英文写作第一反应词替换表
1 through－>in term of/via
● she got her first job through an employment agency.
● A success that was achieved through co-operative effort and wise leadership.
● .it is a mistake to think of Florida only in term of its tourist attractions.
● Femininity is still defined in term of its beauty.
● We flew to Athens via Paris./ I sent a message to Kitty via her sister.
2 operate－>manipulate
● The Lewis family operate a number of boats on the cannal.
3 offspring－>descendant
● A young mother trying to control her offspring.
● He was a direct descendant of Napoleon Bonaparte.
3 inevitable－dispensable
● It is inevitable that doctors will make the occasional mistake.
● Part-time workers are considered dispensable.
4 detail－>specific
● She told me every detail of her trip.
● A specific example of alcohol’s effect on the body.
5 explain－>interpret
● Let me explain what I mean.
● He attempts to interpret the meaning of dreams.
6 obvious－>conspicuous
● There is an obvious connection between the two murders.
● A conspicuous white spot on the bird’s wings.
● Self-evident(formal)
The facts in this case are self-evident and can not be denied.
7 hurt－>vulnerable
● Put thing down—you might hurt someone with it.
● Children are most vulnerable to abuse within their own home.
8 use－>employ/utilize
● We use a range of different methods.
● The company has developed a new way to utilize solar energy.
9 value－>merit
● The film has the merit of being short./ the great merit of the project is its flexibility nad low cost.
● The lunch special is really good value.
10 provide－>lend－>offer
● The hotel provides a shoe-cleaning service for guests./ the project is designed to provide young people with work.
● They offered him a very good job.
11 true－>accurate
● The film was based on a true story.
● His assessment of the current economic situation is accurate.
● Verifiable(formal)
The data was verifiable.
12 leading to－>contribute to/ /result in
● Alcohol contributes to 1000000 deaths a year in the US.
13 more and more－>increasing/growing
● More and more people are moving to the cities.
● Increasing people are moving to the cities.
14 hardly－>merely－>barely
● He is merely a boy , you can not expect him to understand.
● She was very old and barely able to walk.
15 well-known－>outstanding
16 large－>miraculous/marvelous
● Their success was due in large part to their ability to speak Spanish.
●
17 although－>albeit/notwithstanding
● He accepted the job, albeit with some hesitation.
● He tried , albeit without success.
● Notwithstanding differences, there are clear similarities in all of the world’s religions.
18 in fact－>actually/virtually
● Actually , on second thoughts, I don’t think I want to go out tonight.
● Virtually all the children come to school by bus.
19 want－>intend to/tend to/be inclined to
● People tend to need less sleep as they get older.
● I am inclined to agree with you.
● I intend to spend the night there.
20 because－>in that
● This research is important in that it confirms the link between aggression and alcohol
● The delay was due to a problem with the ship’s engines.
● The parade had be cancelled owing to bad weather.
21 may be－>probably
● He is probably gone home.
● It’s likely that we will lose.
22 in sum－>to summarize/in conclusion
● In sum, soul music is important to the record industry
● To summarize, in most case the schools were achieving the standards set.
● In conclusion, I would like to say how I have enjoyed myself today.
23 explain－>interpret/illustrate
● Let me give you an example to illustrate the point.
24 change－>
● Being at college has changed her.
● You can alter the colour and size of a image using a remote control.
● He has modified his opinions since then.
25 custom－>convention/tradition
● The guide offers information on local custom.
● Playing together teaches children social convention such as sharing.
26 think－>contemplate/muse/meditate/
● Did you ever contemplate resigning?
● Muse(think about something for a long time)
He mused on how different his life would have been, had he not met Louisa.
● she said quietly, meditating on the day’s events.
27 arouse－>ignite/stimulate/spur/motivate
● his behavior was arousing the interest of the neighbors.
● Her interest in art was stimulated by her father.
● We may never know what motivated him to kill his wife.
28 limit－>stress/hinder/hamper
29 key－>crucial/vital/consequential
● This aid money is crucial to the government’s economic policies.
● The work she dose is absolutely vital.
● A consequential decision.
30 old－>ancient
● Aged
Aged parents./ she had to look after her aged aunt.
● Ancient(things existed thousands of years ago, or things that look very old)
Ancient civilisations.
31 emphasis－>accentuate
● The photograph seemed to accentuate his large nose.
32 devote to－>dedicate to
● She devoted her-self full time to her business.
● The actress now dedicated herself to children’s charity work.
32 character－>trait/individuality/idiosyncrasy/personality
● We like our staff to show their individuality rather than wear a uniform.
● On of the many idiosyncrasies of English spelling.
33 expect－>anticipate
● I expect to be back within a week./ I did not expect him to stay so long./ I expected it will be my mother./ as expected, the whole family was shocked by the news.
34 join－>participate
● He always participate in classroom activities.
35 delegate－>representative
● A union representative.
36 bias－>prejudice/discriminate/tendency
● Prejudice against women.
37 thrive－>palmy/floushing/prosperity
38 clash－>conflict/collision/reencounter
● The school bus was involved in a collision with a truck.
39 publicize－>propagandize
40 agree partly－>agree with reserve
41 proper－>appropriate
42 want to－>desire
● A desire to win./ a desire for knowledge.
43 big city－>metropolis
44 lawmaking－>legislation
45 first－>at first light
46 but－>nonetheless/nevertheless
● The paintings are complex, but have plenty of appeal nonetheless.
● Nevertheless, air travel is still the safest form of transport.
47 child－>juvenile
48 absorb－>assimilate
● It will take time to assimilate all these facts.
● Water and salts are absorbed into our blood stream.
49 hand in－>render
● An obligation to render assistance to those in need.
50 undermine－>sap/enervate/debilitate
● Her long illness was gradually sapping Charlotte’s strength.
● The hot sun enervated her to the point of collapse.
● He was debilitated by his illness.
51 get into chaos－>with chaos ensuing
52 key－>pivot/crux
● West Africa was the pivot of the chocolate trade.
● The crux of the matter is how do we prevent a flood occurring again.
53 sway－>vacillate
54 fanatic patriotism－>jingoism/chauvinism
55 persuasive－>thorough/sound/specific/convincing
56 consider－>take into account57 detail－>specific
● He gave us very specific instructions.
large－>miraculous/marvelous
58 good> nice
59 different>dissimilar
● These four politically dissimilar states have all signed a treaty of friendship and cooperation.
补充
Assorted
Assorted vegetables.(varies different types)
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