谈判中要千方百计
pull (one's) weight 做某人自己工作的一份
pull out all the stops【非正式用语】. 尽全力：使用某人所能支配的全部资源或力量
The Inaugural Committee pulled out all the stops when arranging the ceremonies.
就职典礼委员会千方百计设计好这些仪式
pull (someone's) leg. 取笑：开（某人的）玩笑；取笑
pull strings 或 pull wires 【非正式用语】 秘密操纵：为达到某种目的而实施秘密的操纵或影响
pull the plug on【俚语】排除所有限制
“The federal government pulled the plug on deficit spending”(&b{Christian Science Monitor})
“联邦政府取消了对赤字开支的全部限制”(&b{基督教科学箴言报})
pull the rug (out) from under【非正式用语】. 突然取消：通常是突然地取消对…的全部支持和帮助
pull the wool over (someone's) eyes 欺骗；蒙混
pull together. 共同努力
pull up stakes 迅速离开某地；离开
She pulled up stakes in New England and moved to the desert.她离开了新英格兰而移居沙漠地带
Pay常用词组
pay off 1. 偿清（债务）：支付（债务）的全部数额 2. 带来利益a bet that paid off poorly.没有多大利息的赌注
3. 报复：为…或向…报复；报复 4. 结算工资：由于要解雇（雇员）支付工资
5. 【非正式用语】 贿赂 6. &I{【航海】} 使（船首）转向下风：转向或使（船）转向下风
pay out1. 把（钱）花掉；花费2. 缓缓放松：通过放松使（绳或索）放出
pay up. 付清全部款项：缴清所要求的全部资金数额
he who pays the piper calls the tune. (谚)谁出钱谁做主；谁承担费用谁有决定权
in the pay of. 受雇于
pay dearly 花大价钱（或努力）得到
his master must have paid dearly for such a magnificent beast.他的老板为这头异兽一定花了不少钱。
pay for itself（物品，系统）赚（或节省）下足以支付购买费用的钱款
pay its (或 one's) way（企业）赢利以支付开销；（人）挣钱以支付费用
pay one's last respects 向（死者）告别
pay one's respects. 拜访，拜望we went to pay our respects to the head lama.我们前去拜望大喇嘛。
pay through the nose. (非正式)付费过高
you pays your money and you takes your choice (非正式)无所选择，无从选择
pay someone back.偿付（借款）
a regular amount was deducted from my wages to pay her back.定期从我工资中扣钱还她。
pay something back 偿付（借款）
the money should be paid back with interest.这笔钱应连本带利偿付。
[with two objs]they did pay me back the money.他们确实把钱还给了我们。
pay something in. 存钱（进银行户头）
pay someone off付清工资解雇
when directors are fired, they should not be lavishly paid off.当董事们被解雇时，他们不应得到一大笔清算工资。
pay something off偿清（借款）
you may have saved up enough to pay off your second mortgage.你可能已经攒足钱来偿清第二期抵押借款。
pay something out (或 pay out)
1. （从某人控制的专款中）支付巨额款项insurers can refuse to pay out.保险公司可能会拒绝理赔。
2. 放开，放松（绳索）I began paying out the nylon line.我开始放出尼龙绳。
pay up (或 pay something up)
1. 还清，全部付清借款you got ninety days to pay up the principal.你有90天的时间来付清本金。
习惯用语
pay (one's) dues. 获得自己应得的：通过艰苦工作、长期的经验或痛苦而获得应得的权利或地位
She paid her dues in small-town theaters before getting a part in a Broadway play.
她通过在小城镇的戏剧院出名后才在纽约百老汇戏剧娱乐业获得了一席之地
pay (one's) way. 付出，出钱：捐献出自己的一份；为自己支付
pay the piper. 承担某事的后果
pay through the nose【非正式用语】. 付出过高的代价
Pack常用词组
go to the pack. (澳／新西兰，非正式)境况变差
pack heat. (北美，非正式)带枪
pack it in. (非正式)放弃；停止
pack a punch. 能巧妙（或有力）地打出一拳
Rosie, although small, could pack a hefty punch.罗西虽然个子小，出手却相当有劲。
packed out. (英，非正式)挤满了人
send someone packing. (非正式)叫某人卷铺盖，突然解雇某人
pack something in. (非正式)放弃（活动，工作）
pack someone off. (非正式)把…突然送往某地I was packed off to hospital for surgery.我被匆匆送往医院手术。
pack something out (北美)把…打包拿走pack out any garbage you have left.把你们留下的垃圾都打包带走。
pack up (英，非正式)（机器）停止转动；出故障the immersion heater has packed up.浸没式加热器坏了。
习惯用语
pack it in【非正式用语】 停止：停止工作或活动Let's pack it in for the day.今天就到着吧
Point常用词组
at all points. 在各部分；在各方面；完全地
case in point. 恰当的例子
the ‘green revolution’ in agriculture is a good case in point.农业上的“绿色革命”就是一个很好的恰当例子。
make one's point（清楚地，有说服力地）阐明观点
off the point. 不沾边，不相关
point the finger. 公开指责，公开责备
the point of no return. 只能进不能退的地步
point of sailing. （帆船相对于风向的）艏向
score points. 占欺头，在争辩中胜过
she was constantly trying to think of ways to score points off him.她不断想法子占他的欺头。
take someone's point. (主英)接受某人的观点（或立场）
up to a point. 在一定程度上，有一点
win on points(拳击)以得分高（而不是击倒对手）取胜
point something out 1.为引人注目或注意而用手指）指出2. 指出，指明
[with clause]she pointed out that his van had been in the car park all day.她指出他的小货车一整天都在停车场。
[with direct speech]‘Most of the people round here are very poor,’ I pointed out.我指出，“这里的人多数都很穷。”。
习惯用语
beside the point. 和手头的事无关的
in point. 有关系的，相关的
in point of. 就…而言；关于…
In point of fact, I never lived at the address stated on the form.事实上，我从未在表中所填的那个地址居住过
make a point of1. 特别注意，重视：把（一个行动或活动）视为或作为不可缺少的部分
made a point of visiting their niece on the way home.总是在回家的路上顺便看望他们的侄女
stretch a point. 破例
to the point. 切题的，切中的：有关正在讨论的事件的，或与正在讨论的事件有关的
remarks that were to the point; rambled and would not speak to the point.
和本题相关的话；随便地乱讲却不讲与本题相关的
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