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标准电极电势表

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标准电极电势表
标准电极电势可以用来计算化学电池或原电池的电化学势或电极电势。本表中所给出的电极电势以标准氢电极为参比电极，溶液中离子有效浓度为1mol/L，气体分压为100kPa，温度为298K，所有离子的数据都在水溶液中测得。[1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9]单击每栏上方的符号可将数据按元素符号或标准电极电势值排序。
注：(s–固体；(l–液体；(g–气体；(aq–水溶液；(Hg–汞齐。
半反应
E°(V[注1]
来源
Ba+e−Ba(s
+
−4.38
[10][1][3]

Sr+e−Sr(s
+
−4.10
[11][1][3]

Ca+e−Ca(s
+
−3.8
[11][1][3]

Pr+ e−Pr
3+
2+
−3.1
[11]

 N2(g+H+e−HN3(aq
+
−3.09
[6]

Li+e−Li(s
+
−3.0401
[5]

N2(g+4 H2O+2 e−2 NH2OH(aq+2 OH−
−3.04
[6]

Cs+e−Cs(s
+
−3.026
[5]

Ca(OH2(s+2 e−Ca(s+2OH−
−3.02
[11]

Rb+e−Rb(s
+
−2.98
[4]

K+e−K(s
+
−2.931
[5]


半反应
E°(V[注1]
来源
Mg+e−Mg(s
+
−2.93
[10]

Ba+2 e−Ba(s
2+
−2.912
[5]

La(OH3(s+3 e−La(s+3OH−
−2.90
[5]

Fr+ e−Fr(s
+
−2.9
[11]

Sr+2 e−Sr(s
2+
−2.899
[5]

Sr(OH2(s+2 e−Sr(s+2 OH−
−2.88
[11]

Ca+2 e−Ca(s
2+
−2.868
[5]

Eu+2 e−Eu(s
2+
−2.812
[5]

Ra+2 e−Ra(s
2+
−2.8
[5]

Yb+2 e−Yb(s
2+
−2.76
[11][1]

Na+e−Na(s
+
−2.71
[5][9]

Sm+2 e−Sm(s
2+
−2.68
[11][1]

No+2 e−No(s
2+
−2.50
[11]

HfO(OH2(s+ H2O+4 e−Hf(s+4 OH−
−2.50
[11]


半反应
E°(V[注1]
来源
Th(OH4(s+4 e−Th(s+4 OH−
−2.48
[11]

Md+2 e−Md(s
2+
−2.40
[11]

La+3 e−La(s
3+
−2.379
[5]

Y+3 e−Y(s
3+
−2.372
[5]

Mg+2 e−Mg(s
2+
−2.372
[5]

ZrO(OH2(s+H2O+4 e−Zr(s+4OH−
−2.36
[5]

Pr+3 e−Pr(s
3+
−2.353
[11]

Ce+3 e−Ce(s
3+
−2.336
[11]

Er+3 e−Er(s
3+
−2.331
[11]

Ho+3 e−Ho(s
3+
−2.33
[11]

Al(OH4−+3 e−Al(s+4 OH−
−2.33
Al(OH3(s+3 e−Al(s+3OH−
−2.31
Tb+3 e−Tb(s
3+
−2.28

半反应
E°(V[注1]
来源
H2(g+2 e−2 H−
−2.25
Ac+3 e−Ac(s
3+
−2.20
Be+e−Be(s
+
−2.12
[10]

Cf+2 e−Cf(s
2+
−2.12
[11]

Am+3 e−Am(s
3+
−2.048
[11]

Cf+3 e−Cf(s
3+
−1.94
[11]

Am+2 e−Am(s
2+
−1.9
[11]

Be+2 e−Be(s
2+
−1.85
Rf+4 e−Rf(s
4+
−1.67
[12]

U+3 e−U(s
3+
−1.66
[7]

Al+3 e−Al(s
3+
−1.66
[9]

Ti+2 e−Ti(s
2+
−1.63
[9]

Bk+2 e−Bk(s
2+
−1.6
[11]


半反应
E°(V[注1]
来源
ZrO2(s+4 H+4 e−Zr(s+2 H2O
+
−1.553
[5]

Hf+4 e−Hf(s
4+
−1.55
[11]

Zr+4 e−Zr(s
4+
−1.45
[5]

Ti+3 e−Ti(s
3+
−1.37
[13]

TiO(s+2 H+2 e−Ti(s+ H2O
+
−1.31
Ti2O3(s+2 H+2 e−2 TiO(s+ H2O
+
−1.23
Zn(OH4−+2 e−Zn(s+4 OH−
2
−1.199
[14]

Mn+2 e−Mn(s
2+
−1.185
[14]

Fe(CN6−+6 H+2 e−Fe(s+4HCN(aq−1.16
4
+
[15]

V+2 e−V(s
2+
−1.175
[2]

Te(s+2 e−Te−
2
−1.143
[2]

Nb+3 e−Nb(s
3+
−1.099
Sn(s+4 H+4 e−SnH4(g
+
−1.07

半反应
E°(V[注1]
来源
In(OH3(s+3 e−In(s+3 OH−
−0.99
[11]

SiO2(s+4 H+4 e−Si(s+2 H2O
+
−0.91
B(OH3(aq+3 H+3 e−B(s+3 H2O
+
−0.89
Fe(OH2(s+2 e−Fe(s+2 OH−
−0.89
[15]

Fe2O3(s+3 H2O+2 e−2Fe(OH2(s+2 OH−−0.86
[15]

TiO+2 H+4 e−Ti(s+ H2O
2+
+
−0.86
2 H2O+2 e−H2(g+2 OH−
−0.8277
[5]

Bi(s+3 H+3 e−BiH3
+
−0.8
[14]

Zn+2 e−Zn(Hg
2+
−0.7628
[5]

Zn+2 e−Zn(s
2+
−0.7618
[5]

Ta2O5(s+10 H+10 e−2 Ta(s+5 H2O
+
−0.75
Cr+3 e−Cr(s
3+
−0.74
[Au(CN2]−+e−Au(s+2 CN−
−0.60

半反应
E°(V[注1]
来源
Ta+3 e−Ta(s
3+
−0.6
PbO(s+H2O+2 e−Pb(s+2 OH−
−0.58
2 TiO2(s+2 H+2 e−Ti2O3(s+H2O
+
−0.56
Ga+3 e−Ga(s
3+
−0.53
U+e−U
4+
3+
−0.52
[7]

H3PO2(aq+H+e−P(白磷[16]+2 H2O
+
−0.508
[5]

H3PO3(aq+2 H+2 e−H3PO2(aq+H2O
+
−0.499
[5]

H3PO3(aq+3 H+3 e−P(红磷[16]+3H2O
+
−0.454
[5]

Fe+2 e−Fe(s
2+
−0.44
[9]

2 CO2(g+2 H+2 e−HOOCCOOH(aq
+
−0.43
Cr+e−Cr
3+
2+
−0.42
Cd+2 e−Cd(s
2+
−0.40
[9]

SeO3−+4e−+3H2O⇌Se+6OH−
2
−0.37
[17]


半反应
E°(V[注1]
来源
GeO2(s+2 H+2 e−GeO(s+H2O
+
−0.37
Cu2O(s+H2O+2 e−2 Cu(s+2 OH−
−0.360
[5]

PbSO4(s+2 e−Pb(s+SO4−
2
−0.3588
[5]

PbSO4(s+2 e−Pb(Hg+SO4−
2
−0.3505
[5]

Eu+e−Eu
3+
2+
−0.35
[7]

In+3 e−In(s
3+
−0.34
[2]

Tl+e−Tl(s
+
−0.34
[2]

Ge(s+4 H+4 e−GeH4(g
+
−0.29
Co+2 e−Co(s
2+
−0.28
[5]

H3PO4(aq+2 H+2 e−H3PO3(aq+H2O
+
−0.276
[5]

V+e−V
3+
2+
−0.26
[9]

Ni+2 e−Ni(s
2+
−0.25
As(s+3 H+3 e−AsH3(g
+
−0.23
[2]


半反应
E°(V[注1]
来源
AgI(s+ e−Ag(s+I−
−0.15224
[14]

MoO2(s+4 H+4 e−Mo(s+2 H2O
+
−0.15
Si(s+4 H+4 e−SiH4(g
+
−0.14
Sn+2 e−Sn(s
2+
−0.13
O2(g+H+e−HO2•(aq
+
−0.13
Pb+2 e−Pb(s
2+
−0.13
[9]

WO2(s+4 H+4 e−W(s+2 H2O
+
−0.12
P(红磷+3 H+3 e−PH3(g
+
−0.111
[5]

CO2(g+2 H+2 e−HCOOH(aq
+
−0.11
Se(s+2 H+2 e−H2Se(g
+
−0.11
CO2(g+2 H+2 e−CO(g+H2O
+
−0.11
SnO(s+2 H+2 e−Sn(s+H2O
+
−0.10

半反应
E°(V[注1]
来源
SnO2(s+2 H+2 e−SnO(s+H2O
+
−0.09
WO3(aq+6 H+6 e−W(s+3 H2O
+
−0.09
[2]

P(白磷+3 H+3 e−PH3(g
+
−0.063
[5]

Fe+3 e−Fe(s
3+
−0.04
[15]

HCOOH(aq+2 H+2 e−HCHO(aq+H2O
+
−0.03
2 H+2 e−H2(g
+
0.00≡0
AgBr(s+ e−Ag(s+Br−
+0.07133
[14]

S4O6−+2 e−2 S2O3−
2
2
+0.08
Fe3O4(s+8 H+8 e−3 Fe(s+4 H2O
+
+0.085
[8]

N2(g+2 H2O+6H+6 e−2 NH4OH(aq
+
+0.092
HgO(s+H2O+2 e−Hg(l+2 OH−
+0.0977
Cu(NH34+e−Cu(NH32+2 NH3
2+
+
+0.10
[2]

Ru(NH36+e−Ru(NH36
3+
2+
+0.10
[7]


半反应
E°(V[注1]
来源
N2H4(aq+4 H2O+2 e−2 NH4+4 OH−
+
+0.11
[6]

H2MoO4(aq+6 H+6 e−Mo(s+4 H2O
+
+0.11
Ge+4 e−Ge(s
4+
+0.12
C(s+4 H+4 e−CH4(g
+
+0.13
[2]

HCHO(aq+2 H+2 e−CH3OH(aq
+
+0.13
S(s+2 H+2 e−H2S(g
+
+0.14
Sn+2 e−Sn
4+
2+
+0.15
Cu+e−Cu
2+
+
+0.159
[2]

HSO4−+3 H+2 e−SO2(aq+2 H2O
+
+0.16
UO2+e−UO2
2+
+
+0.163
[7]

SO4−+4 H+2 e−SO2(aq+2 H2O
2
+
+0.17
TiO+2 H+e−Ti+H2O
2+
+
3+
+0.19

半反应
E°(V[注1]
来源
Bi+2e−Bi
3+
+
+0.2
SbO+2 H+3 e−Sb(s+H2O
+
+
+0.20
AgCl(s+ e−Ag(s+Cl−
+0.22233
[14]

H3AsO3(aq+3 H+3 e−As(s+3 H2O
+
+0.24
GeO(s+2 H+2 e−Ge(s+H2O
+
+0.26
UO2+4 H+e−U+2 H2O
+
+
4+
+0.273
[7]

At2+e−2 At
-
+0.3
[11]

Re+3 e−Re(s
3+
+0.300
Bi+3 e−Bi(s
3+
+0.32
VO+2 H+e−V+H2O
2+
+
3+
+0.34
Cu+2 e−Cu(s
2+
+0.340
[2]

[Fe(CN6]−+e−[Fe(CN6]−
3
4
+0.36

半反应
E°(V[注1]
来源
Tc+2 e−Tc(s
2+
+0.40
[11]

O2(g+2 H2O+4 e−4 OH−(aq
+0.40
[9]

H2MoO4+6 H+3 e−Mo+2 H2O
+
3+
+0.43
Ru+2 e−Ru(s
2+
+0.455
[11]

Bi+e−Bi(s
+
+0.50
CH3OH(aq+2 H+2 e−CH4(g+H2O
+
+0.50
SO2(aq+4 H+4 e−S(s+2 H2O
+
+0.50
Cu+e−Cu(s
+
+0.520
[2]

CO(g+2 H+2 e−C(s+H2O
+
+0.52
I3−+2 e−3 I−
+0.53
[9]

I2(s+2 e−2 I−
+0.54
[9]

[AuI4]−+3 e−Au(s+4 I−
+0.56

半反应
E°(V[注1]
来源
H3AsO4(aq+2 H+2 e−H3AsO3(aq+H2O
+
+0.56
[AuI2]−+e−Au(s+2 I−
+0.58
MnO4−+2 H2O+3 e−MnO2(s+4 OH−
+0.59
Rh+e−Rh(s
+
+0.600
[11]

S2O3 −+6 H+4 e−2 S(s+3 H2O
2
+
+0.60
Fc+ e−Fc(s
+
+0.641
[18]

+0.643
+ e−Ag+
−
[11]

H2MoO4(aq+2 H+2 e−MoO2(s+2 H2O
+
+0.65
+2 H+2 e
+
−

+0.6992
[14]

O2(g+2 H+2 e−H2O2(aq
+
+0.70
Tl+3 e−Tl(s
3+
+0.72

半反应
E°(V[注1]
来源
PtCl6−+2 e−PtCl4−+2 Cl−
2
2
+0.726
[7]

H2SeO3(aq+4 H+4 e−Se(s+3 H2O
+
+0.74
Rh+3 e−Rh(s
3+
+0.758
[11]

PtCl4−+2 e−Pt(s+4 Cl−
2
+0.758
[7]

Fe+e−Fe
3+
2+
+0.77
Ag+e−Ag(s
+
+0.7996
[5]

Hg2+2 e−2 Hg(l
2+
+0.80
NO3−(aq+2 H+e−NO2(g+H2O
+
+0.80
FeO4−+5 H2O+6 e−Fe2O3(s+10 OH−
2
+0.81
[15]

H2(g+2 OH−2 H2O+2 e−
+0.828
[19]

[AuBr4]−+3 e−Au(s+4 Br−
+0.85
Hg+2 e−Hg(l
2+
+0.85

半反应
E°(V[注1]
来源
MnO4−+H+e−HMnO4−
+
+0.90
2 Hg+2 e−Hg2
2+
2+
+0.91
[2]

Pd+2 e−Pd(s
2+
+0.915
[7]

[AuCl4]−+3 e−Au(s+4 Cl−
+0.93
MnO2(s+4 H+e−Mn+2 H2O
+
3+
+0.95
[AuBr2]−+e−Au(s+2 Br−
+0.96
[HXeO6]−+2 H2O+2 e−+[HXeO4]−+4  OH−+0.99
3
[20]

HNO2+H+e=NO(g+H2O
+-
+0.996
H6TeO6(aq+2 H+2 e−TeO2(s+4 H2O
+
+1.02
[21]

Br2(l+2 e−2 Br−
+1.07
Br2(aq+2 e−2 Br−
+1.09
[9]

NO2(g+H+e=HNO2
+-
+1.093

半反应
E°(V[注1]
来源
IO3−+5 H+4 e−HIO(aq+2 H2O
+
+1.13
[AuCl2]−+e−Au(s+2 Cl−
+1.15
HSeO4−+3 H+2 e−H2SeO3(aq+H2O
+
+1.15
Ir+3 e−Ir(s
3+
+1.156
[11]

Ag2O(s+2 H+2 e−2 Ag(s+H2O
+
+1.17
ClO3−+2 H+e−ClO2(g+H2O
+
+1.18
[HXeO6]−+5 H2O+8 e−Xe(g+11 OH−
3
+1.18
[20]

Pt+2 e−Pt(s
2+
+1.188
[7]

ClO2(g+H+e−HClO2(aq
+
+1.19
2 IO3−+12 H+10 e−I2(s+6 H2O
+
+1.20
ClO4−+2 H+2 e−ClO3−+H2O
+
+1.20
O2(g+4 H+4 e−2 H2O
+
+1.229
[9]


半反应
E°(V[注1]
来源
MnO2(s+4 H+2 e−Mn+2H2O
+
2+
+1.23
[HXeO4]−+3 H2O+6 e−Xe(g+7 OH−
+1.24
[20]

Tl+2 e−Tl
3+
+
+1.25
Cr2O7 −+14 H+6 e−2 Cr+7 H2O
2
+
3+
+1.33
Cl2(g+2 e−2 Cl−
+1.36
[9]

CoO2(s+4 H+e−Co+2 H2O
+
3+
+1.42
2 NH3OH+H+2 e−N2H5+2 H2O
+
+
+
+1.42
[6]

2 HIO(aq+2 H+2 e−I2(s+2 H2O
+
+1.44
Ce+e−Ce
4+
3+
+1.44
BrO3−+5 H+4 e−HBrO(aq+2 H2O
+
+1.45
β-PbO2(s+4 H+2 e−Pb+2 H2O
+
2+
+1.460
[2]

α-PbO2(s+4 H+2 e−Pb+2 H2O
+
2+
+1.468
[2]


半反应
E°(V[注1]
来源
2 BrO3−+12 H+10 e−Br2(l+6 H2O
+
+1.48
2ClO3−+12 H+10 e−Cl2(g+6 H2O
+
+1.49
HO2+H+e−H2O2
+
+1.495
[11]

MnO4−+8 H+5 e−Mn+4 H2O
+
2+
+1.51
HO2+H+e−H2O2(aq
•
+
+1.51
Au+3 e−Au(s
3+
+1.52
NiO2(s+4 H+2 e−Ni+2 OH−
+
2+
+1.59
2 HClO(aq+2 H+2 e−Cl2(g+2 H2O
+
+1.63
Ag2O3(s+6 H+4 e−2 Ag+3 H2O
+
+
+1.67
HClO2(aq+2 H+2 e−HClO(aq+H2O
+
+1.67
Pb+2 e−Pb
4+
2+
+1.69
[2]

MnO4−+4 H+3 e−MnO2(s+2 H2O
+
+1.70

半反应
E°(V[注1]
来源
AgO(s+2 H+e−Ag+H2O
+
+
+1.77
 H2O2(aq+2 H+2 e−2 H2O
+
+1.776
Co+e−Co
3+
2+
+1.82
Au+e−Au(s
+
+1.83
[2]

BrO4−+2 H+2 e−BrO3−+H2O
+
+1.85
Ag+e−Ag
2+
+
+1.98
[2]

S2O8−+2 e−2 SO4−
2
2
+2.07
O3(g+2 H+2 e−O2(g+H2O
+
+2.075
[7]

HMnO4−+3 H+2 e−MnO2(s+2 H2O
+
+2.09
XeO3(aq+6 H+6 e−Xe(g+3 H2O
+
+2.12
[20]

H4XeO6(aq+8 H+8 e−Xe(g+6 H2O
+
+2.18
[20]

FeO4−+3 e−+8 HFe+4 H2O
2
+
3+
+2.20
[22]

XeF2(aq+2 H+2 e−Xe(g+2HF(aq
+
+2.32
[20]


半反应
E°(V[注1]
来源
H4XeO6(aq+2 H+2 e−XeO3(aq+ H2O
+
+2.42
[20]

F2(g+2 e−2 F−
+2.87
[2][9]

F2(g+2 H+2 e−2 HF(aq
+
+3.05
[2]

Tb+ e− Tb
4+
3+
+3.05
[11]



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